Olima minda akuyang'anira kwambiri otchedwa Chinese nkhaka, omwe ali osiyana subspecies a nkhaka wamba. Izi ndi zodabwitsa zomera ndi makhalidwe abwino. Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi mudzaphunziranso za mitundu ina, yomwe imatchedwa "Chinese Farmer F1", ponena za ubwino wake ndi zovuta zake, komanso zokhudzana ndi zovuta komanso kulima.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Nkhuka zosakanizidwa "alimi a ku China" adapangidwa kuti azikhala pamalo osatsegula kapena mafilimu osakhalitsa, monga mungu wochokera ku njuchi. Zimasiyanitsa mphamvu, kukwera ndi kutalika tchire, zomwe zimapangidwa mu tsinde limodzi. Kutalika kumatha kufika mamita atatu, choncho, monga lamulo, amangirizidwa pa trellis.
Onani mitundu yambiri yamakono ndi yachilendo kwambiri.
Izi zosiyanasiyana zili ndi ubwino wambiri, monga:
- Kutuluka koyambirira.
- Zokolola zazikulu.
- Makhalidwe abwino ndi kuthekera.
- Kukaniza kusintha kwa nyengo.
- Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo.
- Universality of ntchito ya zipatso.
- Kukoma kwabwino ndi katundu wopindulitsa wa chipatso.
Wosakanizidwa ali ndi zovuta zake, zomwe:
- Mbewu yambiri imamera (mpaka 60%);
- Zitsamba zamphamvu zimafuna garter ndi kupanga.
- Zipatso zimakhala zozungulira ndipo zimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 45.
- Zelentsy akhoza kukhala zamzitini, ndipo sizinthu zonse za "Chinese" zimatha kudzitama.
- Zipatso za izi zosiyanasiyana zothandiza, zakudya ndi kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino gastronomic.
Ndikofunikira! Kulemba F1 m'magazi a mbewu za nkhaka amatanthauza kuti ali a hybrids.
Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala pakati pa nyengo, amadyera akhoza kukolola mkati mwa masiku 45-55 mutabzala. Ngati malamulo a agrotechnology amawonedwa, mpaka 30 makilogalamu a nkhaka amasonkhanitsidwa ku chitsamba chimodzi.
Zipatso ndizitali, zitsulo zamdima, zobiriwira zobiriwira, peel ndi yopyapyala, yowala, yopatsa. Mnofu ndi juiciness wodabwitsa, nsalu yotsekeka komanso kukoma kokoma kukoma. Kulemera kwa masamba ambiri wobiriwira akhoza kufika 300 g. 
Tikukudziwitsani kuti mudziwe zofunikira zowonjezera mitundu ina ya nkhaka zachi China: "Chitetezo cha Chitchaina", "Chizindikiro cha Chitchaina", "Kuthamanga kwa Emerald".
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Odziwa wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kugula mbande zomwe zili ndi masiku osachepera 30. Pa nthawiyi pa chomera china ayenera kukhala osachepera 2-3 masamba omwe amachokera, ndipo tsinde lalitali liyenera kukhala mkatikati mwa 50 cm, pamene kutalika kwa bwalo la masango liyenera kukhala osachepera 5 mm.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Dothi lodzala nkhaka za zosiyanasiyanazi ziyenera kukhala lotayirira ndipo zili ndi kuchuluka kwa humus. The acidity level ndi sing'anga.
Phunzirani momwe mungadziwire mlingo wa acidity wa nthaka panyumba.
Ndi bwino kuyamba kukonzekera malowo kuchokera m'dzinja - izi muyenera kusakaniza utuchi, kuzungulira nthaka ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 4 ndi kuwonjezera 200 g nkhuni phulusa ndi 15 g wa superphosphate iliyonse 10 kg ya nthaka osakaniza.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhaka ali osavomerezeka kuti abzalidwe pa dothi ndi mvula dothi.Okonzeratu abwino kwambiri pa izi ndi awa:
- tomato,
- nandolo
- mbatata zoyambirira
- chimanga.
Mavuto akukula
Katundu wa nkhaka ayenera kukhala dzuwa komanso mpweya wokwanira. Kuwombera kokha kumaloledwa, koma bwino mabedi amawunikira, olemerawo akukolola.
Nthaka imayenera kukonzedwa bwino, monga chinyezi chokhazikika chingayambitse matenda ndi maonekedwe a tizirombo.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba
Mofanana ndi nkhaka zina, alimi a ku China akhoza kukula kuti apange mbande - izi zidzathandizira kwambiri kukolola mbewu. Njirayi ndi yosiyana ndi yachizolowezi.
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Mbewu imayenera kukhala yotetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - chifukwa cha izi, mbewu zimasungidwa pang'onopang'ono njira ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 15-20, yosambitsidwa ndi madzi ndi zouma bwino. Pambuyo kuyanika, ndibwino kuti mupereke nyembazo ndi "Trichodermine".
Zokhudzana ndi malo
Mbewu za mbande zofesedwa osiyana miphika ya 10-12 cm masentimita ndi 12-14 masentimita mu msinkhu.
Pakuti kulima nkhaka za zosiyanasiyana ndikofunikira kutentha. Pambuyo mutabzala, zomera zimapereka kutentha kwapamwamba (mpaka 32 ° C) kuti zifulumizitse kutuluka kwa mphukira. Pambuyo pa mphukira zoyamba, zimasunthira ku dzuwa, mwachitsanzo, pawindo lawindo, ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala pakati pa 20-22 ° C.
Zokolola zapamwamba zingapezeke kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana: "Maluwa", "Wonse ali ndi nsanje", "Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaina", "Chikoka cha Puff", "Phoenix 640", "Paratunka", "Chigamba cha Siberia", "Amur f1", "Chi German" .
Njira yobzala mbewu
Mu mphika uliwonse wodzaza ndi thanzi, wothira nthaka, m'pofunika kukulitsa mbeu ziwiri ndi masentimita 1-1.5. 
Kenaka zidazo zimadzazidwa ndi filimu ndikuyika m'chipinda chofunda kwambiri, ndi kutentha kwa 30 ° C kufika 32 ° C. 
Mukudziwa? Chikondi cha Cleopatra cha nkhaka nthawi zina chikugwirizana ndi kukongola kwake kodabwitsa. Inde, sikutheka kunena izi kwa 100%, koma mfundo ndi yakuti azimayi a Chisilavo amadya zambiri zamasamba ndipo amadziwika chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo.
Kusamalira mmera
Mbande ayenera zosavuta zolimbitsa kutsirira, kawirikawiri wochulukira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kutentha mu chipinda chomwe chimakulira chiyenera kukhala 20-24 ° C.
Palibe njira zovuta zowonjezera zomwe zimafunika musanadzalemo poyera.
Kuwaza mbande pansi
Mitengo yaing'ono imabzalidwa pamabedi pamene kutentha kwa kunja kwa pakati pa 18-20 ° C. Pa mbande panthawiyi pakhale 2-3 masamba enieni, ndipo kutalika kwa tsinde ayenera kukhala 50 cm.
Zomera zimabzalidwa motsatira ndondomeko 20x25, ndikuzisuntha mofulumira kuchokera pamphika kupita ku mabedi pamodzi ndi nsalu yotchedwa earthy clod. 
Zisanayambe, udzu, pine makungwa kapena utuchi ziyenera kuikidwa m'mabowo obzala, izi zimapereka mpata wofunikira wa nthaka. Mbewu zapamwamba zokonzedwa ndi nthaka ndi kuika mulch ku utuchi ndi udzu.
Agrotechnics ikukula mbewu zowonekera
Kufesa mbewu mwachindunji pamabedi kumaonedwa kuti ndikopambana, kungathe kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa May. Kusiyana kokha kwa njira ya mmera ndikuti zomera zotere zimayamba kubereka zipatso patapita kanthawi.
Zochitika kunja
Malo oti chodzala ayenera kukhala dzuwa, otetezedwa ku mphepo ndi ma drafts. Mabedi ayenera kukhala komwe kulibe madzi apansi pafupi.
Njira yabwino - kubzalidwa mbeu m'mabisalati osakhalitsa. Zitha kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, ndipo pamene zomera zimakhala zolimba ndipo nyengo imakhala yolimba ndi yotentha, mutsegule filimuyi.
Njira yobzala mbewu pansi
Choncho, m'masiku oyambirira a May ndikofunika kupanga mabedi, omwe ayenera kukhala patali wa masentimita 30-35 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Nthawi yoteroyo ndi yofunikira kotero kuti panthawi ina zikhale zomveka zomanga mapesi aatali pa trellis.
VIDEO: MBEWU ZOPHUNZIRA ZA ZINTHU ZOPHUNZITSIRA ZOCHITIKA Mbewu imalowa mu groove 4 masentimita patali pamtunda wa masentimita 15-20. Ndipo pambuyo pa 2 masamba enieni amawonekera pazitsamba zazing'ono, amayenera kupatulidwa mwakuti kutalika pakati pa tchire ndi 30-35 masentimita.
Kuthirira
Zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa kawiri pa sabata ndipo makamaka kupopera ndi madzi kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi tsiku lina. Madzi okwanira ndi kupopera mbewu amayenera kutenthetsa dzuwa. Mvula yamvula, njira zamadzi zimachotsedwa. Ngati chilimwe chili otentha komanso chouma, sichiri chovomerezeka kuti chiwonjezere kukula kwa ulimi wothirira, kuthirira ulimi nthawi zambiri, mwachitsanzo, m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira
Pambuyo kuthirira ndi mvula ikatha, nthaka yozungulira nkhaka iyenera kumasulidwa kuti mpweya utha kuyenda mpaka ku mizu. Komanso, musamangokhalira kuyendetsa nthaka pamtunda, zomwe zingathandize kuti musunge chinyezi mu nyengo youma. Njira yovomerezeka ndi kupalira nthawi zonse m'mabedi a m'munda.
Masking
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe nthawi komanso chifukwa chopanga paskncracy.
Chitsamba chimafunika kupangidwa pamene chifika pamtunda wa 50 cm. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani njira zisanu zozunzikirapo pansi. Musanyalanyaze njirayi, popeza pasynkovanie ya panthaŵi yake imathandiza kuti pakhale maluwa achikazi pa chomera.
Belt girter
Chifukwa chakuti nkhaka zamasamba zazitalizi ndizitali, ziyenera kumangirizidwa. Apo ayi, zokolola, khalidwe ndi maonekedwe a chipatso chidzachepa. Zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa trellis ndi kutalika kwa mamita awiri ndikunyengerera kumangiriza tsinde kwa iyo ikafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50.
Mukudziwa? Nkhaka zatsopano ndi zowonongeka zinathandizira kumenyana ndi scurvy panthaŵi yomwe ntchito ya Christopher Columbus inkayendetsa ntchito, zomwe zinachititsa kuti apeze America.
Kupaka pamwamba
Alimi a nkhaka a ku China amamvera chakudya, choncho amachitidwa masiku 14 aliwonse. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito feteleza monga organic:
- zitowe za nkhuku
- manyowa ovunda ndi kompositi
- phula la nkhuni,
- peyala anyezi.
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Nkhumba zonse za "Chinese" zimagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Koma zokolola zolakwika kapena nyengo yoipa zingayambitse mavuto, choncho zomera zimayesedwa kawirikawiri kuti zisawononge matenda.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:
- Mame a Mealy - Zikuwoneka ngati mawonekedwe oyera kumbali ya zitsamba. Pofuna kuteteza kuchitika kwake, nkofunika kuthirira zomera molingana ndi chiwembu komanso kuti asamangowonjezera m'njira iliyonse.
- Mosaic - chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa ndi chikasu cha masamba, ndipo patapita kanthawi amayamba kupota. Ngati matendawa akuchitika, zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo nthaka iyenera kukhala yotetezedwa bwino.
- Anthracnose - Zizindikiro zake zikuluzikulu zimakhala ngati mabala a bulauni pamasamba ndi masamba obiriwira. Matendawa akhoza kutetezedwa mosavuta ngati zokololazo zimatetezedwa.
- Malo ochepa a tsamba - onetsetsani kuti matendawa amatha kukhala pamtunda wa masamba, komanso madontho achikasu pambali ya tsambalo. Mbewu yotetezera mitsempha imathandizanso kuti mutetezedwe.
Ndiponso, mavuto angathe kuchitika chifukwa cha maonekedwe a tizirombo zotsatirazi:
- Kangaude mite - Mutha kuwona maonekedwe ake pamabotolo ndi madontho pamasamba. Ndipo chachikulu chithandizo choyeso ndi nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa a mbewu ndi madzi ofunda.
- Ntchentche yoyera - kuwonetseredwa mwa mawonekedwe a kuyanika ndi blackening wa masamba. Kuteteza maonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandiza kuchepetsa kusambala namsongole.
- Gulu la Aphid - zizindikiro zikuluzikulu zakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tinayambira ndikupotoza masamba ndi tizilombo tambirimbiri kumtunda. Mukadzala anyezi ndi adyo pakati pa mabedi a nkhaka, vuto lidzatha.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Masango a alimi a ku China amasiyana ndi kukhazikika kwabwino, komanso, ali oyenerera kusungidwa. Ndibwino kuti musonkhanitse zomera zosungira tsiku ndi tsiku, m'mawa kapena madzulo, muziwathetsa mosamala kuchokera ku chitsamba ndi mpeni.
Ndikofunikira! Masamba a "Chinese" sawonjezereka, zomwe zimakhala zosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya zamasamba. Ngakhale mutatola masamba obiriwira patapita masiku angapo atatha kucha, adzakhalabe okongola ndipo sadzataya kukoma kwawo. Koma kuti musunge fecundity ya shrub, musaiwale kumwa madzi mochuluka mutatha kukolola.
Zipatso zokolola ziyenera kusungidwa mu firiji kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kuti zikhale zatsopano kwa milungu iwiri. Sambani nkhaka sizikusowa, chifukwa izi zikhoza kuchepetsa moyo wawo.
Phunzirani momwe mungasunge nkhaka m'nyengo yozizira.
Pambuyo pa masiku 14, pang'onopang'ono amasiya makhalidwe awo amtundu ndi kukhala osakongola maonekedwe. Choncho, ngati izo zakhala zokolola zochuluka ndipo sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito masamba onse kuti azidyera pa nthawi izi, ndibwino kuti muwasunge iwo.
Mavuto ndi malingaliro
Kuperewera kwa zakudya, komanso ulimi wosayenera, kungapangitse mavuto ena kukula "nkhaka zachi China". Ambiri mwa iwo ndi abscission ya masamba ndi zipatso, zomwe zingakwiyidwe chifukwa chosowa thandizo, kapena kuthirira madzi mochedwa. Choncho, m'pofunika kutsatira mosamala zotsutsana zonse zokhudza kubzala ndi kusamalira mbewu.
Tsopano mukudziwa kuti kukula kwa nkhaka zosalekeza, zokoma ndi zathanzi za ku China ndizosavuta komanso ngakhale wosadziwa zambiri. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malamulo ndi malingaliro okhudza kubzala ndi kusamalira iwo. Yesetsani kukulitsa iwo ndi kuwonetsa kukoma kwa Zelentsov izi zedi zedi.
