Momwe mungapangire vinyo woyera wouma kunyumba

Kupindula kwapakhomo kunyumba kumakhalabe kovuta. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zopangidwa ndi manja zidzakhala zabwino kuposa "shopu", koma ndondomeko yokhayo ndi yofunika kwa wina. Ndipo aliyense ali ndi zinsinsi zake ndi zokhoza kuti athandize kumwa zakumwa zabwino. Tiyeni tiyesere kufotokozera mwachidule zomwe takumana nazo pa chitsanzo cha vinyo woyera wouma omwe tikupanga.

Zopanga tokha vinyo wouma

Kuti apange vinyo wouma amagwiritsa ntchito mphesa zokha - shuga sichiwonjezeredwa. Ngakhale ngati chosowa chimenecho chimachitika, zomwe zili mu mankhwala omaliza sizidutsa 0,3%.

Kusiyanasiyana kwina kuchokera ku mizere ya mchere: Kuphatikiza pa shuga wotsika kwambiri, zipatsozo ziyenera kukhala zowonjezera pang'ono.

Pokumbukira "zipangizo zamakono" zimapezeka zakumwa ndi zakumwa zapakati pa 11-12%. Kukoma kwake kumasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ya mchere chifukwa cha zonunkhira komanso zosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa ndi osavuta kulowetsedwa ndi thupi. Opangira opangira amateur samakonda kwambiri zakumwa zoledzeretsa, powona kuti n'zovuta kupeza. Ngakhale makina awa samabisa njira iliyonse yapadera, monga momwe mungadziwonere nokha.

Chodziwika kwambiri cha mankhwala a mphesa ndi zoumba. Phunzirani momwe mungapangire zoumba kunyumba.

Kusankhidwa kwa mphesa

Vinyo woyera wonyezimira opangidwa ndi processing mphesa zakupsa za mitundu yowala. Onani kuti shuga lawo ndi 15-22%.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kucha kwa zipatso. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zipatso zazitsamba zimakhala ndi shuga pang'ono, ndipo kuthirira kwa mphodza kudzayenera kukonzedwa ndi shuga ochuluka kwambiri. Njirayi idzapita mofulumira, koma pomaliza, kumwa mowa kumayambitsa kutaya kwake. Ndiko kuti, vinyo wouma udzasandulika kukhala ngati chakudya.

Ndikofunikira! Mtundu wa nthaka umakhudza mwachindunji shuga wokhutira zipatso: mu mphesa zomwe zimakula pamchenga wamchenga, nthawi zonse zimakula kuposa zomera zomwe zabzala mu nthaka yakuda.

Ndi mitundu yanji yoyenera

Zakumwa zimalimbikitsidwa kukonzekera ku mizere, yomwe imadziwika ndi fungo labwino, kuphatikizapo kukoma mtima kosapirira. Zofunikira izi zimakwaniritsidwa bwino ndi mitundu monga:

• Aligote;
• Bianca;
• Viognier;
• Riesling;
• Sauvignon

Koma m'deralo ndiye kuti White Muscat ndi yaikulu, ndipo ambiri amateurs amagwira nawo ntchito. Zoonadi, phokoso lake lopweteka limakhala lofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera.

Onetsetsani mitundu yabwino kwambiri: oyambirira, zakudya, tebulo, zoyera, pinki, zakuda, zosasunthika, zopanda mphamvu komanso mphesa zamaluso.

Berry amafuna

Zipatso zokhazo ziyenera kukhala zangwiro. Nkhungu, kuwonongeka kwa makina ndi zizindikiro za matenda sizimatulutsidwa. Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito ku "mafinya" mwa mawonekedwe a mitsempha yoonda kwambiri pakhungu.

Zikuchitika kuti pamphesa ndi mawonekedwe ofiira a webusaiti: zipangizo zoterezi sizilinso zoyenera.

Zomwe zinachitikira winemakers kulabadira kukula kwa chipatso - mwachilendo lalikulu, monga makamaka zosiyanasiyana zipatso kuika pambali. Mwinamwake amatha kucha kapena madzi.

Kodi kuphika vinyo: kuphika kunyumba

Tikapeza momwe vinyo wonyezimira wouma amasiyana ndi zakumwa zina, timapereka kufotokozera njira yokonzekera. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zosonkhanitsa.

Berry kukonzekera

Masango oyenera amasonkhanitsidwa mu nyengo yowuma. Mitundu ikupangidwanso pano - zipatso zolema ndi zowonongeka zimagawanika. Ndi bwino kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo: posonkhanitsa zida zambiri, n'zosadabwitsa kuti zipatso zoterezi sizothandiza m'tsogolomu.

Werengani momwe mungasankhire mphesa ndi nthawi yanji.

Chonde dziwani - mutatha kusonkhanitsa zipatso musasambe (kuti musamatsutse yisiti). Mafuta otsala a particles adakali ochepa panthawi ya kukonza.

Ngati mvula imagwa kunja, ndi bwino kupewa kusonkhanitsa: madontho amatsuka zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimathandiza mphesa pamtenda pakhungu. Amanyazi ndi opundula - amatha kuyamba kuwonongeka.

Pambuyo pake, gawo loyamba la ntchito likuyamba, ndiko kulekana kwa zipatso kuchokera m'mapiri. Zipatso zokha zimang'ambika ndikuikidwa mu chidebe choyenera (mphika, chidebe kapena mbale yaikulu). Kulekanitsa zipatso kuchokera ku tchire. Njirayi imafuna nthawi ndi chisamaliro - zotsalira za "miyendo" siziyenera kulowa mu workpiece.

Chomeracho chimapangitsa kuti okosijeni asawonongeke. Madzi amadziwika ndipo amapeza mkwiyo. Zomwe zimatuluka sizikhala zouma, koma vinyo wamba wophika, kotero onetsetsani kuti mumalowa mu chidebe.

Ndikofunikira! Kudula masango, yang'anani ngati pali zizindikiro za tizilombo pa zipatso ndi maluwa. Zilonda zosadziŵika bwinozi zingakhale zovuta za matenda a fungal.

Kodi kuthyola zipatso

Anthu ambiri amasonyeza malo awa ndi zizindikiro kuchokera ku cinema, kumene alimi akukwera mumtambo waukulu ndikuphwanya mphesa zawo ndi mapazi awo. Zikuwoneka zodabwitsa, koma sizothandiza kwambiri, makamaka ngati zikuchitika m'nyumba.

Kunyumba, pali njira zingapo:

• processing processing. Kusambitsa manja ndi kuvala magolovesi a rubber, pitirizani kuchita. Pewani pang'onopang'ono, kusunga manja pafupi ndi pansi pa thanki pansi pa wort. Ngakhale kuti ndi zophweka, njirayi ndi yogwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zochepa (mpaka makilogalamu 15);
• mawotchi. Makina osindikizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito - miyala yamtengo wapatali yamatabwa yokhala ndi chogwirizanitsa ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi sitayi. Zipatso zimagona mu izo, ndipo chogulitsidwacho chikugwedezeka kupyolera mu kutsegulidwa kwapadera. Mwachidule komanso modalirika, utsiwu suuluka mofulumira;
• wotchuka ndi wothyola magetsi osakaniza. Ndi zophweka: ikani chosakaniza pansi pa mafuta (onetsetsani, kuyeretsa) pa kubowola ndi kufinya mphesa, kusinthana ndime zosavuta pansi ndi kayendetsedwe kazing'ono kuchokera pakati pa thanki kupita kumbali. Pa nthawi yomweyi, sungani zochepetsera zazing'ono kapena zazing'ono.

Mukhozanso kuthyola mphesa ndi khunyu.

Njira zonsezi zili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zonse ziwiri. Ndi njira yowonjezera, zonse zimveka bwino: ubwino wa zamkati zimaperekedwa mwa kusamalitsa mosamala.

Makina opita patsogolo amawongolera zinthu, koma ambiri amapewa izo, ndizomveka kuzindikira kuti ngati pali cholakwika muyeso, chipangizo ichi chimawononga mafupa (ndipo izi ndi kuphwanya teknoloji).

Komanso, chosakaniza amafuna kuchuluka kwa kukhudzidwa pamene akugwira ntchito yaikulu - manja amatha kutopa.

Mukudziwa? Kale ku Roma, vinyo ankawoneka ngati wambiri, komabe lamulo linkaletsa akazi kumwa.

Kutentha mafuta

Mbewu yatsopano imayang'anitsitsa kuti palibe zipatso zonse. Ngati awonetseratu, amathyoledwa ndi manja awo. Ntchito yina ikuchitika molingana ndi izi:

1. Mphungu imayikidwa mu chidebe ndi khosi lonse. (mwina chidebe chodzidzimutsa kapena poto) ndikuumiriza tsiku kutentha kwa + 18 ... +22. Tara ili ndi chigawo chachikulu. Panthawiyi, ambiri amavutika kwambiri, kutsanulira wort mu chidebe chotseka.
2. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, madzi amasiyanitsidwa ndi zamkati mwa kuwonetsera. Kuti muchite izi, tenga tiyi tolimba.
3. Madziwo amachotsedwa mu botolo ndi khosi lonse. (zamkati zimasiyidwa mu chidebe chosiyana - kenako ngakhale 50% ya madzi adzatsika kuchokera ku misa).
4. Pambuyo pake, zitsulozi zimatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi makina othamanga.. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito muchitetezo choyambitsa mphamvu, ndipo pamene ndondomekoyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri, magolovesi wamba amavala pakhosi. Pofuna kuteteza ingress ya mkati mkati, yikani chivindikiro ndi tepi.
5. Malipiro amaika pamalo otentha. Kuchotsa mphamvu kumatenga masiku 30-35.

Ndikofunikira! Matanki odzaza ndi madzi odzaza ndi madzi pa 2/3 ya voliyumu yonse.

Pambuyo podikira nthawi yoikidwiratu, vinyo wofufuta amachotsedwa ku dothi. Izi zimachitidwa mwaulemu akusefukira madzi.

Ngati pali zambiri zamkati zamkati, chubu losaoneka bwino limatengedwa - mphepo imodzi imayikidwa mu juzi, kuswa mchere wosakaniza, ndipo yachiwiri imatulutsidwa ku chidebe choyera.

Pamene iwo akusowa, botolo loyamba (limayimilira nthawi zonse) limapotozedwa modekha. Ndiye onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane madzi kuti adye. Uwu ndi mtundu wa choonadi: ngati chitsanzocho chikusonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa acidity, ndiye mphesa siziri zoyenera kupanga zakumwa zoyera.

Komanso, vinyo wokonzedwa bwino akhoza kukonzekera kuchokera: chokeberry, jamu, plums, maapulo, raspberries, wakuda currants ndi kuwuka pamakhala.

Koma izi siziri chifukwa chodandaula - mungathe kuchoka pazifukwa ziwiri:

• zovuta (kuwonjezera magalamu 150 a shuga 3 malita a vinyo). Ngakhale chakumwa chomwe chimapangidwa motere sichitengedwa kuti ndi "vinyo" wouma;
• pogwiritsa ntchito shuga wosokonezeka. Kwa makilogalamu 1 shuga mutenge 0,5 malita a madzi. Kusakaniza kumatenthedwa kufika madigiri 90, ndiyeno 3-4 g wa citric asidi akuwonjezeredwa. Zonsezi zophika kwa ola limodzi, ndipo zitatha kuzizira zimaphatikizidwa ku madzi m'magawo ang'onoang'ono (musaiwale kuti muzilawa).

Pambuyo pokonzanso kukoma kwake, zitsulozi zimakhala ndi galasi kapena chipata chosadziwika (madzi omwewo amalowetsedwa mu khola, mbali ina yomwe imayikidwa mu mtsuko wa madzi okwanira 1 - uwu ndi momwe mpweya wambiri umayendera) Tara anatumiza kuti ayambe kucha. Malo oyenerera ali m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba (komwe zidzatenga mwezi ku 12 ... +15 pa mwezi) kapena ngodya ndi 16 ... +18, zomwe zingatenge tsiku kapena awiri pang'ono.

Mukudziwa? Anthu opanga chipinda chamanja cha Germany akuwonjezereka kupanga chomwe chimatchedwa kuti vinyo wa vinyo - zakumwa zakumwa zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso zowonongeka pa mpesa.

Musaiwale kuyendera vinyo ndipo kamodzi pakatha masabata 1.5-2 kuchotsa dothi ndi kukwera mu chidebe choyera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kukoma kumayang'aniridwa. Chakumapeto kwa mweziwo pali mfundo ina yofunika yomwe ikuyenera kufotokozera.

Kugwedeza

Tartar ndi asidi yomwe imamangirira ndi kuika pansi ndi makoma a chidebecho. Zamakono zoterezi zimafanana ndi shuga particles kapena galasi yabwino yosweka. Zilibe vuto ndipo sizikukhudza kukoma. Ovomerezeka winemakers nthawi zambiri amawopa, koma pachabe - izi zikusonyeza ubwino wa zakumwa.

Kuonjezera kutayika kwa tartar, zitsulo ndi vinyo zimatumizidwa kumsana, poyamba kuvala galasi pamutu. Pambuyo pa masiku 20-30 kotsiriza kudzapangidwa. Inde, panthawiyi muyenera kuyang'ana mowa nthawi zonse, kuyang'ana mtundu wake. Tartar mwa mawonekedwe a sediment Pambuyo poonetsetsa kuti makinawo adatulukira kunja kwathunthu ndipo zigawo zatsopano sizinatsatire, mungathe kuchotsa potsirizira pake ndikuyamba kutsanulira vinyo.

Mukudziwa? Vinyo wakale kwambiri anali atakulungidwa mu 1300 BC. ku China. Choncho anapeza zomwe anazipeza ngati mabotolo awiri a akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale omwe anafufuzira mu China Xinyane.

Dulani ndi kudula

Vuto ndi mtundu wa chidebe cha zakumwa zotsirizidwa ziribe kanthu. Izi zingakhale mabotolo kapena mabotolo osiyana siyana. Ngakhale pali mndandanda wochepa pa nkhaniyi. Kwa vinyo watsopano womwe umathiridwa mu mabotolo, galasi lowala ndilobwino. Pulasitiki, yomwe tsopano imatchuka, imakhalanso yabwino, koma pano zonse zimadalira khalidwe - botolo limene linagulidwa lingachepetse pang'ono kukoma kwa zakumwa (mafakitale a fakitale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida nthawi zonse samatha). Pulagi yadzaza ndi kapu yowonongeka (mu botolo) kapena pogwiritsira ntchito mapulasitiki a oak.

Ndikofunikira! Mukatsanulira m'mabotolo a magalasi, zida zowuma ndi zotetezedwa m'magazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chochita ngati vinyo ali mitambo: njira zoyenera kuchepetsa

Mtundu wapachiyambi wa vinyo watsopano si wosiyana ndi wolemekezeka. Koma ndi zotheka - pazochitika zoterozo zothandiza kuthandizira kufotokozera.

Winemaker aliyense anganene kuti njira yachibadwa ndi yabwino. Ndondomekoyi ndi yaitali: botolo limalimbikitsira m'chipinda chapansi mpaka zaka 2 isanayambe kumwa zakumwa.

Ngakhale izi zili choncho, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi - njira iyi ngakhale madzi ovuta kwambiri amasinthidwa. Pali njira zina zowonjezereka komanso zofulumira. Ndili kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.

Bentonite

Bentonite (komanso kuyeretsedwa dothi) - amphamvu absorbent. M'masitolo a hardware amagulitsidwa ngati ufa wabwino. Luso la kufotokoza ndilo:

1. Dry bentonite imatsanulidwa ndi madzi ozizira (1:10) ndikukhazikika kwa maola 12. Kugwira ntchito ndi 1 lita imodzi ya vinyo kutenga 3 magalamu a dongo.
2. Panthawiyi, ufawo udzasanduka laimu. Zidasankhidwa powonjezera madzi.
3. Kusakaniza kumathiridwa mu botolo la vinyo mumtsinje wochepa.
4. Chidebe chotsekedwa chimaikidwa pambali kwa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu (7). Ndicho, ndi wokonzeka kudya.

Video: momwe bentonite imafotokozera vinyo

Mayi woyera

Mazira azungu amachitanso ntchito yabwino.:

1. Gawo la mapuloteni osakaniza madzi pang'ono akukwapulidwa mu thovu.
2. Njira yothetsera yowonjezera vinyo.
3. Kugwedeza chidebecho bwino, sungani chisindikizo cha madzi ndikutumiza kuchipinda kwa masabata 2-3.
4. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri ayenera kuthiridwa kuchokera ku dothi (izi ndi momwe zida zogwiritsira ntchito mapuloteni zimasankhidwa).

Video: Vinyo wa Protein Bleaching Wine

Mukudziwa? Nutritionists amati vinyo wotsekemera ndi wochuluka kwambiri.

Mlingo uwu (1/2 mapuloteni) wapangidwa kuti uzigwira 10-15 malita a vinyo. Ma lita 50 adzafuna azungu azungu zonse.

Gelatin

Njira yowonjezera yomwe sizingawonongeke.. Chiwongolero cha malita 10:

1. Gelatin (mpaka 2 g) imatsogoleredwa m'madzi ozizira. Chiwerengerocho chimadalira mtundu - chifukwa cha vinyo wamdima kwambiri omwe amatenga 1:10, pamene kuwala kumakhala kokwanira 1: 5. Nthawi yothetsera - maola 3.
2. Kenaka yonjezerani ndalama zofanana, koma mutenge nawo madzi otentha. Pambuyo kusanganikirana, mumapeza njira yotentha popanda mitsempha.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito chidebe "chokhala pakati" ndi vinyo, ntchitoyo imatsanulidwira mkati mwake mumitsinje yochepa, nthawi zonse.
4. Kenaka vinyo amatsanulira mu chidebe, chomwe chidzawunikiridwa. Pansi pa malo otsetsereka otsika ndipo pansi pake zidzatenga masiku 14-20.
5. Pomalizira, chirichonse chikuphatikiza ndi sediment.

Video: Kufotokozera gelatin kwa vinyo Anthu omwe sanachite zotere kumayambiriro kwenikweni akulangizidwa kuti atenge mabotolo angapo - onjezani 1 g ya gelatin imodzi, 1.5 ndi ina, ndi 2. mpaka lachitatu. oyenera kwambiri.

Mukudziwa? Chodabwitsa n'chakuti pakati pa kuchuluka kwa phobias ndiko mantha a vinyo. Amatchedwa oophobia.

Malamulo osungiramo vinyo wokonzedweratu

Malo abwino oti asungiramo vinyo yosungirako ndi owuma m'chipinda chapansi pa nthaka ndi mchere wambiri komanso kutentha kwake. Ngati tikulankhula za zikhalidwe zenizeni, apa ndi awa:

• kutentha mu + 10 ... +12 popanda madontho aatali;
• chinyezi cha dongosolo la 60-70%, osati kuposa;
• kufalitsa mpweya nthawi zonse pakati pa mabotolo;
• Vinyo woyera amaikidwa pamalo amodzi (kutali ndi mabokosi a masamba ndi alumali ndi kusungidwa). Izi ndizomwe zimalepheretsa kupezeka kwa nkhungu, yomwe imawonekera nthawi zonse pazogulitsa;
• kwa vinyo woyera ndikofunika kuchepetsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet (komanso magetsi).

Ndikofunikira! Vinyo salola kulemekezera nthawi yosungirako. Komanso, sayenera kusungidwa ku khitchini kwa nthawi yaitali.

Zikatero, zakumwa zimatha kusungidwa kwa zaka zisanu.

Mu nyumbayo, vinyo amasungidwa bwino kwambiri mu zotchedwa pansi pazenera mafiriji - zozizira pakhoma. M'nyumba ya chigawo chatsopano mulibe njira yotereyi, ndipo chidebecho chimayikidwa mu chingwe chochokera ku dzuŵa la dzuwa la khonde. Ena amagula ovens apadera.

Chinthu chachikulu ndikupanga mtendere wochulukirapo. Muyenera kusunthira mosayenera ndikugwedeza. Ngati malamulowa akutsatiridwa, masamulo amakhala zaka 2-3.

Malamulo a kumwa mowa wouma woyera

Vinyo uyu samangomaliza kukonza mapepala, koma amapindulanso thupi (ndithudi, pamalandiro abwino). Kuloledwa kwa tsiku ndi tsiku koyera zoyera kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 150 g. Mtundu wa vinyo uwu ndi wokondweretsa kuwonjezera pa nyama ndi nsomba. Fungo lake ndilophatikiza bwino ndi:

• nyama;
• mafuta ochepetsetsa ndi nyama yophika;
• squid, mussels ndi oysters;
• saladi wamba ndi nsomba za m'nyanja.

Kumwa vinyo wouma kumayanjananso ndi zina zazing'ono zamakono. Choncho, zoyera sizigwirizana ndi nsomba za mafuta, nyama ya nkhumba komanso zakudya zina ndi zonunkhira zambiri. Zomwezo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku zipatso za citrus - mandimu kapena magawo a malalanje amawononga kukoma kwa vinyo.

Tikupempha kuti tiphunzire zomwe zili zothandiza: viniga wa mphesa, nthanga za mphesa ndi tsamba la mphesa, komanso kuwerenga momwe angaphike - jisi, brandy ndi mphesa zowomba m'nyengo yozizira.

Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe zipangizo zimapanga vinyo woyera wouma kunyumba, ndipo ndi luso lanji la kupanga. Tikukhulupirira kuti, kudziwa zamatsengawa kudzakuthandizani kupeza chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi labwino. Zopambana mu ntchito yovutayi, koma yopanga!

Video: kuphika vinyo woyera wouma kunyumba kunyumba zitatu

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