Maluwa a ku China akhala akudabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kodabwitsa. Kuwala, masamba okongola kwabweza mitima ya anthu ambiri. Choncho, zikuwonjezeka kukhala zokongoletsera osati nyumba zokha, komanso maofesi, ndipo posakhalitsa maluwa a ku China akhala akubzala m'munda.
Kufotokozera
Chimina chokwera kapena hibiscus, monga amatchedwa, anawonekera ku Ulaya m'zaka za zana la XIX, pomwe maluwawo ankawoneka m'minda yamaluwa. Hibiscus idatchuka kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, pamene chomeracho chinayamba kuonekera m'nyumba ndipo chimakula maluwa.
Mudziko muli mitundu yoposa 300 ya duwa ili. Zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa perfumery ndi kuphika. Ntchito yotchuka ya hibiscus pakuphika ndi tiyi yodziŵika kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa a hibiscus ndi chizindikiro cha dziko la South Korea ndipo akuwonetsedwa pa chizindikiro cha dziko lino.
Anthu a hibiscus ankatcha "maluwa a imfa." Pali lingaliro lakuti chomerachi chingasokoneze moyo wa munthu ndikusankha umoyo wake. Koma ngakhale atatchulidwanso dzina loopsya, ambiri okonda maluwa okongola ndi okongola okondwera amakula chomera ichi kunyumba.
Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chowerenga chifukwa chake hibiscus imatchedwa duwa la imfa.
Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri ya zomera. Hibiscus imabwera ngati mawonekedwe a mtengo, shrub ndi udzu. Maluwa osatha akhoza kukhala ndi zaka 30, pamene akufika mamita awiri.
Hibiscus maluwa ndi zazikulu, zooneka ngati maluwa. Kawirikawiri mumatha kuona masamba ofiira kapena ofiira amaluwa, nthawi zonse kapena matry, malingana ndi mtundu wa zomera. Masamba a Hibiscus ankanena za mapeto, ofanana kwambiri ndi birch. Choncho, korona wa mtengo kapena shrub amawoneka okongola kwambiri. 
Tikufika
Hibiscus ndi chomera cha thermophilic ndipo sichilola kuzizira kwambiri. Chikhalidwe cha dera lanu chiyenera kuganiziridwa pamene mutabzala pa tsamba. Pali njira ina yowonjezerapo: kudzala duwa m'phika lalikulu ndi kubweretsa mnyumbamo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yoyamba yozizira. Mwinanso, mungathe kufika pa tsamba la Syria la hibiscus, lomwe likulimbana ndi chisanu ndi kuzizira.
Monga grass hibiscus, Mallow, Maldacea, Lavathera, Cotton, Abutilone, Castor Bean, Stockrose, Althaea Medicinal amakhalanso ndi banja la Malvaceae.
Musanabzala mbewu muyenera kudziwa malo ake, zimadalira momwe hibiscus idzathere. Pogwiritsa ntchito malo abwino, duwa limatha kumera pamalo amodzi osapitirira mpaka zaka 20.
Kulima tiyi kukhale kotentha kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene nyengo ya chisanu idzadutsa, kotero kuti chomeracho chikhazikitse ndikukula mu chilimwe. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yobzala maluwa ndi nthaka. 
Kawirikawiri, gawo lokonzedwa lokonzekera limagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala ndi kuika hibiscus, yomwe ili ndi zakudya zonse zofunika.
N'zotheka kukonzekera chisakanizocho nokha, muzolemba zake ziyenera kukhala:
- sod, masamba ndi coniferous lapansi;
- humus;
- mchenga;
- peat;
- mafuta ena.
Kuti tiyi ikhale ndi mizu, acidity ya nthaka sayenera kulowerera ndale, ngakhale kuti kusintha kwalo kumaloledwa.
Ndikofunikira! Chomera chokwera kwambiri kapena chochepa kwambiri, chomeracho chidzakhala chovuta kwambiri kuyamwa zakudya. Izi zingachititse matenda komanso ngakhale imfa ya mbewu.
Video: Kudyetsa rhizomes ya hibiscus yobiriwira
Dzenje la kubwereka kwa hibiscus liyenera kukhala 2 nthawi kukula kwa mizu yake. Pansi paziganizidwe, njerwa yamatala ikhale masentimita 15, pambuyo pake - mchenga wa masentimita 10, ndiye kompositi komanso mchenga.
Kuti mudzaze malo otsalawo, muyenera kusakaniza dothi lokhala ndi peat ndi mchenga, chinthu chofunikira: kusunga chiwerengero cha 2: 4: 1. Pambuyo pokonzekera dzenje, nyemba ziyenera kuikidwa motero kuti khosi la basal liri pamwamba pa nthaka.
Tikupempha kuti tidziŵe zinthu zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza za hibiscus.
Pogona tulo ndi madzi. Hibiscus imakhala bwino ndi maluwa a maluwa, kotero mukhoza kulima pakati pa duwa tchire. Kulima tiyi kuyenera kukhala kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, kotero kuti ali ndi nthawi yowonjezereka ndikuyendetsa nthaka.
Chisamaliro
Kuti hibiscus ikondwere ndi mitundu yake yowala, nkofunika osati kungoyima bwino, komanso kusamalira bwino. Kupaka zovala, kuthirira ndi kutenthetsa bwino ndizofunika kuti mukhale ndi maluwa abwino. 
Kuthirira
Kuthirira hibiscus kuyenera kukhala kozolowereka, koma musayiwale kuti nkofunikira kuchita zoterezi pamene dziko lapansili likulira. Ngati chilimwe chili kutentha, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka tsiku ndi tsiku. Musaiwale za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masamba.
Dziwani bwino maonekedwe a munda, Sybbi ndi Chine hibiscus.
M'chaka ndi chilimwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitika kangapo pa sabata, ngati chilimwe chili otentha, ndiye kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, komanso kuthirira, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitika tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ngati hibiscus ili m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika nthawi imodzi mu masiku atatu, chifukwa zipangizo zotentha zimakhudza zomera. Madzi okwanira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kutetezedwa. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Ngakhale hibiscus ndi chisamaliro chodziletsa, nthawi zina zomera sizimakula kwa nthawi yaitali. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti duwa silinalandire zinthu zofunikira pamtengo wokwanira. Kupaka zovala kumakhala kofunika kwambiri chifukwa kumakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyeza zakudya zonse ndikuthandizira kufulumira maluwa.
Pali mfundo zingapo zodyera hibiscus:
- Sichiyenera kuchitika kuposa 1-2 pa mwezi;
- Kudyetsa chomeracho chiyenera kukhala madzulo - ndiye kumatenga zakudya mofulumira;
- Kudyetsa bwino, maola awiri izi zisanachitike ziyenera kukhala madzi ambiri nthaka ndi madzi okhazikika.
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi kuyambira nthawi ya October mpaka March komanso kawiri kuchokera pa April mpaka September.
Mukhoza kudyetsa chomera pamodzi ndi organic ndi mineral feteleza: - Manyowa Ichi ndi feteleza chomera chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupifupi zomera zonse. Amadyetsa bwino nthaka, koma muyenera kukumbukira mfundo zina. Simungathe kudyetsa nthaka ndi manyowa atsopano, ayenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono ndikukula. Dyetsani zomera ndi manyowa zingakhale kuyambira 1 chaka cha moyo.
- Peti piritsi. Njira ina yothandizira mankhwala. Amadyetsa nthaka bwino.
- Mchere wamchere - phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kukula kwake: 1: 2: 3. Kuti phosphorous isungidwe bwino, chakudya cha fupa n'chokwanira. Koma monga feteleza wabwino nayitrogeni adzakhala urea.
Mungagwiritsenso ntchito feteleza zovuta kuzitsamba kunyumba. Njira zosavuta zothandizira kuti mbewuyo ikhale yathanzi, ikufulumizitsa kukula kwake, ndipo posachedwa posachedwa masamba okongola adzakondweretsa maso anu.
Monga feteleza ovuta nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga "Tsitovit", "Master", "Mortar", "Crystal", "Kemira".
Kudulira
Kudulira ndi chimodzi mwa magawo ofunika mutabzala hibiscus. Zimapereka kokha kupatsa mawonekedwe oyenera ku chomera, komanso kuchotsa ofooka ndi odwala. Choncho, pewani njirayi sizothandiza. Mutabzala mbewu yaying'ono muyenera kufupikitsa nthambi zonse za nthambi ku mlingo wa masamba 2-3.
Komanso, kuyambira kale kuchokera mu February, nthambi zowonjezera ziyenera kudulidwa kuphungu, koma nthambi yaikulu iyenera kufupikitsidwa kufika pamtunda wa 5-6 masamba. Pambuyo pa hibiscus ikukula mpaka kutalika, mukhoza kupanga mawonekedwe a korona, kudula pamwamba pa thunthu ndi masamba onse osafunika. Onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera kukonza pakhomo pambuyo pa mapangidwe a korona, kuchotsani nthambi zofooka ndi zopweteka.
Mukudziwa? Kuti hibiscus iphuke, muyenera kudulira mwapadera: kumayambiriro kwa masika muyenera kuchepetsa kukula kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. Izi zidzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa maluwa.
Ngati hibiscus ikukula mosiyana kapena imodzi, muyenera kumupatsa mwayi wokhala korona wokongola. Choncho, kudulira mitengo yokalamba kumachitika. Kuti muchite izi, zatha kuchotsa nthambi zouma zakale, ndikufupikitsa zina mwa magawo atatu kuti mbeu ikhale "yopuma". 
Zima
Mitundu yambiri ya hibiscus - chisanu. Choncho, safunikanso kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Mitundu monga udzu ndi zitsamba ziyenera kudulidwa, kuthirira madzi ambiri, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa chisanakhale chisanu. Patangopita masiku ochepa, chomeracho chiyenera kutuluka.
Koma kuyambira November, zikhoza kuthekera kuti ayambe kuyandikira. Chomera chokonzekera bwino ndi nthaka zophimbidwa ndi utuchi ndi masamba owuma, kuti mulu wokwera kutali ndi 15 cm.
Koma tchire tating'ono tiyenera kuphimbidwa mosamala kwambiri, zingatheke m'njira zingapo:
- kuti agulire chitsamba chonse pansi ndikuchiphimba ndi nsalu yapadera yophimba, kenaka uziphimbe ndi polyethylene;
- kuzungulira ku chitsamba mungathe kuyika chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambapo ndi mfundo yapadera mu zigawo zingapo.
Video: Kukonzekera msipu wa hibiscus
Ndikofunikira! Hibiscus ndi yaitali kwambiri. Choncho, tiyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti tisawononge mwamsanga chomera chamoyo pa nthawi yokonzekera nyengo. chiwembu.
Njira zoberekera
Tchizi zimatha kufalikira m'njira zingapo:
- Cuttings. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino yofalitsa zomera m'chilimwe. Choncho, pa nthawi yokonza chitsamba kumapeto kwa maluwa muyenera kukonzekera cuttings. Pambuyo pake, amafunika kuchiritsidwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa ndikuyika mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi peat. Cuttings anazika miyezi yonse, ndiye ayenera kuikidwa mu miphika ndi chisakanizo chokhala ndi tsamba ndi sod, mchenga ndi peat. Mwamsanga pamene shrub ikuyamba kupanga, nthawi yomweyo muyenera kuziika pamalo okonzeka. Powasamalira bwino ndikutsatira malamulo onse, mitengo ya hibiscus ikhoza kuyamba pachimake chaka choyamba.
- Kusiyana kwa chitsamba. Njira imeneyi imaonedwa kuti ndi yophweka komanso yothandiza, chifukwa chomeracho chimakhalabe ndi makhalidwe ake onse. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kungoyamba kumanga chitsamba ndikuyeretsa mizu ya dziko lapansi. Mu njirayi, muzu waukulu umadulidwa, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti zisamawononge mizu yaing'ono. Kudula mwatsopano kumakonzedwa ndi phulusa kuti lisagwe. Pambuyo pake amamera chitsamba m'thumba lokonzekera. Pambuyo pothyola nthaka ndi chitsamba ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda.
Video: Kubzala udzu wa hibiscus pogawanitsa chitsamba
- Mbewu. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu Januwale, nthawi yomaliza ndi March. Zimadalira kukonzekera bwino momwe mbewu idzakhalire mizu:
- Musanafese, zimbani mbeu mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 45;
- ndiye mbeuyo iyenera kuwonongedwa mu nsalu yowonjezera yankho la Epin, poyambanso kufalitsa mu thumba la pulasitiki;
- Pomwe mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera, ziyenera kubzalidwa miphika yosiyana ya mchenga ndi peat. Miphika imeneyi iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi polyethylene ndikuyikidwa pamalo otentha ndi kutentha kosachepera kuposa +24 ° C. Ndikofunika kupatsa mbewu zowonongeka, komanso kuunikira kwina ngati zomera zikuyamba kutambasula;
- hibiscus ayenera kubzalidwa kumapeto kwa May, pamodzi ndi miphika.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Hibiscus sichititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma nthawi youma kwambiri ikhoza kugwidwa ndi kangaude, aphid, whitefly. Mungathe kulimbana ndi tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwalawa amachitidwa m'mawa kapena madzulo, asanamwe madziwo nthawi yoyenera. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti payenera kukhala zaka khumi pakati pa ntchito.
Matenda ambiri mu hibiscus ndi chlorosis. Matendawa amapezeka ndi masamba ogwa, pamene zatsopano zimabala chikasu. Chifukwa cha matendawa ndi kusowa kwachitsulo ndi nayitrogeni.
Choncho, pazifukwa zotero, muyenera kuyamba kumanga zomera ndi mineral chuma kuti muwonjezere mlingo wa zinthu zosowa. Hibiscus ndi chomera chodzichepetsa. Ndipo chisamaliro choyenera chimamulola iye kukhala moyo kwa zaka zambiri ndikukukondweretsani ndi mitundu yokongola, yowala.
Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti
