Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani za kubzala mbewu za daikon pamalo omasuka ndi otetezedwa? Mbali za chisamaliro cha masamba

Daikon, wachibale wapamtima wa radish ndi radish, ali ndi makhalidwe ofunikira ndi azachilengedwe ofunika kwambiri omwe amagwira ntchito ya agrotechnical njira zolima.

Kodi ndi mitundu yanji ndi mawanga ndi momwe mungabzalitsire mizu mbewu ndi mbewu, tidzakambilaninso m'nkhaniyi. Tidzakulankhulani za maonekedwe omwe alimi akukula pakusamalira ndi kusamalira masambawa.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Zokolola zabwino kwambiri za daikon zimapangidwa pa nthaka yachonde yachonde ndi madzi akuya pansi. Kukolola bwino kumafuna kugwa kwachisanu ndi masika. Pa dothi lolemera kwambiri, mukhoza kupeza mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri, ngati mutabzala mitundu ndi mizu yosasunthika pamtunda - osati theka la kutalika kwake.

Pa nyengo yokula amathera madzi asanu ndi awiri.. Mbewu yothirira pa 10 mamita ndi 350 malita a madzi. Musanadzalemo, mbewu imathiridwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate - 0,2 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumachepera 60 peresenti, chitukuko cha mbewu zowonongeka chimachedwa - kupanga mapangidwe a nkhuni ndi kusonkhanitsa mkwiyo kumapangidwira.

Kugwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zina

Daikon akhoza kulima pambuyo pa chikhalidwe chilichonse, kupatula oimira banja la kabichi, omwe ali ndi matenda wamba ndi tizirombo. Otsogolera abwino kwambiri:

• mbatata;
• phwetekere;
• nkhaka;
• udzu winawake;
• saladi;
• dzungu.

Daikon ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi zikhalidwe zina. ndi kulikulitsa mu chomera chophwanyidwa. Zotsatira zoipa za Daikon pa zokolola za mbewu zina sizinawonedwe. Pamapiri a zitunda zapamwamba (35-40 cm) kubzala:

1. katsabola;
2. parsley;
3. turnips.

Pochita chikhalidwe, daikon imalimidwa mutatha kukolola:

• mbewu;
• masamba oyambirira;
• mbatata

Kulima masiku

Daikon anabzala pamalo otseguka m'zaka khumi za May, zaka khumi za June, 2 ndi 3 za July. Dothi lakunja limabzalidwa zaka khumi ndi zitatu za February.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi hybrids

Pakati pa kuswana, mitundu yoposa 700 ndi hybrids yakhazikitsidwa, yosiyana mofulumira, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chipatso, kumizidwa m'nthaka. Pakati pa dziko la Russia, mitundu ya greenhouses ikulimbikitsidwa - Sasha, chifukwa chotsegula:

• Dabwitsa;
• Chinjoka;
• Kaisara;
• Zosangalatsa;
• Minovasi;
• Mzinda wa Moscow.

Tchati Makhalidwe a mitundu ndi hybrids ya daikon

Mitundu yoyamba yakucha, monga Sasha, Barchonok, Rhinoceros, imafesedwa kawiri - mu April mu wowonjezera kutentha, mu nthaka yotseguka mu zaka khumi za July. Ambiri osagwirizana ndi tsvetushnosti Minovashi ndi Sasha.

Mbeu za Daikon zikhoza kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera kapena kuitanitsa m'masitolo a pa Intaneti. Mtengo wa 1 g wa mbewu ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg - malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka - kuchokera 16 rubles pa 1 g 1 g ya mbewu ili ndi zidutswa 90 mpaka 140.

Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu yazu?

Ku Ulaya, Japan radish imakula makamaka poyera. Kuti muthamangitse kucha, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito filimu kapena kutsekedwa.

Ndondomeko ya momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu pamalo otseguka:

1. Sankhani malo otetezedwa ku mphepo ndikuwunikiridwa ndi dzuwa.
2. Pambuyo polima ndi kukhwima, iwo amachita ulimi wothirira - akudula mizere yothirira ndikulola madziwo kudutsa mwa iwo. Mphukira ya namsongole, yomwe inkaonekera pambuyo pa kuthirira, kuwononga osaya kulima popanda kutembenuza gombe.
3. Pa 1 mamita, 500 g ya superphosphate ndi 250 g wa potaziyamu mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito yophukira, 300 g wa ammonium nitrate musanafesa komanso ngati kuvala. Manyowa a feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa chikhalidwe chammbuyo.
4. Kumalo otseguka, mbewuzo zimayikidwa mozama: 1-2 masentimita pa mineral dothi, 2-3 masentimita pa pegs nkhumba. Mu theka lachiwiri la July, mbewu zimabzalidwa kuti zikhale zokolola m'dzinja.
5. Pofuna kuteteza zomera kuti zisamangidwe, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 30 × 20 cm. Mizere inayi ya daikon imayikidwa pa mtunda wa 1.8 cm wokhala ndi chiwerengero cha mbeu 10-11 pa 1 m². Pa mtunda wa mamita 1.2, iwo amafesedwa mzere umodzi, wosiyana ndi 60-70 cm wina ndi mzake.
6. Mbewu imafesedwa njira yobereketsera - 2-3 mwabwino.
7. Pambuyo kufesa, nthaka imagwirizanitsidwa ndipo imayanjanitsidwa ndi peat kapena utuchi ndi masentimita 1.5 masentimita. Mphukira imawonekera kwa masiku 4-7.
8. Mu gawo 1-2 la masambawa zomera zamphamvu kwambiri zatsala, zina zonse zimachotsedwa kapena kuziikidwa kumalo a akufa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pangani chakudya choyamba, chachiwiri pambuyo pa masabata awiri.
9. M'nyengo yozizira, udzu ndi kumasula nthaka 2-3 nthawi pakati pa mizere: yoyambira kuya 14 masentimita, ndiye, kuti asawononge chipatso, mpaka pang'ono.
10. Kuyambira nthawi ya kupatulira, amadyetsedwa ndi organic kapena mineral supplements. Chovala choyamba choyamba kupatulira ndi kupopera mullein, kuchepetsedwa 1:10, ndi kuwonjezera 15 g wa urea pa 10 l ya yankho. Yachiwiri kudya pamene chiyambi cha kamwana kameneka - manyowa a nkhuku 1:15 ndi mphotho ya superphosphate (15 g pa 10 l ya yankho). Zovala zapamwamba ndi zovuta zowonjezera feteleza zimathandiza.

Mmene zimakhalira pansi pamalo otetezedwa:

1. Kufesa nthawi kutsekedwa:
   • Pakati pa 1 - 2 ndi 3 zaka khumi;
   • Mphindi 2 - zaka khumi ndi zitatu za February;
   • Zaka 3 - 2 ndi zaka khumi za March.

   Chokondweretsa kwambiri - gawo lachitatu la kufesa.

2. Kufesa mbewu kumapangidwa ndi manja ndi zidutswa 2-3 mubwino. Kufesa dongosolo - 45 × 25 masentimita.
3. Akuwombera udzu, panthawi imodzimodziyo kupatulira zomera, kuchoka kwambiri kwambiri.
4. Sungani kutentha: nthawi ya kumera - 12-15 ºC, mapangidwe a fetus - 15-18 ºC. Kutentha kwapakati pa mlengalenga mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi 60-65%.
5. Pakuyambitsa mizu, imakhala madzi okwanira nthawi zonse 20-25 ºC.
6. Pofika ku 85% ya zomera zowonjezera, matenda ndi owonongeka amachotsedwa.

Mbali za kukula kunyumba:

1. M'dzinja, kukumba kwadothi kumapangidwa - pafupifupi 30 cm. Asanayambe nyengo, nthaka imamasulidwa. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kapena imagwiritsa ntchito mlimi wamoto "Mole", yomwe imagwira nthaka mozama masentimita 35.
2. Kuyambira m'dzinja, dothi ladzazidwa ndi organic feteleza - 5-10 makilogalamu pa 1 m². Musanadzalemo, perekani nitrophore ya 1 m² 50 g kapena galasi la phulusa.
3. Pansi pa zochitika za Black Earth, mabedi amapangidwa 35-40 cm pamwamba.
4. Kumadera akuluakulu, mbewu zimaphimbidwa ndi dothi pogwiritsa ntchito podula, pang'onopang'ono tamped ndi madzi.
5. Ngakhale kuti nsonga zingathe kupirira dontho la kutentha mpaka 4 ºC, kubzala mukuyembekezerapo chisanu kuyenera kukumbidwa ndi zinthu zosavala kapena filimu.
6. Muzu wa masamba amayeretsa ndi foloki kapena kutulutsa ndi manja awo.

Ndikofunikira: Zosiyanasiyana Sasha, Dubinushka, Minovashi, Pink Shine Misato amapereka zipatso zabwino mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kuwonjezera pa kufesa mwachindunji mbewu, njira ya mmera imagwiritsidwa ntchito: pofika theka la mwezi wa March, mbewu za mitundu ndizitsamba zozungulira kapena zowonongeka zimabzalidwa muzitsulo zosachepera 10 cm zakuya. Pofika masamba a 3-4 woona woona, mbande zimagubudulidwa ndi clod ya dziko kupita kumalo osatha.

Mitundu ya chisamaliro cha masamba

• Pofuna kuteteza mbewu kuchokera kumtambo wa cruciferous, mbande ndi mungu wochokera ku madothi 3-4 nthawi ndi phulusa kapena fumbi kapena fodya ndi nthawi ya masiku 4-5 kapena yokutidwa ndi zipangizo zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Nthaka ya Daikon iyenera kuyesedwa kwambiri - mwinamwake, chovuta chirichonse pa kukula kwa muzu chimakhala chifukwa cha kupotuka kwa chipatso.
• Ma feteleza a feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo asanafesedwe kuchepetsa kuwonetsera kwa katundu - zipatso zopangidwa ndi zowonongeka zimapangidwa.
• Pamene longitude wa tsiku kuposa maola 15 mu daikon inachedwetsa mapangidwe a mizu.
• Poyamba kufesa, pamene tsiku lalitali likuphatikizidwa ndi kutsika kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, tsvetushnosti osachepera pamene anafesedwa mu June.
• Daikon akhoza kufesedwa osati kale kuposa zaka 4-5.

Wolefuka ndi wosakhwima mizu ya daikon amafunika kusamala mosamala. Ngati dothi lathandizidwa bwino, sopo kapena zipangizo zowonongeka sizidzafunikanso kuyeretsedwa. Kumapeto kwa July, pamene malo amamasulidwa kumunda wamunda, mukhoza kubzala mbewu za daikon m'mabedi opanda kanthu ndi kukolola zochuluka mu September.