Kiwi - ndi zipatso zamtundu wanji, zimakula bwanji zachilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe

Zipatso zoyambirira za kiwi zimayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo kwakukulu, kununkhira kwakukulu, mavitamini ambiri, kusungika bwino kwambiri ndikusungika kwotalikirapo kwa miyezi ingapo. Chomera chothandiza komanso chopanda chidwi ichi chimamva bwino kwambiri m'minda yakumwera kwa Russia ndi Ukraine. Mutha kumakulitsa m'nyumba kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kiwi - Chinese Actinidia

Kiwi ndi dzina lamalonda la zipatso za Chinese Actinidia kuchokera ku banja la a Actinidia. Kuthengo, mtengo wamtchire wamtchire waukuluwu wokhala ndi masamba ogwidwa nthawi yozizira umamera m'nkhalango zakumwera kwa China. Mwachilengedwe, Chinese actinidia creepers amafika 10 mita kutalika, akukwera pamwamba mu korona zamitengo.

Masamba akulu a kiwi amawoneka osawoneka bwino komanso okongola. Liana ili limapereka mthunzi wambiri, ndibwino kuti pakuwoneke mabwalo, pergolas ndi arbor kum'mwera.

Kiwi - wokonza liana wokhala ndi masamba akulu

Chipatso cha Kiwi ndi mabulosi ophika bwino ophimbidwa ndi khungu lotuwa pang'ono, lomwe pansi pake pali chotsekemera komanso zonunkhira bwino. Peel ndiyowuma ndipo saigwiritsa ntchito chakudya, zamkati mwa zipatsozo ndizokhazokha. Mbeu za Kiwi ndizochepa kwambiri komanso zochulukirapo, sizimva chilichonse pakudya, palibe chifukwa chowachotsa mukamayala chipatsochi. Zipatso ndizopaka, zokulirapo pang'ono kuposa dzira la nkhuku, zolemera mpaka 100-150 magalamu.

Zipatso za Kiwi zokulirapo kuposa dzira la nkhuku

Ubweya wa zipatso za kiwi ndiwowoneka bwino wobiriwira, mitundu yambiri imakhalabe yobiriwira ngakhale itakhwima kwathunthu, ngakhale mitundu yokhala ndi chikaso chamaso yayamba kupezeka. Ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa chipatso chokhwima ndi chosapsa:

• chipatso chosapsa chovuta kukhudza
• Chipatso chakucha chimakhala chofewa, ndipo mnofu wake umawonekera.

Kwa miyezi yayitali yosungirako ndi mayendedwe pamtunda wautali, zipatso za kiwi zimakololedwa pang'ono, pomwe zimakhala zolimba. Zipatso zofewa zokhazokha zimangosungidwa kwa masiku ochepa, ngakhale mufiriji.

Kuti zipatso za kiwi zolimba zigulidwe mwachangu, ziyenera kuzikulunga ndi thumba la pulasitiki limodzi ndi maapulo angapo omwe amakhala, kumangirira chikwamacho ndikuchisiyira mumtambo kwa masiku atatu osachepera kutentha.

Kiwi ndi gawo lofunikira la zipatso pamayiko otentha

Chinese actinidia wakula kuyambira nthawi yayitali m'minda ya China ndi mayiko oyandikana ndi Southeast Asia, komwe mitundu yambiri yamderali idapangidwa. Koma chipatso ichi chidalandilidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso kutchuka kwadziko lapansi kokha m'zaka zapitazi, pomwe mitundu yakale yaku China idabweretsa ku New Zealand. Dera lakum'mawa lakutchire lazika mizu kumtunda wa New Zealand, ndipo obereketsa am'deralo adatha kupanga mitundu yazipatso zazikuluzikulu, kupititsa patsogolo dzina lomwe dzina lachigiriki la Kiwi linapangidwa (polemekeza mbalame yopanda ndege, yomwe ndi chizindikiro cha New Zealand).

Mitundu yamakono yayikulu-zipatso ya ku China ya actinidia nthawi zambiri imasiyanitsidwa mu mawonekedwe osiyana - chinthu chosangalatsa cha actinidia, kusiyanitsa ndi makolo awo amtchire.

Mitundu yayikulu ya kiwi yopanda zipatso

Mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yayikulu ya zipatso za kiwi (tebulo)

Madera azikhalidwe zama kiwi

Pakadali pano, kiwi ndiye mbewu yofunika kwambiri yazipatso ku New Zealand, kudera lotentha la USA ndi mayiko a South America, ku China, Japan, m'maiko ambiri a Kumwera kwa Europe.

Zipatso zambiri za kiwi tsopano zalimidwa ku Italy. Ndinali ndi mwayi wocheza ndi alimi angapo aku Italiya, omwe anali ndi minda yotero. Malingaliro awo, chikhalidwe cha kiwi sichili chovuta komanso chopindulitsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mphesa zachikhalidwe m'malo amenewo: palibenso tizirombo ndi matenda a kiwi, choncho mankhwala opha tizilombo ogwirira ntchito sawafunikira konse, mbewuyo imatsimikiziridwa kuti imakhala yachilengedwe komanso yosungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakubzala kiwi, monga pansi pa minda ya mpesa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malo osavutikira kumapiri ndi kumapiri, kapangidwe ka othandizira sikusiyana kwambiri ndi mphesa.

Kubzala mitengo ya Kiwi m'maiko ambiri kuthana ndi minda yamphesa

Kiwi amakula bwino kumwera kwa Russia: pagombe lakuda la Caucasus, ku Crimea, kumwera kwa Dagestan. Pa gombe lakumwera kwa Crimea, ku Sochi ndi ku Krasnodar, kiwi zimakwanitsa nyengo yopanda pobisalira, kumadera akumpoto kwambiri a liana nyengo yachisanu ndikofunikira kuti muchotse pazotsalira, kugona pansi ndi kuphimba.

Kodi kiwi amakula bwanji ku Yalta (kanema)

Mutha kukulitsa kiwi ku madera a Black Sea ku Ukraine. Zabzala bwino zipatso zamtunduwu zomwe zidabzala bwino izi zimapezekanso ku Transcarpathia. Ku Kiev, Chitchaina cha ku China chimabala zipatso nthawi zina zambiri, koma chimazizira kwambiri nyengo yachisanu. Ku Belarus ndi pakati pa Russia, kulima kiwi kumatheka pokhapokha ngati pali wowonjezera kutentha.

Kodi mini kiwi

Zaka zaposachedwa, malo ambiri ogulitsa azigawo amagwiritsa ntchito dzina la "mini-kiwi" kukulitsa kufuna kwa ogula a mbande za mitundu ina ya actinidia:

• mangochitika
• mangochin
• mangochinin

Poyerekeza ndi Chinese actinidia, mitunduyi imakhala yozizira kwambiri - makamaka colomictus actinidia, yomwe imakula ndi kubereka zipatso popanda malo okhala ngakhale ku Moscow Region, Siberia, ndi Urals. Kukula kwa zipatso zawo ndikocheperako poyerekeza ndi kiwi, koma sikuti otsika kwa iwo pakoma komanso pazakudya.

Zosiyanasiyana mini-kiwi (chithunzi chojambulidwa)

M'munda mwanga ku Middle Volga, kwa zaka zambiri, mtengo wa mpesa wa Colomict actinidia wakhala ukubala zipatso, zomwe chaka chilichonse kumapeto kwa Ogasiti amatulutsa zipatso zamipatso yayitali kukula kwa mphesa, ndi kukoma ndi kununkhira ngati sitolo yeniyeni.

Maluwa a Kiwi ndi Zipatso

Kiwi, monga mitundu ina yonse ya actinidia, ndi chomera chopatsa chidwi. Maluwa aamuna ndi aakazi amapezeka pamakope osiyanasiyana. Molondola kudziwa kugonana kwa mbeu kumatheka pokhapokha maluwa. Mpesa zambewu zoyambira zimakonda kubadwa patadutsa zaka 5-7 patatha kufesa mbewu kuchokera ku zodulidwa ndi zodula pang'ono kale, zaka 3-4.

Maluwa a kiwi achikazi amakonzedwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.

Maluwa a kiwi achikazi amakonzedwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Ndi zoyera kapena pang'ono zonona. Pakati pa maluwa aliwonse achikazi, pestle yayikulu yokhala ndi manyazi ngati asterisk ikuwoneka bwino. Mphamvu zakuzungulira amazipanga, chifukwa chake kudzivulaza ndizosatheka.

Pakati pa duwa la kiwi la akazi, pestle amawoneka bwino, ndipo ma stamen amapangidwira

Ngati maluwa ambiri akazi atapangidwa ndikuvomerezedwa mungu pa chomera nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti zipatso zomwe zikulipidwe zimakhala zochepa. Kuti mupeze zipatso zazikulu, atapangika mazira, amapangidwamo, ndikuchotsa zochuluka.

Maluwa aamuna samapanga zipatso za kiwi, koma amafunika kupukutidwa

Maluwa oyera a kiwi oyera amatengedwa mu burashi wazidutswa zingapo pamtengo umodzi. Kiwi amawolowetsedwa ndi njuchi ndi tizilombo tina, motero maluwawo amakhala osangalatsa kwambiri. Mkatikati mwa maluwa amphongo, ma stamens ambiri okhala ndi mungu amawoneka bwino, ndipo pestle imapangidwa bwino ndipo sikhala ndi mpweya wa msambo.

Maluwa a kiwi a Kiwi ali ndi mapangidwe ambiri okhala ndi mungu, ndipo pestle imapangidwira

Mu Sochi, kiwi amatulutsa theka lachiwiri la Meyi, zipatso zimacha kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Disembala. Pakakhala nyengo yabwino, zipatso zimakhala pachaka, koma nthawi yozizira maluwa amatha kufa, ndipo maluwa ndi masamba nthawi zambiri amawonongeka ndi masika obwerera masika.

Zambiri za kukula kwa kiwi poyera

Mukabzala kiwi pazomera 10 zilizonse zamitundu yobala zipatso (Hayward, Kivaldi, Monti, Bruno, Abbot, Allison, ...) kuti azivundukula, mbeu ziwiri za mitundu yopukutira wamwamuna ziyenera kubzalidwa (Matua, Tomuri, ...). Mtunda pakati pa mbande mukabzala ndi osachepera 2-3 metres.

Kuti mukule kiwi, mufunika kuthandizidwa. Trellis nthawi zambiri imayikidwa musanadzalemo mbande. Kutalika kwa trellis ndi 2-2,5 metres, kuti amangirire mphukira pakati pazipilala, waya wolimba umatambasuka molunjika m'mizere 1-3. Kudulira kwamphamvu kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, kudula makulidwe, kufooka ndi mphukira zakale kwambiri.

Pakukula kiwi, ma trellise amapangidwa ndi mitengo ndi waya womata pakati pawo

Chinese actinidia amafunikira mpweya wambiri ndi dothi, chifukwa malo olimidwa nthawi zonse amathiridwa madzi. M'minda yaying'ono mungathe kubzala mbewu pamthunzi wowerengeka kuti muteteze ku dzuwa lakuyaka. Ndikwabwino kubzala kiwi pafupi ndi gazebo kapena veranda lotseguka, mupeza tsamba labwino la masamba obiriwira.

Popanda pobisalapo, mbewu za kiwi zachikulire sizimatha kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali -15 ... -17 ° C, zowerengeka zazing'ono zimawonongeka kwambiri ngakhale -10 ° C.

M'madera omwe ali ndi chisanu nthawi yachisanu, nthawi yabwino yozizira, ma liwi a kiwi akhoza kuphatikizidwira nyengo yachisanu:

1. Phimbani pansi pafupi ndi nthambi ndi nthambi kapena pulasitiki kuti mpesawo usavunde.
2. Chotsani mpesawo pazinthu zothandizira ndikuyika pachikuto.
3. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi nthambi za spruce kapena mphasa.
4. Phimbani zinthuzo ndi zokutira pulasitiki, khazikitsani m'mbali mwake ndi njerwa kapena kuwaza ndi lapansi.

Kuteteza ku chisanu, kiwi imatha kutetezedwa nthawi yozizira

Pankhani ya thaws yayitali yolimba, malo osungirako malo ayenera kupumira. Mu kasupe, malo ogona amachotsedwa ndipo mipesa imamangirizidwa kwa trellis.

Kukula Kiwi Kunyumba

Ngati mukufuna, mutha kuyesa kukulitsa kiwi ngati chomera, ngakhale mulibe tanthauzo mu izi:

• muchulukitsa kumafuna kukhalapo kwa amuna ndi akazi toyesa kutulutsa nthawi yomweyo (kupukutidwa kumachitika pamanja ndi burashi yofewa);
• kiwi - mpesa waukulu, wotenga malo ambiri;
• nyengo yozizira yozizira ndi kutentha pafupifupi + 5 ° C ndikofunikira kuti pakhale maluwa;
• maluwa amatenga mochedwa, zaka 5-7 mutabzala mbewu, ndikuzindikiritsa kugonana kwa mbande ndizotheka pokhapokha maluwa.

Pofesa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthangala za zipatso za kiwi zomwe zagulidwa m'sitolo:

1. Lekani zipatso m'chipinda chofunda mpaka mutakhwima bwino (ziyenera kukhala zofewa, zokhala ndi thupi lowonekera).
   

   Mbewu za zipatso za kiwi zakupsa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa.

2. Patulani mbewu ndi zamkati posamba m'madzi oyera.
3. Zilowani mbeu zosambitsidwa bwino kwa sabata limodzi mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza pa + 20 ° C, kupewa kuti ziume.
4. Kenako fesani dothi losakonzeka lakuya pafupifupi mamilimita 5, ndikutsanulira madzi ofunda pang'ono.
5. Sungani mbewu pa + 20 ... + 25 ° C, mutamera, pakani pawindo lowala popanda kuwalira kwenikweni.

Kusamalira m'nyumba ya kiwi kumakhala kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi madzi okhazikika, kuteteza nthaka kuti iume kaye mumphika (kuthirira nthawi zambiri nthawi yachilimwe, nthawi zambiri nthawi yozizira), kupopera sabata masamba masamba ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono ndi kutulutsa kwamasamba pachaka. Pazida zokulira mumphika, chimango cha waya wokutidwa chimakhazikika.

Momwe kukula kiwi kunyumba (kanema)

Ndemanga

Kiwi ndi chomera chamuyaya chomwe chimafuna nyengo yozizira.

Odina//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/56-kivi-aktinidiia-kitajskaia-doma-i-na-balkone/

Kiwi kale minus 10 akuyamba kuzizira.

Maroussia//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/21374-vyraschivaem-kivi-aktinidiiu-kitajskuiu-v-otkryto/

Ndimaphimba mphesa ... kusiyana kwa nyengo yozizira ya mphesa ndi kiwi sikunadziwike. Chokhacho ndichakuti kiwi imadzuka pang'ono kale kuposa mphesa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mwayi wofika pansi pa chisanu ndi wokulirapo.

Alexey Sh//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3289

Chinese actinidia - iyi ndiye kiwi weniweni! Mu Kiev Botanical, imakula, ndipo nthawi zina imabala zipatso

Sveta2609//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/125485/

Kiwi ndi chipatso cholonjeza kwambiri cha madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yofunda kwambiri. M'malo akumpoto pang'ono ngati dera la Black Earth, pogona nthawi yachisanu lithandizira kuteteza mipesa ku chisanu. Ndipo m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, komwe kiwi sichimazizira ngakhale pogona mosamala, mitundu ina ya actinidia imakula bwino ndi kukhazikika kwa dzinja komanso yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa kiwi weniweni, koma yopanda zipatso komanso zopatsa thanzi.