Pakadali pano, mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala a kukhwima kwa nyengo yozizira ndi maonekedwe osiyana siyana apangidwa. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi zosiyanasiyana "Kyrgyz Winter", yomwe ingakhoze kukula mu nyengo yozizira. Komabe, kuti mupeze zokolola zochuluka, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo odzala ndi kusamalira mtengo nthawi zonse.
Mbiri yopondereza
Mitundu ya peyala "Kyrgyz Winter" imapangidwa chifukwa cha madera omwe nyengo imakhala ndi mitengo yobiriwira. Anagwidwa ndi abusa a Kyrgyz mwa kudutsa mitundu iwiri: "Forest Beauty" ndi "Winter Bere".
Mukudziwa? Za peyala ankadziwika kwa zaka 1000 BC. Ku Ulaya, peyala inayamba kufalikira m'zaka za zana la XIX, ndipo idabweretsedwa ku Kiev kuchokera ku Byzantium.
Mafotokozedwe ndi zosiyana za zosiyanasiyana
Pofotokoza mitundu ya peyala "Kyrgyz Winter" tikhoza kunena kuti kupindula kwakukulu ndikumera m'madera omwe nyengo ili yovuta ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapereka zokolola zambiri.
Wood
Mitundu ya mitengo "Kyrgyz Winter" imadziwika ndi zotsatirazi:
- kukula kwapiritsi ndi pyramidal, osati kulemera korona mawonekedwe; mu yophukira izo zimapanga masamba;
- Amadziphatikizidwa pa chitsa cha pakati cha quince ndipo chimakhala ndi mizu ya nthambi yomwe imadutsa pansi;
- masambawa ndi ovunda, amawoneka pang'ono ndipo amatha kumapeto, kunja kwa mtundu wobiriwira ndi mdima wonyezimira, mkati mwake muli wobiriwira;
- Malinga ndi nyengo yobzala, maluwa amapezeka mu April kapena May. Maluwawo ndi oyera, onunkhira kwambiri, mpaka mamita atatu masentimita awiri, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu maburashi kuyambira zidutswa 3 mpaka 9;
- Zipatso zoyamba zisanatuluke, nthambi ziyenera kupangidwa ndi 60 ° ndipo zikhazikike mpaka iwo atenge malo abwino;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yachonde, koma kuti muyambe kuyendetsa bwino mitengo muyenera kuyima mitengo yambiri pafupi;
- Samaundana pamene chisanu chili chokwanira;
- Zipatso pansi pa zabwino kwa zaka makumi atatu, zipatso zimayikidwa ku kolchatkah;
- Mitengo siikhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo, kutentha kwa mafuta ndi khansa ya bakiteriya;
- imakula bwino muzitali zamtunda.
Zipatso
Chiyanjano:
- zipatso zazikulu, zolemera mpaka 250 magalamu;
- mawonekedwe ozungulira mawonekedwe;
- khungu ndi lobiriwira, panthaŵi ya kukula msinkhu, mtundu umasintha kukhala wolemera chikasu ndi thovu wofiira pa chipatso chonse;
- zamkati ndi zowutsa zowirira-chikasu, zandiweyani, zowonongeka ndi zokoma ndi zokoma;
- peyala yakucha mu October;
- zipatso zolekerera zosamalidwa ndipo zingasungidwe mufiriji mpaka pakati pa masika.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mulandire zipatso zapamwamba, mitundu yachisanu yamapiri iyenera kucha kwa masiku 90 kutentha kosapitirira 10 ° C.
Momwe mungasankhire mbande
Mitundu ya varietal yabwino imagulidwa mu malo osungirako mankhwala kapena malo ogulitsa. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kumvetsera:
- maonekedwe - kuyeretsa popanda zizindikiro zonyenga. Onetsetsani kuti mukulumikiza chizindikiro chomwe chimasonyeza mtundu ndi kufotokoza kwa dera lokula;
- mizu - Mtengo uyenera kukhala ndi mizu isanu ndi iwiri ndi itatu yokhala ndi kutalika kwa mamita 0.3. Amawoneka ofunika, opanda zowola ndi kukula kosiyanasiyana.
Kusankha malo abwino
Popeza mapeyala amenewa ndi oyambirira kucha, ndi bwino kuwagwiritsira ntchito popanga malo otchedwa "munda wakuya". 
Zomwe mukufuna ku malo omwe zidzasweka ndi izi:
- malowa amawalitsidwa bwino ndi dzuwa - ngakhale peyala ikhoza kukula mthunzi, koma iyo siibereka chipatso kumeneko;
- Chomera bwino pamapiri ndi m'mapiri, ndi madzi akuya pansi, ngati mizu ya mtengo ikhoza kufika mamita 8;
- nthaka yowonjezera yachonde, ndi loweta pansi. Peyala imakula bwino pamtunda wolemera ndi wamchenga;
- siteti iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yowonongeka;
- Ngati n'kotheka, sankhani malo otsika pa tsamba kuchokera kumadzulo kapena kumwera chakumadzulo.
Malo okonzekera
Musanabzalale mapeyala, m'pofunika kuchita ntchito yokonzekera, yomwe ingathandize mbande kuti ikhale mizu m'malo atsopano. 
Zili ndi magawo angapo:
- chifukwa dzenje lakudula limakonzedwera mwezi, komanso kwa kasupe - kuyambira kugwa. Kukula kwake kumadalira msinkhu wa mmera - zaka zowonjezera zimafunika kuya kwa mamita 0.5, ana a zaka ziwiri mpaka mamita 0.7. Kutalika kwa dzenje kumakhala koyenera kumalo a mizu;
- Mtengo wamatabwa umathamangitsidwa pakati, ndikuyenda pamwamba pa nthaka mamita 0.5 mamita. Adzakhala akuthandizira za sapling zamtsogolo;
- Manyowa amaphatikizidwa pansi - ammonium nitrate ndi superphosphate mpaka makilogalamu awiri palimodzi (ngati feteleza ali mu granules, muyenera kutenga kilogalamu imodzi). Timakumbukira zinthu zakuthupi - osati ma kilogalamu 10. Ngati dzenje likukonzedwa pa dothi la mchenga, muyenera kupanga chidebe cha peat;
- 60% ya pamwamba ndi nthaka yachonde, kuti mizu isagwirizane ndi feteleza.
Ndikofunikira! Manyowa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira kawirikawiri, monga overdose angapangitse mizu kuyaka ndipo mbewuyo idzafa.
Malangizo ndi ndondomeko ya kubzala mbande
Ndi bwino kupanga njirayi palimodzi - imapangitsa sapling kuti iwonongeke, ndipo ina imachita ntchito zonse. Njira yobzala mapeyala ndi iyi:
- Pamtengo wapatali mizu imadulidwa ndi pruner wambiri ndipo imamizidwa kwa mphindi zochepa mudothi wothirira madzi kuti asamalowe bwino;
- Pakatikatikati mwa dzenje, kamtengo kakang'ono kamapangidwa, komwe kamera kameneka kamakonzedwera, makamaka kuchokera kumpoto kwa chithandizo chamkati;
- Mizu imagawidwa mofanana mu dzenje popanda kupindika ndi kuphulika, kutsika pansi;
- Mosamala amatsanulira mu zigawo za nthaka yokonzedweratu, pang'ono kuigwedeza. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo pokhapokha kuwonjezera mmera kumagwedezeka, kukhala ndi malo ofunika. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muthe kuchotsa mpweya wa mpweya. Malo opatsirana katemera ayenera kukhala masentimita 4 pamwamba pa nthaka;
- Dzadzani dzenje ndi madzi kuti zizithake pansi. Pamene mtengo uwu umakhala pansi, ndipo muzu wa khosi umagwera pamtunda. Ichi ndi mfundo yoyenera kubzala;
- Kudulira kumachitika pa kutalika kwa mamita 0.8 kuti ukhale korona wa impso zomwe zakula bwino. Ngati pali mphukira pamtunda wa masentimita 50, iwo achotsedwa kwathunthu;
- Mtengo umangirizidwa ku chithandizo, ndipo thunthu la mtengo liyenera kuwonetsedwa kuti lisunge chinyezi.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mizu yodulidwa molakwika musanabzala, mtengowo umapweteka kwa nthawi yaitali ndikukhazikika mu malo atsopano. Mu mbeu imodzi ya chaka, mizu yambiri imadulidwa kufika mamita awiri, okwana milimita 4. Njirayi imalola mizu kuti imve mwamsanga madzi ndi zakudya.
Zosamalidwa za nyengo za nyengo
Aliyense amene amamera mitengo ya pepala ya Winter Winter ku chiwembu mwina akufuna kuti azikolola zochuluka. Ntchito yamakono pa izi iyenera kukhala:
- posamalira nthaka;
- mu feteleza panthaŵi yake ndi feteleza;
- mu ntchito zoteteza;
- mu kapangidwe ka korona wa mitengo;
- kuwakonzekera m'nyengo yozizira.
Kusamalira dothi
Popeza peyala imeneyi ndi yozizira, madzi ambiri safunikira, koma chilala sichipindula.
Kuthirira mitengo yaying'ono n'kofunika masiku onse 8-10, kutsanulira mpaka 15 malita a madzi pansi pazu. Kwa zomera zazikulu, njirayi imapangidwa kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi kuwonjezera kwa 30 malita a madzi mu tsinde. Zipatso zikayamba kucha, kuthirira zimasiya kusanako.
Ntchito izi zimachitika madzulo, ndipo tsiku lotsatira, kuti dothi lozungulira mitengo lisaswe, liyenera kumasulidwa. Njira zoterezo zimangotsegulira mpweya wa oxygen ku mizu, komanso zimakutulutsani kuchotsa namsongole omwe amapezeka pamitengo ya mitengo.
Dzidziwe nokha ndi kulima mapeyala: Otradnenskaya, Lada, Fairy Tale, Veles, Rogneda, Nika, Talgar Kukongola, Duchesha, Petrovskaya, Severyanka, Avgustovskaya mame, Kokin, Bryansk Kukongola, Thumbelina, Hera, Zokondedwa za Klapp, Marble, Chikondi.
Pofuna kuteteza chinyezi mofulumira kuchokera pansi, nthaka ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti imitseke. Monga nkhono, mungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zilizonse, monga peat kapena utuchi, kuziyika pamtunda wa masentimita 10.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kukula bwino ndi mtengo wa fruiting kumafunikira feteleza. 
Ngati masambawo anayamba kutembenukira chikasu, chipatsochi chinayamba kugwa, ndipo peyalayo inasiya kukula - imangokhala ndi nayitrogeni. Chipatso cha masamba sichimawumbidwa bwino, ndipo, motero, palibe mapeyala - mtengo ulibe phosphorous. Kukula kwapopopera kwapachaka ponseponse - potaziyamu ndilofunika kutero.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yaing'ono imadyetsedwa kokha ndi nayitrogeni feteleza, ndipo idabzala mbande kwa zaka ziwiri sizikusowa chakudya china.Feteleza amafunika:
- Kumayambiriro kwa masika, urea iyenera kuchitidwa ndi urea yankho. Ngati pazifukwa zina izi sizinachitike, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito nitrogen feteleza kunthaka. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la urea (pa 10 malita a madzi, 600 magalamu a mankhwala), saltpeter (30 magalamu pa 1 mita imodzi) kapena yankho la nkhuku manyowa (1:20);
- mutatha maluwa mu May organic organic amayamba mu nthaka kuti masentimita 10 masentimita. Mukhoza kuwongolera yankho la nitroammofoski mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 200 - 30 malita pansi pa mtengo. Kudyetsa koteroko kudzafulumizitsa nyengo yowonjezera ndikukweza ubwino wa zipatso zamtsogolo.
- kumapeto kwa June, mankhwala opangidwa ndi foliar ndi feteleza omwe ali ndi feteleza ndizofunikira;
- mu July, mankhwala ena oterowo, ndipo patatha masiku khumi ndi atatu kuti apeze mitengo ya fruiting, phosphorus-potassium zowonjezera zimayikidwa pansi pamtengo;
- mpaka theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa September, mukhoza kutsanulira njira yothetsera urea (monga masika pamtengo wopanda kanthu). Mu kugwa, kokha mchere wamchere feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka. Chitsanzo cha yankho ndi supuni ya potaziyamu chloride ndi makapu awiri a superphosphate pa chidebe cha madzi. Mbewu zazing'ono zimadyetsedwa nkhuni phulusa pofukula pamtunda wa 130 magalamu pa mita imodzi.
Kupewa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kupopera mbewu kuchokera ku matenda ndi kuwuka tizilombo kumaphatikizidwa ndi kudya koyamba, komwe kumachitika pa mtengo wopanda. Ngati impso ziri zotupa, carbamide akhoza kuwotcha, ndipo amafa - ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito biologics yokonzekera monga Fitoverma, Akarina ndi ena. Poonjezera kukana kwa mtengo kuti zisawononge zinthu, zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka popopera mankhwala ndi "Zircon" kapena "Ecoberin".
Kugwa, mitengo imayenera kutetezedwa ku mphutsi za mbozi, zomwe zimabisala kuzizira ming'alu yomwe ilibe mdima. Zomera ndi nthaka kuzungulira mitengo ikuluikulu zimayambitsidwa ndi yankho la "Nitrofen" kapena limodzi la magawo Bordeaux osakaniza. Mu kasupe ndi m'dzinja, kuyera koyera kwa mitengo ya mtengo ndi mandimu ndilololedwa.
Kupanga korona ndi korona
Kukolola korona mu mawonekedwe a piramidi kumatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri. Fomu iyi iyenera kupangidwa, kuyambira chaka chachiwiri cha moyo wa zomera. 
Njirazi zikuchitika motere:
- mutabzala mbande, yang'anani nthambi za chigoba, ena onse achotsedwa. Wotsogolera wamkulu amadulidwa kwa wina wachinayi kutalika ndi kuyeretsa bwino njira zomwe zili pansi pa nthambi yoyamba ya nthambi;
- M'chaka chachiwiri m'nyengo ya masika, thunthu limadulidwa ndi masentimita 20, ndipo nthambi za chigoba zimadulidwa ndi masentimita asanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri ndikuzitambasula ndi chingwe, kotero kuti malingaliro ake ndi 60 °. Pakhale nthambi zazikulu ziwiri pa nthambi zazikulu;
- Masika onse, kudulira mwaukhondo kwa nthambi kumachitika, kuchotsa mpikisano wampikisano ukukula mozungulira mkati mwa korona, intersecting ndi wosweka. Kukula kwa chaka chatha kudulidwa ku 1/3 ya kutalika;
- mu kugwa, iwo amadula masamba owuma, osweka ndi owopsa. Zigawo zazikulu nthawi yomweyo zimachiritsidwa ndi phula la munda.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene kudulira mitengo ya peyala imayenera kugwiritsa ntchito makwerero, chifukwa nthambi za zomera zimakhala zofooka kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuswa.
Chitetezo ku chimfine ndi makoswe
Popeza peyala imeneyi ndi yopanda chisanu, mitengo imasowa malo ogonera, koma makungwa a mitengo ndi chakudya cha makoswe ndi hares. Choncho, pofuna kuteteza izo, m'pofunika kumangiriza thunthu pamtunda wa mamita 1 ndi cordon wandiweyani kapena nsalu, yomwe idagwidwa ndi rodent. 
Achinyamata amafunika kuika nthambi zowonjezereka ndi kukulunga mwamphamvu, kudzakhala chitetezo chodalirika osati kwa chirombo, komanso ku chisanu. Dothi ladothi lozungulira thunthulo liyenera kupanikizidwa kapena kuponyedwa ndi wosanjikiza wa masentimita 15. Pambuyo pa chisanu, mumayenera kuzijambula pamtengowu kuti mupange chisanu.
Mukudziwa? Machiritso a mapeyala ankadziwika zaka 5,000 zapitazo ndipo tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuchipatala kuti athetse kutentha, ndi ululu wa m'mimba, monga diuretic.
Zodziŵika ndi mapeyala ngati "Kyrgyz Winter", mungathe kubzala bwino izi pa tsamba lanu. Mitengo sikudzabweretsa mavuto ambiri mu chisamaliro cha nyengo. Ngati mupanga feteleza panthawi yake, madzi, chitani chithandizo choteteza ku tizirombo, mbeu yaikulu imatsimikiziridwa. Popeza mapeyala amasungidwa bwino, mudzakhala ndi zipatso patebulo mpaka pakati pa masika.
