Ahimenez - kukula ndi chisamaliro kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Achimenes (Achimenes) - chomera chamaluwa kuchokera kubanja la Gesneriaceae. Mu vivo amapezeka mawonekedwe a mipesa kapena zitsamba. Dziko la Achimenes ndi malo otentha a Central ndi South America. Duwa, lomwe limazolowera nyengo yotentha, yanyontho, likuwopa kutsika kutentha. Izi zikuwonekera ngakhale ndi dzina lake, kuyambira kale ku maziko achi Greek ndikutanthauza "kuwopa kuzizira."

Achimenes amakula kwambiri. Kukulitsa kunyumba ndikosavuta. Chitsamba mpaka 60 masentimita akuluakulu chimatha kupangidwa mu nthawi imodzi yokulira. Zomera zosatha zimaphuka ngati mafunde, ndikupanga maonekedwe abwino kwambiri kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka Seputembala. Zitatha izi, gawo lakumwambalo limafa, ndipo nthawi yamasika imaphukanso kuchokera ku nthangala.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatchera khutu ku mbewu zabwino zotere monga colia ndi saintpaulia.

Zothandiza katundu ndi kawopsedwe wa Achimenes

Ahimenez amasangalatsa diso osati maluwa owala ofanana ndi mabelu, komanso masamba osalala. Mbali yakutsogolo kwawo ndi yobiriwira kowoneka bwino, ndipo pansi ndikutuwa kofiyira. Kusinkhasinkha kwa maluwa oyambilira omwe anali ndi udzu wobiriwira bwino kumabweretsa chisangalalo chosayerekezeka. Tchire lodzikongoletsera lopaka maluwa limakongoletsa mkati. Ahimenez ndi mbewu yopanda poizoni yomwe siyimayambitsa chifuwa ndi kukwiya. Chifukwa chake, chitha kubzikika bwino panyumba.

Achimenes amasamalira kunyumba. Mwachidule

Chomera cham'malo otentha Achimenes kunyumba chimatha kudzulidwa ndi woyamba, atadziwa kale zokonda za maluwa kale:

Achimenes amasamalira kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Ma Achimenes opanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakondwera ndi maluwa ambiri komanso okhala ndi maluwa kwa zaka zambiri, ngati mumazungulira mosamala.

Maluwa achuma

Maluwa okongola kwambiri a Achimenes ndi amodzi okongola kwambiri. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka kumayambiliro a Novembala, maluwa okongola kwambiri onga mabelu amaonekera pazithunzi za masamba obiriwira obiriwira.

Amatha kukhala ochepa (mpaka 3 cm), apakati (pafupifupi 4 cm) ndi akulu (pafupifupi 5 cm); yosavuta kapena terry.

Pansi pazachilengedwe, Achimenes wamtundu wa violet amapezeka. Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amakula pachikhalidwe. Mu theka loyambirira la chilimwe, Achimenes amaphuka kwambiri. Maluwa amagwa mwachangu, koma atsopano amapezeka pomwepo.

Chifukwa chake, chitsamba nthawi zonse chimawoneka chanzeru. Maluwa osakwanira amayamba chifukwa cha:

• feteleza wa nayitrogeni kwambiri;
• kusowa kwa kuwala;
• mochedwa kudzutsidwa ku hibernation;
• matenda a fungal.

Kuthandiza mbewuyo kuthana ndi zovuta zotere, imakonzedwanso m'malo owala; manyowa ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu; Kuthana ndi fungicide, ngati pakufunika kutero.

Njira yotentha

M'nyengo yozizira, mkati mwa nyengo yovunda, Achimenes amasungidwa pa + 13 - 15 ° C, nthawi yonseyo pa + 20 ° C. Kusamalira Achimenes kunyumba kumafuna kuti muzitsatira izi kutentha. Ngati kwatentha chilimwe (kuchokera + 28 ° C), mtundu wa maluwa amatha kusintha modzidzimutsa, kukula kwawo kumachepa.

Kukula kwa kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira kumadzetsa kudzutsidwa kwa impso, mphukira ziyamba kuwonekera pasadakhale.

Kuwaza

Zomera zonse za banja la Gesneriaceae zimakonda kwambiri, kuposa 50%, chinyezi cha mpweya. Poterepa, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikovomerezeka. Mutha kuwaza mpweya wokhawokha kuzungulira Achimenes, ngati sikukuphuka panthawiyi. Kuti achulukitse chinyezi, poto wamaluwa amaikiratu pallet yonyowa ndi miyala yonyowa kapena chinyontho cha mpweya imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati nthawi yothirira madontho amadzi agwa mwangozi pamasamba, ayenera kunyowa nthawi yomweyo ndi nsalu yoyera.

Kuwala

Kuwala kosinthika bwino kumayenerera mbewu. Pazenera loyang'ana kum'mwera, Achimenes ali ndi nkhawa kuti matayala amdzuwa asayake. Pazenera lakumpoto, duwa limakhala lofooka komanso lalitali chifukwa chosowa kuwala. Duwa la Achimenes kunyumba limakula bwino pazenera loyang'ana kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo.

Kuthirira

Gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala lonyowa. Pakutha maluwa, Achimenes kunyumba amathiridwa madzi ofunda, ofunda kamodzi masiku atatu..

Ndikofunikira kuthirira ndendende komanso molondola, osataya madzi pamasamba. Ovala maluwa odziwa ntchito amayenera kuyamwa kuthira.

Madzi amathiridwa kuchokera poto. M'nyengo yozizira, Achimenes samamwetsa madzi, nthawi zina nthaka imathiridwa.

Poto wa Achimenes

Mizu ya Achimenes ili kumtunda kwa gawo lapansi, popanda kulowa mkati kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mphika wa Achimenes umasankhidwa kwambiri komanso wotsika. Ngati Achimenes atakula ngati chomera cham'mera, chomera chamaluwa chimakhala chabwino, kuyambira m'mphepete pomwe masamba obiriwira omwe amakhala ndi maluwa owoneka bwino adzatsika pamasewera okongola. Chilichonse chosankhidwa ndi Achimenes, mabowo okumba ayenera kupangidwira pansi kuti pasakhale chinyontho.

Dothi la Achimenes

Ahimenez amafunikira gawo lopanda michere ina yokhala ndi acidic acid. Nthaka ya Achimenes ikhoza kukonzedwa kunyumba nokha, mutatenga peat, mchenga (perlite) ndi humus m'malo ofanana (mutha kuwonjezera nthaka ya pepala ndi osakaniza chimodzimodzi). Dothi lokonzeka limasakanizika bwino komanso yokazinga kapena yowuma tsiku lisanabzalidwe. Mutha kugula gawo lapansi la senpole m'sitolo. Moss okhala ndi nkhungu, tchipisi ta njerwa ndi ufa wa malasha amawonjezedwa panthaka.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kupititsa patsogolo kusakhazikika kwa Achimenes ndikuwapatsa kukongoletsa kwambiri, kuvala ndi kuphatikiza umuna zimachitika ndi yankho lapadera la Gesnerievs kapena njira yodziwika bwino yamaluwa amkati. Zitha kusinthidwa ndi feteleza wa maluwa, okhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu yambiri.

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pomwe mphukira zoyambirira zimapangidwa, zimadyetsedwa kamodzi masiku 10. Mukukula - kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Okutobala - masiku 7 aliwonse. Pambuyo kuthirira kwamadzulo, Achimenes "amathandizidwa" ndi feteleza aliyense wothira madzi.

Achimenes kupatsira

Kuphatikizika kwa Achimenes kumachitika chaka chilichonse, kuyambira theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa February, pomwe duwa limayamba kudzuka kuchokera hibernation. Rhizome imachotsedwa gawo lapansi, zidutswa zowonongeka zimachotsedwa. Malo okumbiramo madzi amathiridwa pansi pamphika, ndipo nthaka yabwino idayikidwapo.

Pangani zofooka zazing'ono ndikuyika ma rhizomes (maina oyambira) pamenepo. Madzi kuchokera pansi, kuti asazame. Kuwaza ndi dothi pamwamba (1.5 cm). M'masabata awiri, mphukira zimawonekera. Kenako, kwa nthawi yoyamba, Achimenes amadyetsedwa.

Ngati mbewuyo yakula nthawi yamnyengo, imasunthidwa mosamala mumphika wina. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi ma Achimenes asanayambe kukonzekera hibernation - mpaka theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti.

Kodi kudulira achimenes?

Njira yayikulu yopangira chitsamba chokongola ndi maluwa ambiri ndikuidulira. Ndondomeko ikuchitika koyamba pomwe Achimenes amayamba zomerazo, ndipo zomaliza - panthawi yowoneka masamba - koyambirira kwa Meyi. Kudula malekezero a nthambi kumayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphukira zatsopano. Masamba ophatikizika kwambiri, masamba abwino amapezekanso. Tizidutswa tosanjika titha kuzika mizu.

Kodi ndizotheka kuchoka ku Achimenes osachoka patchuthi?

Ngati mukufuna kupita kutchuthi nyengo yachisanu kapena nthawi yophukira, simuyenera kuda nkhawa za duwa. Azinyamula nthawi yadzuwa. Ngati tchuthi chikukonzekera chilimwe, ndiye mu masabata awiri popanda kuthilira kutentha, mutha kutaya Achimenes. Chifukwa chake, asanachoke, eni ake amayenera kusamalira chinyontho m'nthaka. Masamba osatsegulidwa ndi gawo la masamba amadulidwa ku duwa kuti litulutse chinyezi chochepa. Thirani madzi ndikuyika m'malo ochepa opepuka (pansi).

Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa maluwa ndi duwa pachidebe chachikulu, kuyikapo chinyontho pakati pa khoma, kuyika dongosolo lonse papulasitiki ndi timiyulu tonyowa (kuti madzi ochokera pachikumbu asadzaze pansi mu dothi la maluwa kudzera mumtsinje wotsekera). Mutha kukonzekera kuthirira mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe.

Ahimenez m'nyengo yozizira. Nthawi yopumula

M'mikhalidwe yapadera muli Achimenes m'nyengo yozizira. Nthawi yokhala chete itha kupitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (izi zimatengera malo osungira ndi mtundu wa maluwa). Pambuyo maluwa, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Gawo lam'mwambalo liyenera kuti liume, pokhapokha limachotsedwa, ndipo ma rhizomes (mizu) amaikidwa kuti nthawi yozizira ikhale pa + 9 - 17 ° C Samachotsedwa mumphika, ndikusamutsira chipinda chofewa, chozizira, ndipo nthawi zina dothi limapopera.

Mutha kuyika ma colizomes mu thumba la pulasitiki loyenga ndi sphagnum kapena mchenga (mutha kuwonjezeranso fungicide mu mawonekedwe a ufa). Mu theka lachiwiri la February, mizu imayamba kumera. Ngati izi zinachitika kale, amayeretsedwa m'malo ozizira. Ngati ma rhizomes, m'malo mwake, akufunika kulumikizidwa, paketi pamodzi imayikidwa pafupi ndi kutentha.

Kufalikira kwa Achimenes

Kubwezeretsanso kwa Achimenes, monga onse Gesneriaceae, ndizotheka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Kukula Achimenes kuchokera ku mbewu

Mtunda wautali wa maluwa. Chakumapeto kwa February, mbewu zatsopano zimafesedwa mwapang'onopang'ono. Mutapopera dothi, chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi filimu (chimachotsedwa kuti kuthirira ndikutsitsa mbande). Mphukira zikaonekera pambuyo pa masabata 2, 5, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Masamba atatu akapangidwa, mbande zimabzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana. Ahimenez adzaphuka mchaka chimodzi.

Kufalikira kwa Achimenes ndi odulidwa

Njira yodziwika yodziwika yazomera zachilengedwe. Zodulidwa zimadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba, kutalika kwake komwe sikotsika masentimita 5. Mapepala am'munsi amachotsedwa ndikuyika madzi ofunda ndikuwonjezeranso ufa wa malasha. Mizu imawonekera pakatha masiku 10. Zodulidwa mizu zibzalidwe pansi. Itha kufalikira ndi masamba odulidwa. Tsamba limayikidwa m'nthaka yonyowa, yokutidwa ndi kanema. Mizu yake ikawoneka, imadzalidwa mumphika wosiyana. Pakatha miyezi yowerengeka, mphika amasinthidwa kukhala wokulirapo. Ngati masamba akuwonekera mchaka choyamba, ayenera kuduletseka: ntchito ya Achimenes panthawiyi ndikupanga rhizome.

Kubzala mbewu kumapangitsa kuti mbewu ikhale yachilengedwe, ndiye kuti siimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kusamalira mosamala chomera, chimatsatiridwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, monga zikuwonekera ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa:

• mawanga pamasamba a achimenes - kuchokera kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira kapena dzuwa lowonjezera (kuthirira kolondola, mitsani chomera);
• Maluwa a Achimenes amagwa mwachangu - kuwala kowonjezera (kukonzanso mthunzi);
• achimenes ndi opunduka, masamba a achimenes amagwa - kugonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo (gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo);
• masamba achikasu a Achimenes - kuchepa kwa photosynthesis chifukwa cha kuchepa kwachitsulo kapena kuthirira movutikira (kudyetsa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi chitsulo; kuteteza madzi akumwa, kuthira pansi ndi citric acid - 0,2 g pa lita imodzi yamadzi);
• masamba a bulauni ndi azipiringa - Kusintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha, zomwe zili mumalowo m'chipinda chofewa, chonyowa (pokonzanso malo owuma, otentha, otetezedwa pakusiyana ndi kutentha).

Achimenes nthawi zina amakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo: nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybug, kupindika, nthata za akangaude.

Mitundu ya Achimenes yakunyumba okhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

M'malo achilengedwe alipo mitundu 50 ya achimenes. Chiwerengero chenicheni cha mitundu yoberekedwa ndi obereketsa sichovuta kudziwa. Amadziwika kuti pokhapokha chifukwa cha mtundu wachipembedzo waku Romania S. Salib pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya Achimenes. Mitundu yonse yosakanizidwa inatengedwa pamitundu iwiri yoyambirira:

Achimenesakhulu

Tchire limakula mpaka masentimita 65. M'mphepete mwa masamba a pubescent "adakongoletsedwa" ndi mano oyera. Gawo lakumunsi lili ndi tint yofiyira. Kutalika kwa tsamba kumafika masentimita 10. M'makhwangwala a masamba, maluwa awiri ofiira amapangidwa, ali ndi chikwama ngati chotumphuka m'munsi mwa corolla. Zophatikiza ndi zotchuka: Paul Arnold (maluwa ndi ofiira owala, masamba amkuwa) ndi Kukongola Kochepa (maluwa ofiira a carmine).

Achimenes longiflora

Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi masentimita 35. Maluwa ofiirira a Oblong amapangidwa ndi 1 mu ax ax masamba. Kutalika kwa Corolla - mpaka 5 cm. Pubescent wobiriwira amawombera mofooka nthambi. Masamba odukiza amakhala ndi m'mphepete.

Ahimenez sikuti pachabe amatchedwa maluwa amatsenga. Chitsamba chachikulu kapena chowombera chobisalira, chotsika m'mphepete mwa malo ojambulapo maluwa, chimakhala chokongola kwambiri ndipo sichimasiyira wina aliyense chidwi.