Kupindula kwenikweni kwa obereketsa ndi Serpanok mbatata zosiyanasiyana: kufotokoza, makhalidwe ndi zithunzi

Mitundu ya mbatata ya Serpanok inalengedwa ndi obereketsa Chiyukireniya ndipo idakonzedwa kulima m'minda yamakampani komanso m'minda.

Zosiyanasiyana zagonjetsa kudalira kwa ogula ndipo zafalitsidwa kwambiri m'mayiko osiyanasiyana - ku Ukraine konse, ku Belarus, ndi ku Central Central zigawo za Russia.

M'nkhani ino tidzakudziwitsani mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe Serpanok mbatata zimayimira, ndi chiyani chomwe chimapangidwira ndi zofunikira.

Kufotokozera za muzu

Chithunzi

Deta yapadera

Mbatata "Serpanok", kufotokoza za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi maonekedwe: amatanthauza patebulo lakukula msinkhu. Mipanga yokolola ya anthu 170 mpaka 215 pa hekitala. Maofesi olembetsa ovomerezeka - akuluakulu 314 pa hekitala. Kukumba koyamba kungatheke patsiku la 45 mutatha kumera, koma mbatata imatha kufika pachimake pamapeto pa nyengo yokula. Mmene mungamere mbatata oyambirira werengani pano.

Mukhoza kuyerekezera zokolola za mbatata za Serpanok ndi mitundu ina mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Tubers amatetezedwa ndi mawotchi owonongeka., zokolola zimasungidwa bwino. Tikukufotokozerani mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasunge mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, ndizoti, mungachite bwanji mabokosi.

Moyo wa bedi wa mbatata ya Serpanok ifika pa 94%. Mwina mutabzala tubers kawiri pachaka, koma zokolola zoyamba zimakhala zochuluka.

Chitsamba chokwera, chowongoka, chamkatikati. Nthambi sizowonongeka, zobiriwira minofu mapangidwe oyenera. Masamba ndi aakulu, obiriwira, ndi mapiri pang'ono.

Chomeracho chimakhala chophatikizana, chophatikizidwa kuchokera ku zazikulu zazikulu zamaluwa. Zipatso sizikumangiriridwa. Mizu yaying'ono, 10-15 mbatata yosankhidwa amapangidwa pansi pa tuber. Zosagulitsa malonda pang'ono kapena zoipitsa pang'ono.

Zofunika kwa agrotechnics muyezo woyenera wa mbatata zoyambirira. Tizilombo timabzala m'chaka, m'nthaka, zomwe zasungira madzi okwanira. Nthaka imamasulidwa mosamala ndipo imamera ndi humus Tikufika ikuchitika ndi akuya 10-12 masentimita.

Ndikofunika kuthirira madzi omwe amapezeka m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa nthawi ziwiri zimakhala zofunikira pomanga mapiri akuluakulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa namsongole. Kupaka pamwamba pa chifuniro, koma musagwiritse ntchito feteleza zamchere.

Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yomwe mungameretse mbatata ndi momwe mungachitire bwino mukadzala, werengani m'nkhani zosiyana za malo athu. Ndiponso onse za mbatata mulching.

Sakani chitetezo ku matenda ambiri Solanaceae: Khansa ya mbatata, nkhanambo, mavairasi osiyanasiyana, Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillia. Pansi pa zovuta, matendawa ndi golide kwambiri tsamba nematode n'zotheka. Pali ngozi yowonongeka kwa masamba kapena tubers.

Mbatata ili ndi kukoma kosangalatsa popanda kuuma kwambiri kapena madzi. Low acid content amaletsa tubers kuchokera otentha lotayirira. kapena kudetsedwa pamene kudula.

Mizu ya masamba imatha kuphikidwa lonse, yokazinga, yophika, yophikidwa. Pakuti mbatata yosenda si yabwino. Werengani komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito posungirako zinthu zowonongeka ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso ngati zingatheke mufiriji.

Chiyambi

Mitundu ya mbatata ya Serpanok inalengedwa ndi obereketsa Chiyukireniya. Mbatata adapeza powoloka 2 zipatso zoyambirira kucha - "Minda" ndi "Romano". Woyambitsayo ndi UAAN (National Academy of Agrarian Sciences). Chiwerengerochi chabweretsedwa mu boma lolemba boma la Russian Federation mu 2008. Zokonzedwa ku madera akutali ndi kumpoto-kumadzulo, n'zotheka kukula m'madera ena ndi nyengo yozizira.

Kubzala m'mapulasi komanso kumapulasitiki apadera akulimbikitsidwa, ndizotheka kubzala m'minda yayikulu yamalonda. Mbatata yokolola yayitali, yosungidwa bwino, yoyenera kugulitsa kapena kugulitsa.

Kukhoza kusunga bwino ndi khalidwe lofunika kwambiri la mbatata. Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza khalidwe ili mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:

• bwino tuber kukoma;
• zokolola zabwino;
• makhalidwe abwino a tubers;
• kulekerera kwa chilala;
• kusowa chisamaliro;
• kuthekera kwa kusungirako nthawi yaitali;
• mbewu zakuthupi sizingatheke kuwonongeka;
• kukana matenda ena.

Zowonongeka zikuphatikizapo kuthekera kwa matenda ndi nematode. kapena kuwonongeka kochedwa, komanso kumvetsetsa kwa nthaka. M'nyengo yotentha, tubers zimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Mbatata ndi yoyamba kucha, malingana ndi dera, akhoza kubzalidwa kumapeto kwa March, April kapena May. Mukangoyamba kumene, mukhoza kutenga mbewu ziwiri pachaka. Chofunika chodzala - nthaka yotentha kufika madigiri 10 Celsius, yosunga chinyezi chabwino. Tubers amamera mwamsanga, samasowa kuthirira mobwerezabwereza.

Asanafike Mizu yokolola imathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena kulimbikitsa kukula. Mitundu yambiri yamkati ya tubers siidapweteke ndi tizirombo timasankhidwa kuti tibzalidwe. Zosagwirizana ndi zochepa zimakhala zosapindulitsa kwambiri, mizu ndi yosiyana ndi kukula kwake.

Pambuyo kuyanika, tubers zimamera mu chonyowa utuchi, njira iyi imathandiza kuti mofulumira ndi wochezeka maonekedwe a mphukira zamphamvu. Mbatata amakonda nthaka yochepa ndi mchenga wambiri kapena mdima wakuda. Kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino, humus imalowa m'nthaka. Phulusa la nkhuni limateteza kuteteza chinyezi komanso kuvunda.

Ndikofunika kuthirira tchire muzochitika za chilala. Chovala chovala chovala chimodzi chokha ndi superphosphate kapena madzi amchere. Zomera zimapereka zokolola, koma zingathandize kuti nitrate mu tubers.

Mukamera mbatata, mitundu yonse yamapiritsi imafunika nthawi zambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza nkhani zowonjezera za ubwino wogwiritsira ntchito fungicides ndi herbicides popanga mbatata.

Pamaso kuyeretsa tchire kudulidwa ku tchire. Izi zimathandiza kuti tubers kukula ndi kudzipezera zakudya zambiri. Pambuyo kukumba, tubers amaikidwa pa alumali kuti athe kuyanika.

Onaninso za kulima mbatata pansi pa udzu, m'matumba ndi mipiringidzo, komanso pulojekiti ya Dutch ndi njira zina.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Serpanok" kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda a tizilombo, khansara ya mbatata, wamba wamba. Poyamba kubzala ndi kukolola, tubers sichikumana ndi vuto lochedwa, komabe kulima kumawopsyeza.

Pachifukwa ichi, chodzala chimapangidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi zokonzekera zamkuwa. Pre-treatment of tubers ndi kutaya nthawi yomweyo nthaka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathandizanso. Nsonga zazing'ono zimakoka zosiyana tizirombo: Makoswe a Colorado, akicadas, nthata za akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba.

Polimbana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata kamathandizira mankhwala: Aktara, Corado, Regent, Commander, Prestige, Lightning, Tanrek, Apache, Taboo.

Ndikofunika kumasula mosamalitsa nthaka musanadzalemo, kuchotsa chomera chomera ndi zinthu zina zakunja zomwe zingakhale malo osungirako tizilombo.. Ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole mu nthawi yake, mzere wa mzere ukhoza kusungidwa udzu kapena udzu.

"Serpanok" - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imayesedwa nthawi zambiri, okondedwa ndi amalimi ambiri. Ndibwino kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zazikulu, ngakhale zokoma, zimatulutsa mofulumira ndipo zasungidwa bwino.

Pansi pa tebulo mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi nkhani za mitundu ya mbatata yakucha nthawi zosiyana: