Oyambirira kucha kucha Phoenix Plus Nkhaka

Nkhaka zimakondedwa ndi anthu ambiri, ndipo mwa mtundu uliwonse: mwatsopano, mchere, zophika - zimakhala ndi chakudya cha munthu. Vuto ndiloti mwa mitundu yomwe mungasankhe kukwanilitsa zosowa zonse.

Ena amapeza njira yothandizira kuthetsa mitundu ingapo ndipo mwachiwonekere amalandira mabhonasi. Koma tidzakambirana za mitundu yonse. "Phoenix kuphatikiza", yomwe, kuwonjezera pa kulawa, ili ndi ubwino wake wokhazikika ndi kukana matenda.

Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi

Sakani "Phoenix kuphatikiza" - izi ndizowonjezereka za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Phoenix 640 (kapena Phoenix), koma sayenera kusokonezeka, chifukwa ngakhale ubale wawo, mwa kufotokoza kwawo, mitunduyi ili ndi zinthu zofunikira kwambiri kwa wolima minda: nthawi yakucha, kulawa , kukula kwa zipatso ndi zokolola. Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi imagonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew ndi makasitomala a ma kakompyuta ochokera mumzinda wa Krymsk ku Krasnodar Territory. Chithunzichi - "Phoenix 640" ("Phoenix") - chinalengedwa ndi wofalitsa ndi wasayansi A. V. Medvedev, m'ma 80s a zaka zapitazo, ndi machitidwe ake opambana - ndi sayansi yemweyo mu 1993.

Taonani mitundu iyi ya nkhaka: "German", "Festoon ya Siberia", "Hector", "Crispina", "Taganay", "Lukhovitsky", "Real Colonel", "Masha", "Competitor", "Zozulya", "Palchik "," Nezhinsky "ndi" Kulimbika ".

Mitengo

Chitsamba cha maluwa amenewa ndi pakati pa mpesa wozungulira pafupifupi 2.5 mamita m'litali ndi mphukira zosavuta. N'zochititsa chidwi kumvetsera kafukufuku wa morpholoji wa chitsamba, chomwecho ndiko kupewa matenda ambiri:

• Mphukira zimakhala pamtunda wokwanira, osagwirizanitsa ndi kusabisa chitsamba, zomwe zimapangitsa mpweya wabwino kufalitsidwa ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa bowa;
• kukula kwake kwa mapepala kumathandiza kutentha kwa madzi kumlengalenga, kotero kuti madzi amtengo wapatali amapita ku chipatso;
• liana ndi wokhazikika komanso yodzichepetsa: imamva bwino kwambiri pa trellis, chithandizo chimodzi komanso ngati kulima kokwawa.

Pa mphukira za "Phoenix kuphatikizapo" maluwa ambiri aakazi amapangidwa kuposa amuna, omwe, mwachibadwa, amachulukitsa zokolola.

Zipatso

"Phoenix Plus" amatanthauza mitundu ya saladi, koma ndi yoyenera kusankha, malinga ndi amene akugwirira ntchitoyo, imakhalabe yofiira komanso yotanuka, koma salting ndi bwino kusankha zosiyanasiyana ndi thupi lakuda.

Mukudziwa? Zipatso zozizira zoyera za "White Angel" zosiyanasiyana zimawoneka zachilendo kwambiri. Pakangotha ​​kucha, ali ndi nkhaka yabwino kwambiri, koma ngati mumalola chipatso kukhala pereseti - kukoma kumakhala kofanana ndi mavwende.

Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi "kuchuluka kwa" malonda "- 85%, zipatso sizingakhale zovuta pa nthawi ya kukula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale ndi malonda abwino. Pa nthawi yoyamba kukhwima, nkhaka imatha kufika masentimita 10-12 m'litali, ndipo imakhala ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Pamwamba pamakhala pang'onopang'ono, phokoso lirilonse limatha ndi zofiira zoyera. M'nkhani ya chipatsocho ndi katatu; khungu ndi laliwisi, crispy; thupi ndilo lolimba, yowutsa mudyo komanso zonunkhira.

Kawirikawiri, zokolola kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi kwa nthawi yonse ya fruiting ndi 6-7 makilogalamu. Kuchokera ku hekita limodzi "Phoenix kuphatikiza" amapereka oposa 610 mpaka 615. Ngati tikulankhula za kuchuluka kwa zolembazo, ndiye kuti anthu 625 ali pa hekitala, zokolola zinasonkhanitsidwa ku Krasnodar Territory.

Makhalidwe

Dzina lolemekeza mbalame, limatuluka pamphuno lake, limatanthawuza molondola lingaliro la kupirira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukana kwa fungal ndi matenda a tizilombo. "Phoenix Plus" ndi mitundu yosiyana-siyana, imayamba kubala zipatso masiku 42-45 pambuyo poti misa ikuphuka, zipatso zimakololedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi yotalika pakati pa zokolola ndi masiku atatu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yodzichepetsa, yosasintha kutentha kwa kusintha ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi, sichimayankha kuzing'onong'ono ngati maonekedwe a mkwiyo. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayendetsedwa m'madera otentha ndipo, chifukwa cha kukula kwake, imapereka zipatso zabwino kumadera akumwera ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa, monga Siberia.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

"Phoenix Plus" - wopanda zolakwa! Ndemanga yolimba, koma zosiyana siyana za "Phoenix 640" zinalengedwa kuti zithetse zinthu zina zosasangalatsa za makolo, zomwe ndizo:

• maonekedwe a kukwiya ndi madontho otentha;
• kukula kwakukulu kwa mtundu wobiriwira, womwe unayambitsa kuphulika kwa chitsamba ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa zipatso;
• kukula kwakukulu kwa zipatso - 15-17 masentimita, kulemera - 120-160 g, zomwe zinachititsa Zelentsy yekha saladi, osati yoyenera kuteteza.

Ndikofunikira! Pali mtundu wonse wa mitundu, dzina lake lomwe limaphatikizapo mawu akuti "Phoenix": "Phoenix 640", "Phoenix F1", "Phoenix Plus" - onsewa adachokera ku mitundu yofanana, koma tsopano ali ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, kotero muyenera kusamala pamene sankhani ndi kufotokoza dzina.

Wachinyamata, wabwino "Phoenix Plus", amanyadira:

• Zosakaniza - zazing'ono, zowawa, zonunkhira zabwino ndizoyenera kusuta, salting ndi zakudya zatsopano;
• zosiyana sizowonjezera mkwiyo;
• kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino la kusunga, ndilo lotengedwera ndipo lingasungidwe kwa masiku 15;
• kusasamala, kulekerera bwino kutentha ndi kuzizira;
• chitetezo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a fungal ndi matenda a tizilombo.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Ngati kukula kwa nkhaka kwa inu si nthawi yoyamba, ndikusankha "Phoenix kuphatikiza", simudzakumana ndi mavuto, mosiyana, zosiyanasiyana zingasangalatse.

Malo ndi kuunikira

Malo obzala nkhaka ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zisanu zosavuta:

1. Khalani ndi nthaka yothira;
2. Onetsetsani kusinthasintha kwa mbeu: Otsogola bwino a nkhaka - mbatata, tomato, nyemba;
3. Kukhala kutali ndi mbewu zokhudzana ndi nkhaka (vwende, zukini);
4. Sitiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chilichonse kubzala nkhaka kapena mbewu zofanana;
5. Kufikira-kutulukira kwa kuwala kuli kofunika, koma ngati kulibe kuthekera kotero, makamaka kuyatsa m'mawa. Kuti izi zitheke, nkhaka zimabzalidwa kumwera kwa oyandikana nawo chikhalidwe kapena zolepheretsa kuunika.

Zosowa za nthaka

Koposa zonse, nkhaka zimakula pa nthaka yakuda, loamy ndi sod. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala, koma yathanzi, yomwe singasunge chinyezi. Madzi akumtunda sayenera kuikidwa m'manda. Ph - ndale, malo osafunika a salinity kapena kuchulukitsa acidification.

Kubalanso ndi kubzala

Breed "Phoenix Plus", ngati nkhaka zonse, mbewu. Pali chizoloŵezi chosangalatsa cha mbewu za nkhaka, zomwe sizikufanana ndi mitundu ina ya mbewu: kukula kwawo kumawonjezeka ndi nthawi, kufika pamapeto kwa zaka 3-4, kenako kumachepetseratu. Silifu moyo wa mbewu umakhala pafupifupi zaka 8-9.

Nkhaka za zosiyanasiyanazi zingabzalidwe kapena mmera, kapena zofesedwa pansi. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino njira iliyonse.

Mukudziwa? Pali nkhani pa intaneti yomwe asayansi ochokera ku United Arab Emirates adatulutsa nkhaka ndi zipatso zapakati, makamaka - izi si zoona. Pofuna kupereka masamba apakati kapena mawonekedwe ena, ndikwanira kuyika nkhungu yofunidwa pamtunda wa 2-3 masentimita, ndizotheka kwathunthu.

Mbewu yoyenera

Njirayi ili ndi ubwino wake, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufesa mwachindunji ndizokuti nkhaka sichikonda kukweza ndikuyikakamiza pamalo atsopano. Choncho, ndikofunika kufesa mbewu pa May 15-20, bwino - kenako. Asanafese, amatha kukonzekera chiwembu cha nkhaka:

• Kukumba ndi kumasula nthaka (fetereza imabweretsedwa kuchokera kugwa);
• Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uzikhala bwino, zimalowa m'nthaka, ngati n'koyenera (mchenga, mwachitsanzo);
• Madzi.

Pambuyo pokonzekera, mizere ndi kuya kwa 3-5 masentimita amapangidwa pa malo - apa ndipo tibzala mbewu. Monga tanenera kale, mbewu za nkhaka zimakula kwambiri, choncho musafesenso nkhungu: 15-20 masentimita pakati pa mbeu zidzakhala zangwiro. Pambuyo pofesa, mbewuzo zimakhala ndi chapamwamba pamwamba pa dziko lapansi ndipo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri ndi zala kuti zitha kuyanjana ndi nthaka.

Asanayambe mbande, mbewu zimaphimbidwa ndi filimuyo pofuna kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kuteteza motsutsana ndi madontho otentha. Mphepete mwa mpweya wa 6-10 masentimita ayenera kukhala pakati pa filimuyo ndi nthaka. Ndizosavuta kusamalira wowonjezera kutentha, nthawi yowonjezereka kuti ikhale yowonjezera masiku otentha ndi kusungunuka pamene ikuuma.

Rassadny njira

Ngati mwakulapo nkhaka zowonjezera mbeu zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono kwa inu, popeza anyamatawa safunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha ndi zovuta, monga tomato. Chinthu chokha ndichokubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo muzitsulo zosiyana, kotero kuti m'tsogolomu simuyenera kuchoka pamitengo ndipo mutha kubzala mmera mwachindunji kuchokera pansi pano popanda kuvulaza mizu.

Sakanizani chifukwa chodzala nkhaka:

• 30% peat;
• 20%;
• 40% kompositi;
• Mchenga 10%.

Njira yachiwiri:

• 50% mullein;
• 20%;
• 30% peat.

Kumbukirani kuti mapangidwe omwe adakonzedwa kuti akule ndi abwino, ndipo zidzakhala bwino ngati mutatha kutsata malangizowo, koma ngati simungathe, onetsetsani kuti dothi liri lachonde komanso lowala.

Mukudziwa? Ku Iran, nkhaka imatengedwa kuti ndi chipatso - zokometsera zokometsera zimapangidwa kuchokera ku izo ndipo kupanikizana kumapangidwa, ndipo nkhaka ndizovomerezedwa ndi ana m'dziko lino.

Mbande zibzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, ndipo achinyamata zomera za masabata 3-4 amasamutsidwa kunthaka, ndiko kuti, anabzala poyera kumayambiriro kwa June. Musanabzala, mbeuyi imadonthozedwa kwa theka la ola limodzi ndi mankhwala osakanikirana a potaziyamu permanganate chifukwa cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuchiza mankhwala omwe amatulutsa mankhwala, monga Ecogel, Epin-extra, Novosil kapena Zircon. Sikuti zimangowonjezera kukula kwa mbande, koma zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka kwa thupi, kuonjezera chomera chotsutsana ndi zinthu zovulaza. Pofuna kuumitsa mbeu ndikuonjezera kukana kuzizira, mukhoza kuchita njira zotsatirazi: kukulunga mbeu mu nsalu yonyowa pokhala mufiriji kutentha kwa + 2-3 ° C kwa masiku awiri. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chisunge kanthu. Pambuyo pazigawozo, imwanizani mbeuyi kutentha (35-40 ° C) madzi kwa ola limodzi, ndiye muwabzala momwemo.

Maphunziro a Gulu

Ochepa ndipo ali ndi pulayimale zoyenera agrotechnical njira:

• kuthirira;
• kumasula nthaka;
• garters;
• kudula.

Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka

Tiyeni tiyang'ane pazigawo izi zonse ndikuyamba ndi kuthirira.

Kuthirira nkhaka pa nthawi ya fruiting pokhapokha palibe chilengedwe mvula yofunikira nthawi iliyonse masiku awiri. Ndondomeko ikhoza kuchitika m'mawa kapena madzulo, ndipo njira iliyonse ili ndi othandizira. Pa nyengo yokula - masiku 3-4. Mitengo ya miyezo - 10-15 malita pa 1 lalikulu. Pakagwa chilala, nthawi ya fruiting, ulimi wothirira ukhoza kuchitika pakati pa mapiri: 2 malita pa kilomita imodzi. m Kuthirira kwa mmawa kuyenera kugwa pafupi 6 koloko mmawa, pamene dziko lazirala usiku utatha ndipo dzuŵa silinayambe kuliwotcha. Chifukwa cha kuthirira mmawa, madzi amalowa kunja, pakakhala kutentha kwa mpweya, ndibwino kwambiri. Kuthira madzulo kumachitika patatha maola 18-19, pamene dzuwa lalowa kale ndipo ngozi yowotentha yadutsa. Koma madzi a madzulo ulimi wothirira amatha kutentha, chifukwa apo pangakhale ngozi yaikulu ya kutentha kwa kutentha, zomwe zingayambitse kuchedwa kwa chitukuko cha zomera ndi kuwapangitsa kukhala ovuta ku matenda. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda kukhudza, pafupifupi 40-45 ° C.

Okonzeratu abwino a nkhaka ndi: mitundu yonse ya kabichi, katsabola, beet, parsley, kaloti ndi rhubarb.

Kusamalira dothi kumaphatikizapo kumasula ndi kutulutsa feteleza. Pakuti nkhaka, ndibwino kuti manyowa awonongeke m'nthaka, kubisa wosanjikiza wa humus 5-10 masentimita wandiweyani mpaka kuya masentimita 30 ndikuphimba pamwamba kuchokera pamwamba pa nthaka ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga kapena perlite, mwachitsanzo. Pa nyengo yokula, nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa zomera imayenera kumasulidwa, koma njirayi ndi yovuta chifukwa chakuti mizu ya nkhaka ili pafupi kwambiri ndipo imatha kuwonongeka mozama pafupifupi masentimita 7. Tulukani mkhalidwewu mwa kuwonjezera chomera chomera, monga udzu kapena Udzu wamsongo (koma wopanda mbewu!). Mulch amathandiza kuteteza chinyezi ndipo sichidzapangika kukula kwa nthaka.

Feteleza

Zimakhulupirira kuti simuyenera kukhala achangu ndi mchere feteleza, kukula nkhaka. Izi ndi zoona, chifukwa nkhaka zimatulutsa chinyezi m'nthaka, ndipo zimakhala ndi mchere, ndipo zambiri zimatha kuwononga zokololazo. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofunikira monga: mullein, zitosi za mbalame, manyowa a mahatchi. Zamagulu zimathandizira kugwa kapena masabata angapo musanadzalemo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti monga feteleza, manyowa atsopano sangagwire ntchito, choncho ndizomveka kukonzekera chidachi pasadakhale.

Ndikofunikira! Manyowa amathandiza kwambiri zamasamba, koma zimathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale yolemetsa, chifukwa chake ndi kofunika kuwonjezera mchenga ku nthaka yolima.

Mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwake:

• Mitsuko ya mbalame imadzipulidwa ndi madzi pa 1: 15-1: 20 ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka osachepera masabata awiri musanayambe kuchuluka kwa 2-2.5 malita pa 1 mita imodzi. m;
• mullein anadula 1: 6, zikhalidwe ndi nthawi yolankhulira zimakhala zofanana ndi za nkhuku manyowa;
• Mavitamini a pansi pa nthaka akuya pafupifupi 30 masentimita amapangidwa ndi manyowa kapena udzu.

Polankhula za feteleza zamchere, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito superphosphate. Amalowanso panthawi yolima, koma nthawi ya kukula imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati tchire zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa miyala ya mchere:

• Mtundu wa mpweya, utoto wotsika - kusowa kwa nayitrogeni;
• mawanga a chikasu, mapepala opukuta - kusowa kwa magnesium;
• Mphuno yoyera pakamenyedwa, kuchepa kwa mwana wosabadwa pa tsinde - kusowa potaziyamu;
• kugwa kwa mitundu, masamba otumbululuka - kusowa kwa mkuwa;
• Mitsinje yoyera ndi kuvunda kwa mphukira - kusowa kwa calcium.

Maonekedwe a superphosphate akuphatikizapo zinthu zonse zofunikira zomwe zikufunikira kuti kukula ndi chitukuko cha mbeu, choncho ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta. Miyezo ndi zoyikira zimasonyezedwa kumbuyo kwa phukusi.

Garter ndi chitsamba mapangidwe

Nkhaka shrub ndi mpesa, ndipo monga onse owomba amafunikira thandizo lina. Kawirikawiri nkhaka imagwiritsa ntchito trellis kapena thandizo limodzi. Chitsanzo cha treiltis yokha. Zokonzeka kuti kulima kulima anthu ambiri. Kuthamanga kumodzi. Zowonjezereka kwambiri kwa kulima kwina kwa mbewu zing'onozing'ono.

Monga momwe tingawonere pachithunzichi, zonsezi zimathandizira zomangamanga ndipo zimapangidwira mosavuta kuchokera ku zipangizo.

Kupanga chitsamba ndicho mwina chofunikira kwambiri pa kulima nkhaka, kuchuluka kwa zokolola zamtsogolo komanso mosavuta kugwiritsira ntchito chomeracho kumadalira mwachindunji kudulira. Kulankhula za mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Phoenix plus", ntchito yathu ndi kupanga mafunde ambiri omwe amafunikira maluwa omwe tikufunikira.

Ndikofunikira! Kuti ufike pamwamba pa kukula, mpesa sungakhale pansi ndipo motero umameta m'munsi, pamene umangiriza, tumizani mphukira pamtambo, osati kutsika (ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito trellis kuti muthandizire).

Pofuna kuti mpesa upitirire kukula, muyenera kudula nsonga pamasamba a masamba 4-5 enieni (ena amakhulupirira kuti ndibwino kuti achite pa siteji ya masamba 6-7). Pochotsa chigawo chakumtunda chakukula, tinaponya mphamvu zonse za zomera pa chitukuko cha mbali zonse. Ngati kudulira sikungatheke, mpesa umakula mwakuya, chiwerengero cha mphukira chidzakhala chopanda phindu, ndipo maluwa amphongo adzakula pamwamba pa akazi.

"Phoenix Plus" safunikanso kufotokozera. Mosiyana ndi zomwe zinagonjetsedwa kale, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala yobiriwira, osati yowonjezera.

Kukolola

Kukolola kumayamba kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July ndipo kumatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September. Kawirikawiri, zosiyanasiyanazi zikuwoneka zokonzeka kutulutsa zipatso tsiku lililonse masiku awiri, kotero samalani - musalole kubwereza. Kuwonjezera apo, kuchedwa kwa kusonkhanitsa kwa Zelentsov kumaletsa kusasitsa kwa atsopano. Ndi bwino kutulutsa nkhaka ku zimayambira kusiyana ndi kuzichotsa, kotero kuti muvulaze mpesa pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yokolola imachitika m'mawa, dzuwa lisanathe nthawi, kuti madziwo asakwane.

Choncho, mwachidule, mungathe kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana "Phoenix Plus" monga njira yosasinthika, yomwe imayenerera moyenera komanso yowonongeka. Matenda apamwamba kwambiri komanso mapulasitiki amatha kukuthandizani kuti musamakhale ndi nkhawa zosafunika, komanso nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi yayitali.