Portulacaria ndi mtengo wamuyaya, wokoma womwe umapanga chitsamba chokongola kapena mtengo wawung'ono. Ndikosavuta kupangira korona ndikupanga korona, motero portulacaria nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe a bonsai pachithunzichi. Ovala maluwa amakonda maluwa obiriwira chifukwa cha chilengedwe komanso mawonekedwe ake okongola. Amakhala kumadera okuma kwambiri a South Africa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Portulacaria ndi wa banja la Portulacov, mu mtundu wake wamtundu wamtundu umodzi basi. Ndiwosakhazikika wokhalitsa. Porulacaria rhizome ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, imatha kudyetsa mayeso ngakhale itakhala yozama bwanji. Nthambi zanthete, zokhala ndi minofu yokutidwa ndi wandiweyani, makungwa osalala amapezeka pamwamba pa nthaka. Pazomera zazing'ono, khungwa limakhala lofiirira kapena la imvi, koma pang'onopang'ono limayamba kuda. Kukula kwapachaka kwa mphukira ndizochepa, motero, mkati mwa portulacaria amakhalabe chitsamba chachitali kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale m'malo achilengedwe amatha kutalika kwa 2-3 mamita.
Masamba amapezeka kokha panthambi zachinyamata. Masamba ozungulira kapena ozungulira ali ndi mbali zosalala. Zolemba zake ndizitali ndi masentimita 2-3 ndi masentimita 1-2. Masamba ndiwotundira ndikuphimbidwa ndi khungu lowonda, lalitali lamtambo wowoneka bwino.
Maluwa amapezeka mu February ndi Epulo. Panthambi zazing'ono, axillary, inflorescences zooneka ngati nthongo. Amakhala ndi maluwa oyera ambiri oyera ndi ofiira osawoneka bwino. Danga lotalikirana ndi maluwa ndi 2,5 cm, ndipo kutalika kwa inflorescence yonse sikupita masentimita 7-8. M'malo mwa maluwa, zipatso zamadzimadzi zokhala ndi khungu la pinki pambuyo pake zimacha. Mwachilengedwe, iwo, limodzi ndi masamba, amatumizira monga chakudya cha njovu ndi nyama zina. Maluwa amatha kukhala okhawo pokhapokha muzomera zazikulu za vivo. Indoor portulacaria samakonda kusangalatsa omwe amabwera ndi maluwa.
Mitundu Yodziwika
Malinga ndi nerds, ndi mtundu umodzi wokhawo womwe umapezeka mu mtundu wa portulakaria - portulacaria acrican kapena afra. Mwachilengedwe, ndimtchire wamtali kapena mtengo wokoma wokhala ndi korona wofalikira. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamita 3.5. Masamba ndi oumbidwa ndi teardrop komanso wopaka utoto wobiriwira. Pamaso pake pamasamba opanda minofu, yokutidwa ndi khungu lowala. Maluwa onyezimira amakhala okutidwa ndi makungwa amtundu wakuda wa bulauni ndi ukalamba.
Pofuna kusiyanitsa zomwe apatsidwazo ndikulola wamaluwa kugula portulacaria ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa kwambiri, botanists amapanga mitundu yotsatirayi:
- Portulacaria mosagate. Chomera sichidutsa mita 1 kutalika kwa masamba.Mabokosi a Oblong pakati amapakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino wobiriwira, ndipo amakongoleredwa ndi chingwe cha siliva m'mphepete. Mikwingwirima yambiri yopyapyala, yodutsa imakokedwa kuchokera m'mphepete mpaka pakati.
- Portulacaria mosagate tricolor. Mumitundu ya mmera, kuwonjezera pa yoyera ndi yobiriwira, mithunzi ya pinki ilipo. Masamba okhala ndi masamba oyera komanso oyera, oyera. Zoyambira ndi m'mphepete mwa masamba zimapaka pinki yowala.
Njira zolerera
Kubalana kwa portulacaria kumachitika mwa njira zamasamba ndi mbewu. Muzu kuti muthane ndi zodulidwazo, masamba oyambira 12-15 cm amadulidwa; masamba anayi akhale pamtengowo. Chidacho chimapangidwira pakona ndi tsamba lakuthwa. Malowo odulawo amawaza ndi makala oswedwa ndikusiyidwa kuti adzaume mlengalenga kwa masiku 7-14. Wodula ukalimbikitsidwa ndi filimu yopyapyala yokhala ndi mawonekedwe oyera, phesiyo ikhoza kubzalidwa mumusakaniza wonyowa wamchenga-peat.
Pomizika, mbande zizisungidwa m'chipinda chowala ndi kutentha kwa + 25 ° C. Nthawi zambiri njirayi imatenga pafupifupi mwezi. Kuika zodula kumalo osatha ndizotheka miyezi iwiri yokha mutabzala mu nthaka.
Mutha kufulumizitsa ndikusavuta njira yozika mizu poyala. Popanda kulekanitsa tsinde ndi chomera, chimakanikizidwa pansi. Pambuyo pakutuluka kwa mizu yaying'ono, mutha kudula mphukira ndikuyiika kwina.
Kukula mbande za mbewu ndikosavuta. Njira iyi imakuthandizani kuti mupeze mbewu zambiri nthawi yomweyo. Ndikokwanira kufesa mbewu mu chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi peat ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Wowonongerayo akuyenera kuwuwongola ndikuwanyowa m'mene kumira. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera, ndipo patatha mwezi wina, mbande zimatha kumera zokha popanda chitetezo.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira portulacaria sikovuta. Amamuzolowera zovuta za malo otentha, ndiye chomera chomera kwambiri. Portulacaria imafunikira kuunikira kowala, kuwongola dzuwa mwachindunji ndikofunikira masamba. Peel yolimba imalephera kuwotchedwa, chifukwa chake simuyenera kudandaula za momwe aliri. Mutha kuyika miphika pazenera zanyumba zakumwera. Kuti chisoti chobala bwino chifumu, timalimbikitsidwa kusinthasintha mbewu.
Portulacaria nthawi zambiri amazindikira kutentha kwa chilimwe. Chipinda chotsekemera chimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizilowa mkati mwake. Mutha kutenga mphika ndi chomera m'mundamo kapena khonde lotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, kutsika pang'ono kutentha kumaloledwa, koma kuzirala m'munsimu + 10 ° C kumabweretsa kufa kwa masamba ndi kufa kwa mtengo.
Madzi a portulacaria mosamala. Pa kuthirira gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda popanda chlorine. Kuuma sikuchita gawo lapadera. Pakati kuthirira dziko ayenera adzauma kwathunthu. Zitsamba zabwino zimasunga madzi okwanira kuti mbewuyo isafe ngakhale chilala chadzaoneni.
Chinyezi cha portulacaria zilibe kanthu. Imakhalapo pafupi ndi mabatire komanso pafupi ndi aquarium. Ndi chinyezi chachikulu, mizu ya mpweya imatha kuwoneka pamitengo. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mutha kutsuka mphukirazi posamba kuti muthane ndi fumbi.
Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, ndikofunikira kuthira fetulacaria. Mwa izi, kuvala pamwamba pamankhwala okhala ndi ma nitrogen otsika kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Feteleza amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi kuthirira, apo ayi mutha kuwotcha mizu.
Kuchepetsa ndikosowa kwenikweni, popeza portulacaria imayamba ndi mizu yake. Vutolo likatenga malo omasuka, dothi la dothi limasunthidwa mosamala mumphika watsopano. Simungathe kutenga chubu chachikulu nthawi imodzi, izi zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke. Dothi lokwera limayikidwa pansi pa chidebe. Kubzala nthaka kuyenera kukhala ndi zinthu izi:
- mchenga;
- nthaka yamaluwa;
- dothi lamasamba;
- makala.
Mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa kale ndi cacti m'sitolo ndikuwonjezera mchenga pang'ono. Zomwe nthaka zimachita siziyenera kulowerera kapena pang'ono acidic.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Portulacaria imakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, zovuta zosowa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera:
- kutaya kwa motley kukongoletsa kapena kuteteza masamba kumachitika chifukwa chosowa kuwala;
- zimayambira zimakhala zambiri ndi zochuluka za feteleza wa nayitrogeni;
- maziko a tsinde limodzi ndi masamba owundana akuwonetsa kukula kwa kuvunda chifukwa chakuthirira kosayenera.
Matenda a tiziromboti nthawi zina amatha kupezeka ndi masamba opepuka. Makamaka izi zimachitika ndi mbewu mumlengalenga. Ngati nkhandwe, mealybug kapena nthata za akangaude zikapezeka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchitira mphukira ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
