N'chifukwa chiyani karoti ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono? Mmene mungamere masamba aakulu ndi okoma, mitundu yabwino ndi iti?

Zizindikiro zamtengo wapatali za kaloti ndi shuga wambiri, kukula kwakukulu komanso mawonekedwe.

Pofuna kukula sikaroti, yaikulu ndi yowonongeka, chiwembu chokonzekera dzuwa chimakonzedweratu pasanafike, ndipo fetashi ndi feteleza phosphate zimayambira mu kugwa. Amakumba mozama, amayala zitsulo, nthawi zina amawatsanulira m'mabedi a mchenga.

Pambuyo kufesa, samverani kuyenerera kwa ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza. Ndifunikanso kusankha kalasi yoyenera. Za izi ndi zina zambiri - m'nkhaniyi.

Mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe zimalima zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa mizu

Zotsatira za kaloti, zazing'ono komanso zopanda pake:

• Mwala waukulu kapena nthaka yadongo.
• Osavuta pH pansipa 5.5.
• Kusankha mitundu yolakwika - mmalo mwa F1, kufesa kaloti F2 ndi zizindikiro za mizu yakutchire.
• Kusasowa madzi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo.
• Kusanjikiza kosalala.
• Kuperewera kwa zofunika za mchere, makamaka potaziyamu.
• Kupanga zowonjezera zatsopano zamagetsi.
• Kuwonongeka kwa karoti kukuuluka pansi.
• Kukolola kochedwa.

Mukasankha kalasi, samalirani kusunga khalidwe. Kaloti kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako ndi otsika kulawa mitundu yofulumira kudya.

Chimene chimayambitsa shuga wotsika kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Mchere wa phosphoric umawonjezera kukula kwa shuga, potaziyamu imakhudza kukula kwa minofu ndi mapangidwe a zamkati. Kukoma kwa ndiwo zamasamba m'mayiko acidified kunachepa kwambiri.

Kusintha:

• Nthawi 1 mu 6-8 zaka zotsitsa malo.
• Wood phulusa amawonjezeka pamene kukumba 0,5-1.2 makilogalamu pa 1 m2.

Chenjerani! Kukolola kochedwa pazu kumachepetsa kukoma ndi masamba akhoza kulawa.

N'chifukwa chiyani karoti m'munda amakhala ochepa?

Karoti amakonda mofatsa, amamasulidwa bwino komanso nthaka yochepa imakhala ndi mpweya wochuluka wokwanira. Mu nthaka yakuda kapena yolemera yakuda, kukula kwa muzu ndi kochepa kwambiri. Zomera zofuna mchere kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula.

Makamaka zimakhudza kukula:

• Manyowa a feteleza.
• Dothi lolemera losavomerezeka.
• Kutsika kwamtunda pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira kapena mvula.
• Kusamba kosadziwika.
• Kuyanika pansi.

Ndondomeko ya ndondomeko: momwe mungapangire izo zazikulu, zokoma ndi zamadzimadzi?

Taganizirani zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa karoti m'munda unakula, ndipo udakoma komanso wambiri. Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo agrotechnical..

Kusankha bwino malo ndi malo oyambirira

Kaloti amafunikira dzuŵa lalikulu kuti amange gawo la pamwamba ndi mizu. Mbewu zapamwamba - chimanga, mpendadzuwa monga oyandikana nawo amabzalidwa kumbali ya kumpoto kuti asapezeke.

Karoti amakula kwambiri pambuyo pa oterowo:

• Nkhaka.
• Nyemba.
• Akuwaza.
• Mbatata
• Wweramitsani
• Lentils
• Dzungu
• Tomato.

Thandizo! Ngati palibe mbewu za m'munda zofesedwa pamabedi, kaloti amabwereranso pabedi lomwelo pambuyo pa zaka 3-4.

Nthaŵi yabwino yofesa pamalo otseguka

Malamulo amadalira dera, nyengo, nyengo. Karoti yokoma, yofesedwa mu kugwa, komanso mitundu yoyambirira ya kubzala masika.

Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa nthaka

Kaloti akufuna kuti nthaka ikhale yovuta. Ndibwino kwa iye:

• Masangweji
• Loam
• Peatlands.

Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya nthaka n'kosavuta kukonza.:

1. Kuti muchite izi, perekani kasupe wa 1 m2 wa ndowa imodzi ya mchenga.
2. Iwo amachita kwambiri kukumba pa bayonet, kumasula ndi phula.

Nthaka yofiira komanso yowonjezereka imakhala, yaikulu mizu ikukula.

Mchenga ukhoza kufalikira pakati pa mizere, kuyendetsa mu nthaka pamene kumasula.

Mukhoza kufesa kaloti m'mabokosi a mabedi. Kuti achite izi, ali ndi nthaka yosakanikirana osakaniza:

• Nkhondo
• Mchenga
• Kompositi yakufa
• Peat.

Kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa nthaka ndi kukoma kwa kaloti kumathandiza sideratov kufesa:

• Msuwa
• Oats
• Phacelia

Kuphatikizana ndi nkhungu zosanjikiza mpaka masentimita 10 kumathandiza kwambiri kukulitsa

Chisamaliro chabwino

Potsatira malamulo a zaulimi akudalira makamaka kugulitsa kwa masamba ndi kukoma kwake:

M'mayiko ovuta omwe amapanga bwino:

• Sulani grooves mpaka 40 cm.
• Gawo la Humus-ash limagona.
• Bweretsani mbeu ya 1-2 zidutswa ndikuwaza.

Chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa ntchentche ntchentche, kukoma kwa masamba kumakhala kowawa, kukula kwa mizu kumachepetsa. Polimbana ndi tizirombo, fumbi la fodya limatsanuliridwa pakati pa mizere. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kupewa pamene kupatulira mbande.

Kuthirira

Mwezi woyamba mutabzala, madzi ndi ochuluka, kuti nthaka ilowetsedwe kwa 15-20 masentimita mozama. Nthawi zambiri kuthirira 2-3 nthawi pa sabata. Pang'onopang'ono mu masiku 40-45 kuchulukana ndi kuchulukira kumachepa.

Kupopera

Mmera wochuluka umafuna malo oti akule. Kupatulira kwa nthawi yake kumapangitsa kuti mizu ikhale yolimba. Mtunda woyenda bwino ndi 3-5 masentimita. Choyamba kupatulira kumachitika pamaso pa 1 tsamba loona.

Kudyetsa

Kuti karoti azikoma, mchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito popatsa.. Mukamayambitsa zinthu zakutchire - manyowa kapena kompositi, mapesi omwe ali pamwambawa amakula mofulumira, ndipo mizu yake imakhala yopanda kanthu, yosalala, yofiira komanso yowopsya. Kaloti amapita mpaka pamwamba, mizu imatulutsa ayodini zosasangalatsa kukoma.

Organic kuvala amathandiza kuti mabedi ndi awo oyambirira - maungu, mbatata, zukini.

Shuga wokhutira kaloti imakula ndi 30-50%:

• Phosphorus potash osakaniza.
• Mchere wa sodium
• Magnesium imathandizira.
• Boric acid.
• Phulusa la nkhuni, monga potaziyamu, boron, manganese.

Thandizo. Pogwiritsa ntchito manganese sulphate mu chiŵerengero cha madzi khumi kapena khumi, zomwe zili ndi shuga ndi carotene zawonjezeka.

Kutsekedwa mu August. Ngati karoti sali okoma, konzekerani yankho la boric acid powapopera mabedi mu chiŵerengero chotsatira:

• 2 tbsp. boron.
• 4 l. madzi.

Foliar kuvala ikuchitika kuchokera theka lachiwiri la August. Kawiri kaloti amadyetsa zovuta kupanga.

Ma feteleza amakonza yankho la zigawo zotsatirazi:

Yesetsani kuvala katatu pa nyengo:

• Yoyamba. Mu masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu (14) kuchokera pa nthawi yomwe ikuphukira mphukira.
• Chachiwiri ndi chachitatu. Masabata awiri mutha.

Chabwino imachulukitsa kugulitsa nkhuni phulusa. Analowetsa mu grooves mu mlingo wa 100 g pa 1 m2.

Kukolola koyenera

Kukolola muzu wa mbewu kumapita nyengo yamvula. Ndizosayenera kukumba mbeu mutatha mvula; zojambulazo zimatha, ziphulika. Zimakhala madzi ndipo zimataya kukoma.

Kenaka mungathe kuwona kanema yomwe ikufotokoza mobwerezabwereza momwe wamaluwa ayenera kukhalira ndikukula kaloti ndi zazikulu:

Mndandanda wa mitundu

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yokongola ya lalanje, shuga ndi thupi lakuda, kukula kwakukulu.

Chokoma kwambiri

• Dzino labwino. Zachidule. Kuchuluka kwake kulemera ndi 80-100 g. Maonekedwe kumapeto. Bonasi - kupha, kukolola, kukoma kwakukulu.
• Olympus. Mapamwamba a carotene ndi shuga. Imamera kutalika mpaka masentimita 22. Mtundu ndi wofiira-lalanje.
• Marmalade. Shuga wosakaniza ndi kucha m'mawu ambiri. Kulemera kwa 140-200 g.
• Caramel. Mnofu uli ndi shuga wambiri. Choyenera kwa ana ndi zakudya, mbatata yosenda ndi juisi. Kutalika mkatikati mwa 15-20 cm.
• Amsterdam. Zosiyanasiyana zoyambirira zoyambirira. Manyowawa ndi otentha, yowutsa mudyo, amawopsya. Kulemera kwa 140-200 g. Kutalika pafupifupi 20 cm.
• Nastena Slastena. Kukhalitsa kwa masiku 76-120. Mfundo yaikulu ndi yochepa. Kulemera kwa 80 mpaka 180 g
• Uchi ndi shuga. Wapamwamba-ololera wosakanizidwa wa sing'anga oyambirira kucha. Fomuyi ndi cylindrical. Ndi fungo lonunkhira komanso shuga wapamwamba.

Yaikulu ndi yaitali

• Chantenay Royal. Amakula mpaka mamita 18-20 m'litali. Kunenepa kumasiyanasiyana mkati mwa 0,2 makilogalamu. Ndibwino kuti musungidwe.
• Baltimore. Wosakanizidwa kuchokera ku gulu la Berlicum. Masamba a masamba 1 amafika 250 g ndipo ndi okwana -120 t / ha.
• Jerada. Yoyamba wosakanizidwa. Bweretsani mbewu mu masiku 90. Kulemera kwake 200-250 g, kutalika 25 masentimita, mamita 5-6 masentimita.
• Abaco. Kusasitsa patapita masiku 110. Kukula kwakukulu ndi 18-20 masentimita. Mphindi 4-6 masentimita.

Palibe amene amakonda kaloti ndi ululu ndi kukula kwake. Pofuna kukula maluwa okongola okongola, amafesa mbewu ndi mchenga ndi peat, otsika kunja, kumasula mzere wamkati. Dyetsani mmagulu angapo ndi zowonjezera mchere ndi zomwe zili ndi potassium, phosphorous, ndi boron.