Mitundu yambiri ndi zowonjezera za tsabola lokoma, zomwe zimakula m'madera athu, zinagwidwa kunja. Ndipo ambiri a iwo ali opindulitsa kwambiri.
Inde, amafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka, koma wamaluwawo sachita mantha. Koma ambiri a iwo amasankha mitundu yotere yomwe safuna kusamalira mosamala.
Zimakhala zovuta kusankha mitundu yabwino ya tsabola wokoma. Ndiponsotu, anthu amakonda zosiyana; wina amasankha zikhalidwe zachikasu, pamene ena amakonda ofiira. Wina amafunikira tsabola kwa saladi, ndipo kwa ena ndikofunikira kuti aziwomba kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Aliyense ali ndi zosiyana ndi malingaliro osiyana pa ntchito ya chikhalidwe ichi. Ndipo kuti muthe kusankha mitundu yabwino kwambiri payekha ndikofunika kuyesa ambiri a iwo.
Sankhani mitundu yabwino ya tsabola wotsekemera ku nyumba zawo zam'mlengalenga
Lero, okoma, osapitirira ndi okoma tsabola amakula mu Ukraine. Chikhalidwe chimenechi ndi masamba ofunikira kwambiri, omwe ali ndi mavitamini ambiri othandizira thupi la munthu. Chaka ndi chaka, amagwiritsa ntchito mahekitala 18,000 kuti azilima. malo, malo ambiri okhala ndi tsabola ali kumwera kwa dzikoli.
Tsabola iliyonse imathandiza m'njira yakeyi:
- Tsabola wobiriwira ali ndi zotsutsana ndi khansa.
- Tsabola wofiira ali ndi mkulu wa acorbic acid ndi vitamini A.
- Ndipo wobiriwira ndi wosiyana ndi abale ena omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chokwanira.
Tsabola wobiriwira "Wokondedwa wa Apurikoti", monga momwe aliri bwino kuposa ena
Chikondi cha Apricoti ndi tsabola zoyambirira kucha. Kukula kwake nyengo ndi zana kapena pang'ono kupitirira masiku zana.
Chitsamba cha chikhalidwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kamtunda kakang'ono kakang'ono ka 50 masentimita ndi kuphatikiza kwake. Chomera ndi choyenera kulima poyera ndi kutseka.
Chipatso cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Kuthamanga kwa apuloti" kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenera. Tsabola ndi yosavuta kukhudza, ndipo imakhala yowala pamaso.
Pakukolola kwake, imakhala ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira kapena zobiriwira, ndipo zipatso zokolola zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa lalanje kapena mtundu wa apurikoti. Mitengo yakupsa imadza kufika magalamu 150.
Zipatso zipse nthawi yomweyo. Makomawo si ochuluka kwambiri ndipo ali 7 mm. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito masamba kumbali iliyonse, koma zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera komanso kumalongeza.
Chikhalidwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi zokolola zake. Pa chitsamba chimodzi "Apricot mbuye" nthawi yomweyo imakula mpaka 20 perchin.
Maluso "Wokonda Apricot":
- Chizindikiro chofunikira ndi zokolola zabwino za mbeu.
- Chilengedwe chonse cha masambawa chimasonyeza mbali yabwino kwambiri ya tsabola.
- Zimasiyanitsa misala yake yaikulu.
- Kulimbana bwino ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
- Kukula kwakukulu ndi kugwirizana kwa mbeu kumatanthauza khalidwe labwino la chikhalidwe.
- Pepper "Wokondedwa wa apurikoti" amatanthauza mitundu yoyamba yakucha.
- Chikhalidwe chikhoza kulimbidwa poyera ndi kutseka.
- Kusiyana kwa nyengo sikumakhudza kukula, chitukuko ndi zokolola za mbewu.
- Makhalidwe abwino ndi kukoma kokoma kwa chikhalidwe.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti za "Agapovsky" lokoma tsabola?
Tsabola zosiyanasiyana zotsekemera ndi zosiyanasiyana zofiirira.
Nyengo yonse yokula imatenga miyezi inayi. Chomera chiri osati magawo aakulu kwambiriKoma mosasamala kanthu za izi, chitsamba chili ndi masamba osiyanasiyana.
Masamba ndi aakulu komanso amdima wobiriwira. Chomera ndi chimodzimodzi. Chitsamba chimakula mpaka pafupifupi 90 cm.
Kukula kwakukulu kwa tsabola ya Agapov ali ndi mawonekedwe a prism. Mafunde amaoneka pamwamba pa chikhalidwe. Kwa kumakhudza tsabola wokoma bwino. Malo a chipatso pa chitsamba akugwa.
Chikhalidwe cha peduncle sichida nkhawa. Chikhalidwe chili ndi zisa zinayi. Kulemera kwa tsabola umodzi ndi pafupi 125 magalamu. Khoma likhoza kukhala 9 mm wakuda. Chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi fungo lokoma kwambiri ndipo chimakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino.
Pepper ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso yochuluka. Mtundu wa chipatso pa nyengo yokula ndi mdima wobiriwira. Pakatha kucha, tsabola amakhala wofiira. Zotsatirazi zikupezeka mu tsabola wokoma ngati izi: zowuma 6.42%, shuga 3.62%, asidi ascorbic acid 206.4 mg pa 100 g. nkhani zakuda.
Pereka Tsabola ya Agapov imapanga 9.3-10.4 kilogalamu pamita mita imodzi.
Makhalidwe abwino Tsabola ya Agapov ndi ili pansipa:
- Tsabola ya Agapovsky ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sing'anga.
- Tsabola agapovskogo tsabola ndi yapamwamba kwambiri.
- Makhalidwe abwino ndizokolola zabwino kwambiri.
- Matendawa sali tsabola woopsa kwambiri.
- Kukoma kwabwino kwambiri ndi fungo lokoma ndi khalidwe labwino.
- Agapovsky tsabola amagwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zophikira.
- Kuyanjana kwa chomera ndi chisonyezo chabwino.
Kuti zovuta chikhalidwe ichi chikuphatikizapo:
- Chomeracho chimafuna kuyatsa bwino. Ngati matendawa sapezeka, ovary akhoza kugwa, ndipo masambawo akhoza kugwa, ndipo chitsamba chomwecho chingakonde.
- Chikhalidwe chimafuna kuthirira bwino, osati kuwona chomera ichi chidzafota.
Chomera chotsatira chomwe tidzakambirana ndi tsabola "Atlant"
Mitundu imeneyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Chikhalidwe chimatanthauza mitundu yoyambirira yakucha.
Nthawi ya zomera sizoposa masiku zana limodzi ndi makumi atatu. Choncho mungathe kulawa zipatso zakuthwa kale. Chikhalidwe ndi maseche, osasakanikirana ndi masamba ambiri. Kutalika kwa chitsamba kumawoneka.
Zipatso ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zopitirira 150 magalamu. Pa kucha, masamba amapeza mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo pa kukula msinkhu ndi wofiira.
Pepper "Atlant" ili ndi mawonekedwe aatali kwambiri. Kutalika kwake kumakhala pa masentimita 26. Thupi ndi zonunkhira kwambiri ndi yowutsa mudyo, makulidwe ake omwe amatenga 6-8 mm. Pa chipatso pali mafunde okonzedwa bwino.
Zokololazo ndizitali kwambiri ndipo zimakhala za 3 mpaka 5 kg pa mita imodzi iliyonse.
General makhalidwe abwino, yomwe imakhala ndi tsabola wokoma "Atlant":
- Kutheka kwa kusungidwa kwa tsabola kwa nthawi yayitali ndi chizindikiro chabwino.
- Chipatsocho chili ndi mauthenga abwino kwambiri.
- Chikhalidwe chimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka matenda a fodya.
- Chikhalidwe chili ndi zokolola zambiri.
- Makhalidwe abwino ndi kukula kwake kwa chipatso.
- Chikhalidwe sichifuna kusamalira mosamala.
- Pepper "Atlant" ndi yosiyana kwambiri.
- Chomeracho ndi chakumayambiriro kwa kucha.
- Amayi amasiye amatha kugwiritsa ntchito tsabolayi mosiyana.
- Tsabola amatha kunyamula kutalika.
- Chikhalidwe chimakonzedwa momasuka ndi kutseka.
- Pepper ali ndi makhalidwe abwino a kukoma.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za mitundu ya tsabola ku Moscow
Kodi Bogatyr okoma tsabola ali ndi makhalidwe otani?
Pepper "Bogatyr" ndi chikhalidwe champhamvu kwambiri. Chomera ndi nyengo yachisanu.
Nthawi yakucha sizoposa masiku zana limodzi makumi anayi. Tsabola amatha kukula m'magulu a greenhouses komanso pamalo otseguka.
Chikhalidwecho chili ndi sing'anga tambirimbiri shrub, kufalikira ndi kuphimba ndi masamba ambiri.
Zipatso ndi zazikulu kwambiri komanso zinyama, zolemera mpaka 200 magalamu. Masamba pakati pa kusasitsa amapeza mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo amakhala okhwima mokwanira.
Bogatyr tsabola wotsekemera ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mawonekedwe obongo. Tsabola wobiriwira kale ali ndi vitamini C. kwambiri.
Nyama ndi onunkhira kwambiri komanso yowutsa mudyo, ndipo makulidwe ake amatenga 5-7 mm. Pa chipatso pali mafunde okonzedwa bwino.
Zokololazo ndizitali kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zolemera zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi imodzi pa mita imodzi.
Kodi mphamvu yamatsenga ya tsabola wotsekemera m'kalasi iyi ndi iti:
- Alimi onse a zamasamba amayamikira izi zosiyanasiyana kuti ubwino wa tsabola wonse ukhale wabwino.
- Pepper "Bogatyr" ali ndi zokolola zenizeni.
- Tsabola ya bogatyr imayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka fodya wa mafilimu ndi fodya.
- Chikhalidwe chili bwino kwambiri.
- Kukula kwa chipatso ndi mbali yabwino ya zosiyanasiyana.
- Pepper ali ndi mavitamini ambiri ndi rutin.
- Pepper "Bogatyr" ndizosiyana kwambiri.
- Bogatyr tsabola wotsekemera ndi kucha pakati.
- Amayi amasiye amatha kugwiritsa ntchito tsabolayi mosiyana.
- Tsabola amatha kutengedwera kutali.
- Chikhalidwe chimakonzedwa momasuka ndi kutseka.
- Pepper ali ndi makhalidwe abwino a kukoma.
Chosavuta cha tsabola wokoma "Hero" akhoza kukhala ndi iye zofunikira za chinyezi cha nthaka ndi kuwala kowala.
Kodi ndi zotani za tsabola wokoma "Health"
Pepper "Health" ndi yaikulu kwambiri mpaka masentimita 170 ndi kufalikira. Chikhalidwe ndi cha maphunziro oyambirira a kukhwima.
Nthawi yakucha mpaka kuuka kwapadera ndi masiku 80. Chikhalidwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kucha kwa panthawi yomweyo pamtunda. Pepper amamera pokhapokha.
Malo a chipatso pamtunda anawombera. Kukula kwa magalamu awo aang'ono 40. Masamba pakati pa kusasitsa amapeza mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo amakhala okhwima mokwanira. Tsabola wokoma "Uthanzi" ali ndi mawonekedwe a prism.
Pepper khoma makulidwe ndi 3-4 mm. Mnofu wa chipatsocho ndi wowometsera komanso wokoma. Chifukwa cha kukula kochepa kwa tsabola akhoza kutsekedwa kwathunthu. Kukolola kwa tsabola wotsekemera "Health" ndi makilogalamu sikisi pa mita imodzi iliyonse.
Kodi zinsinsi zonse za tsabola wokoma ndi "Health" ndi iti:
- Kusiyanitsa chikhalidwe chazing'ono zazikulu za chipatso.
- Pepper "Health" nthawi zonse imakupatsani zokolola zambiri.
- Tsabola wathanzi amakumana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo makamaka pamwamba pavunda la chipatso.
- Ngakhale kulibe kuwala kwabwino komanso nyengo ikakhala mitambo, chikhalidwe chidzakupatsani zokolola zambiri.
- Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwa tsabola, iyo ikhoza kusungidwa kwathunthu.
- Ali ndi makhalidwe okoma kwambiri.
- Pepper "Health" ndi otchuka pakati pa wamaluwa.
- Chikhalidwe ndi cha maphunziro oyambirira a kukhwima.
- Amayi amasiye amatha kugwiritsa ntchito tsabolayi mosiyana siyana.
- Mtengo wabwino ndi kucha kwa chipatso.
- Chomeracho chimakula mwakukhala.
- Chikhalidwe chidzakupatsani zipatso zapamwamba.
Zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito polima chomera
Kuti musankhe malo otsetsereka a tsabola wokoma, muyenera kusankha malo abwino komanso opanda mphepo ku nyumba yanu yachilimwe.
Dothi labwino lodzala tsabola lokoma ndi mchenga kapena loamy dothi lomwe liri lolemera kwambiri mu zinthu zakuthupi.
Dothi lolemera, lowawa komanso lamchere siloyenera kuti kulima mbewuyi.
Zomera zotsatilazi ndizofunikira monga zotsitsimutsa: kabichi, nkhaka, nyemba.
Mbatata ndizowonongeka.
Momwe mukugwirira ntchito fetereza:
- Manyowa a feteleza a tsabola samapanga, amapanga chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe chawo.
- Manyowa amchere amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zingapo.
- Ndipo feteleza za phosphate zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pansi pa autumn kulima, kapena ambiri a iwo kugwa, ndi zina zonse m'chaka.
Pofuna kubzala tsabola nthaka iyenera kukhala yokonzeka motere:
- M'dzinja iwo amalima ndi kulima dzikolo. Panthawi yomweyi yonjezerani phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza.
- Spring imalima nthaka. Ndipo basi musanadzalemo, kulima kwa masentimita 15 mozama kumachitika.
Mbeu zoumba zimapangidwanso mozama kuposa masentimita imodzi. Kutentha kwa dothi sikuyenera kukhala kosachepera + 16 ° С. Ngati kutentha kuli kochepa, mbande siidzuke ndikufa.
Mbande obzalidwa mu theka lachiwiri la May, pamene pali chidaliro kuti sipadzakhalanso kasupe frosts.
Kudzala chikhalidwe kumachitika bwino pamtambo kapena madzulo.
Chiwembu chodzala tsabola chimadalira makamaka mtundu wa ulimi wothirira.
Kusamalira mbewu pa nyengo yokula Kusuntha, kuchotsa namsongole, kulamulira tizilombo ndi matenda.
Chikhalidwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kuyanjana kwa nthaka, choncho pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira kuli kofunika kuti pakhale kuwunika kwa dziko lapansi. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomweyo. Udzu wa udzu umachitika panthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi kupalira udzu.
Pofuna kupewa mavuto ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatira:
- Pamene udzu umaonekera, umayenera kuchotsedwa.
- M'pofunika kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: aphid, whitefly.
- Ngati zomera zowonongeka zikuwonekera pamalowa, ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Ndipo chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala abwino.
Zisamaliro Matenda osatambulidwa:
- Kuti zomera zisakhale ndi matenda awa: zowola pamwamba, kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi kusatulutsa zipatso, ndikofunika kudyetsa chikhalidwe ndi feteleza calcium.
- Chofunikira chofunika kukumana nacho ndicho kusamalira njira yoyenera ya kuthirira mbewu.
