Horseradish ndi amodzi mwa zonunkhira zokondedwa kwambiri mu zakudya za ku Russia. Zimangopereka cholembera choyambirira cha kukoma kwa nyama ndi mbale zam'madzi, msuzi ndi marinade, komanso komanso mavitamini osiyanasiyana. Wogulitsa m'munda aliyense, ngakhale woyamba kumene, amakula.
Momwe mungabzalale horseradish pamalowa
Horseradish ndi masamba omwe ali azitsamba osatha. Ili ndi ma rhizomes amphamvu, opangidwa ndi masamba okongola komanso masamba akuluakulu owumbika. Ili ndi nthawi yozizira yolimba, kulolera chilala komanso kupulumuka mwachangu, chifukwa chake imakulidwa m'maiko a ku Europe ndi Asia. Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amalima mitundu yopanda kuswana ("wowerengeka") wa mitundu ya horseradish (Suzdal, Valkovsky, Latvia, Rostov), ngakhale kuli ma cultivars - Atlant ndi Tolpukhovsky, omwe amadziwika ndi kukoma pang'ono komanso kusakonda kufalitsa mozungulira malowa.
Masamba ndi ma rhizomes a horseradish ali:
- mafuta osasunthika komanso ofunikira okhala ndi bactericidal kanthu;
- Vitamini C (mpaka 0,2 g pa 100 g);
- allyl mpiru mafuta (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe);
- mavitamini a gulu B ndi PP;
- kuchuluka kwa carotene (115 mg pa 100 g).
Ma Horseradish rhizomes samangongolera kukoma kwa zakudya zosiyanasiyana, komanso ali ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira
Kubzala ndi kukula kwa horseradish ndikosavuta: ndikosazindikira komanso kolimba - kwambiri kotero kuti ambiri amakuwona ngati udzu woyipa ndikuyesera kuti mundawo usalowe. Zowona, ndiwo zamasamba zimasanduka udzu ngati sizisamalidwa bwino. Horseradish imatha kukhalabe malo amodzi kwa zaka 10-12, koma ndikofunikira kukumba ma rhizomes patatha zaka 1-2 mutabzala, apo ayi mbewuyo "imathamanga", nthambi ya mizu ndikupita mwakuya, kotero kuchotsa kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri ndiwo zamasamba zobiriwira, koma mutha kuchita izi mu wowonjezera kutentha, ngati mukufuna kuthamangitsa kusasitsa kwake.
Ngakhale kukana mokwanira kugwedezeka, ma horseradish samakondabe mithunzi yamphamvu, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha malo m'mundawo kutali ndi mtengo wandiweyani kapena mitengo ya shrub. Ambiri wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala masamba pampanda.
Tikufika patali: nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira isanachitike
Horseradish ili ndi nyonga yayikulu mwakuti itabzalidwe nthawi iliyonse pachaka:
- kudula mbewu m'chaka, pamene dothi latha kale (theka lachiwiri la Epulo limatengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino). Ndi matalala obwerera mwamphamvu, kudula sikungathe kuzika mizu, kotero muyenera kudikirira mpaka kutentha kwa nthaka kukhale pamwamba +5 zaC;
- pangani mbewu mu kugwa (khumi eyiti ya Seputembala - pakati pa Okutobala ku Russia). Pamaso chisanu musanakhalebe masiku 12-14. Ngati nthawi yophukira ili youma, kubzala kumafunika kuthirira. Monga lamulo, mbewu zimamera bwino ndipo zimalekerera nyengo yachisanu bwino;
- M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kubzala ndikuyika ma horseradish. Ndikofunika kusankha tsiku lamitambo ndi momwe mungathiririre malo obzala kuti muzitha kuzika mizu. Ngati nyengo ndi yotentha kwambiri komanso youma, ndibwino kukana kubzala mu horseradish m'chilimwe;
Horseradish ingabzalidwe ndikuwokeranso ngakhale m'chilimwe popanda chilala
- kubzala horseradish nthawi yachisanu ndikotheka kumapeto kwa Okutobala - koyambirira kwa Novembala. Kuti muchite izi, theka zoyambirira za Okutobala, muyenera kuchotsa dothi la namsongole ndi zinyalala pamiyala, kenako kukumba mozama. Zodulidwa ziyenera kuzamitsidwa kwambiri kuposa nthawi yobzala masika (3-4 cm) kuti muteteze ku chisanu.
Kubzala mitengo ya horseradish
Horseradish samapereka nthanga, nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa ndi odulidwa, omwe kwenikweni ali mizu.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo ndi kukonzekera dothi
Musanabzale mahatchi m'dera lanu, muyenera kusankha malo ake. Ndikofunika kubzala mbewu padzuwa kapena pamthunzi pang'ono. Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu komanso mpweya wovomerezeka. Mwakutero, ma sneradish amatha kukhazikika panthaka iliyonse, koma pazidongo zolemetsa zovuta komanso zolimba, mizu yolumikizidwa, ndipo pamchenga umakhala wopanda vuto. Kuti mupeze ma rhizomes abwino, muyenera kubzala pamtunda wa chernozems, ma loams, mchenga wotseketsa kapena peatlands wolemeretsedwa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.
Nthaka yakuda ndi dothi labwino la horseradish
Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu ya masamba pomwe tomato, mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba zina zimakula.
Muyenera kukonzekera nthaka isanakwane: mwachitsanzo, kubzala kwa masika, dothi limakonzedwa mukugwa. Ndondomeko ndi motere:
- Namsongole amachotsedwa pamalo osankhidwa, feteleza wachilengedwe wobalalikana ndi kukumbidwa.
- Chapakatikati, atatsala pang'ono kubzala, kukumba kwina kosafunikira kumachitika ndikuyambitsa feteleza kapena michere:
- potaziyamu ndi ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, omwe ali osakanikirana chimodzimodzi - mlingo wa 30 g / m2;
- chidebe cha peat ndi mchenga pazinthu zadongo, komanso makilogalamu 10-12 a manyowa pa mita imodzi;
- 0.4-0,5 kg / m2 phulusa ndi kuchuluka kwa nthaka ya nthaka.
Kututa ndi kusunga zodula
Ma Horseradish cutits amatha kukonzekera mosavuta. Kuti muchite izi:
- Mukapukuta yophukira kuchokera ku ma rhizomes akulu, muyenera kudula kukula kwachaka.
- Zodulidwa ziyenera kukhala ndi kutalika kwa 20-25 cm ndi mainchesi a 0.5-1.5 cm, njira zonse zamtsogolo ndi nthambi ziyenera kudulidwa.
- Zodulidwa zapamwamba ziyenera kudulidwa pamakona a 90 °, ndipo pansi - mosamalitsa, kuti mukabzala musasakanikize zigawo zakumwamba ndi zotsika.
- Zodulidwa ziyenera kumangidwa m'manda ndikuziika m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, zowazidwa ndi mchenga wothira pang'ono kapena utuchi, kapena kukumba m'munda mpaka masika.
Kutsitsa kwamphamvu kwa gawo lapansi kumatha kupangitsa kuti mizu isanakwane.
Kukonzekera mizu yodula, ngakhale zidutswa za 20-25 cm zimadulidwa kuchokera ku ma rhizomes a horseradish
Mutha kukonzekera zofunikira kubzala mu nthawi ya masika nthaka italemera. Zodulidwa zotere ziyenera kubzalidwa posachedwa m'malo okhazikika.
Wolemba amagwiritsa ntchito bwino njira "yaulesi" yofalitsira ma horseradish. Popeza mphamvu za chomera, pakukula kwa nthawi yophukira, mutha kungotenga mizu kapena mizu yaying'ono (osachepera 8-10 cm komanso osachepera 1 cm) ndikuwakhazikitsa pamalo patsopano, ndikukula ndi masentimita 5-6. kuthirira nthawi zambiri ngakhale izi zidulidwe bwino ndipo patatha zaka 2 amatipatsa ma rhizomes.
Kukonzekera kudula kwa kubzala
Mu nthawi ya masika, mizu imayamba kukonzekera kubzala:
- Kwa masiku 12 mpaka 15, zodulidwazo zimasunthidwa kumalo osungirako kutentha kwambiri ndipo zimakutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza kapena wosanjikiza peat kuti zitsimikizike kumera.
- Akadzidula, amachititsa khungu “maso” onse pakati. Kuti muchite izi, pukuta phe ndi chidutswa cha burlap, chopondapo kapena chokhala ndi mbali ya mpeni, kusiya masamba apamwamba ndi otsika okha kuti muthe kuzika mizu ndi rosette.
Zodulidwa zonse zautchi zomwe zimadulidwa "zimachititsidwa khungu" ndi "maso" onse
Kumera titha kuumbanso ndi kukumba mabulawo mu wowonjezera kutentha (oyikidwa pakona, odulidwa pang'ono).
Zidula zakonzedwa zibzalidwe munthaka.
Kanema: Kukonzekera kubzala zakuthupi - cutter ya horseradish
Ngati mulibe zinthu zanu zobzala, gulani mpweya waukulu wa horseradish, wodulidwa mzidutswa (3-5 cm) ndipo dzalani pansi mu Epulo. Pofika nthawi yophukira, magawo obzalidwa amapereka kukula kwa achinyamata, komwe kumadzabzala.
Impso
Njira ina yobzala mitengo yophukira yomwe ili kumapeto kwa mphukira kapena njira yotsalira, yomwe imadulidwa ndi chidutswa cha nthangala (masentimita 2-3).
Masamba apical akuwonetsedwa ndi nambala 6, kudzuka komweko pamphepete mwa kudulidwa kulikonse
Mukhozanso kuwakonzekeretsa m'nyengo yozizira, monga masamba amabzala ngakhale pa ma rhizomes omwe amasungidwa mufiriji.
Mndandanda wa zochita uli motere:
- Zinthuzo zimayikidwa mchidebe chokhala ndi gawo lapansi lachonde ndikuthirira mpaka mizu itawonekera.
- Chomera chilichonse chimasinthidwa kupita ndi galasi kapena mphika.
Pambuyo pakupanga mizu, zidutswa za horseradish muzu ndi masamba apical zimabzalidwa mumphika
- Chotsani masamba owonjezera kuti pasakhale ma rosette awiri. Izi zimafunikira kuti muchepetse mizu.
- Zomera zokonzedwa zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika, monga zodulidwa, mu Epulo.
Kubzala horseradish panja
Mukabzala masamba a horseradish poyera, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito msomali. Ndi chithandizo chake, oblique (30-45 za) kukulitsa kutalika kofunikira.
Amabaya dothi ndi ndodo yokhota kuti abzale phesi la horseradish kumanja
Njira yofikira imakhala ndi izi:
- M'mapikisano opangidwa ndi kambewu, muzu wa horseradish umamizidwa, ndikuwongolera ndi chopindika. Zomera zobzalidwa m'mizere ndi mzere kutalikirana kwa 0.7-0.8 m ndi malire pakati pa tchire loyandikana mzere wa masentimita 30 mpaka 40.
Mukabzala, musasokoneze malekezero ake kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa chogwirira, ndikuwadzala pamalo otsetsereka, kumiza kaphokoso kam'mapiri ndi 4-5 cm
- Impso zosakonzekera zimakonkhedwa ndi dothi la 3-5 cm.
- Kuti zizike mizu mwachangu, dothi limapangidwa pang'ono ndi phazi.
Monga lamulo, pali mbewu za 4-6 pa lalikulu lalikulu.
Kanema: Kubzala horseradish
Kubzala mbewu za horseradish
Tchire la Horseradish limaphuka mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo, koma nthawi zambiri mbewu sizipanga kapena kuoneka zazing'ono kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kufalitsa mbewu ndikosowa.
Horseradish imapereka maluwa onunkhira bwino kwambiri, koma pafupifupi siyipanga mbewu
Ngati mudatola kapena kugula mitengo ya horseradish, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kukulira masamba. Horseradish kwa mbewu imakulidwa, monga mbewu ina iliyonse yozizira. Kusanthula ndi kubzala mbewu sikofunikira, ndipo kulima mbewu zoyambirira sikofunikira. Kubzala kumatha kuchitika nthawi yomweyo mu nthaka kasupe kapena nyengo yachisanu isanachitike. Nthaka iyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale monga momwe amabzala.
Ngati angafune, mbewu za horseradish zimatha kuthandizidwa ndi chophatikiza musanabzike, mwachitsanzo, Energen. Kuti muchite izi, 1 ml ya mankhwalawa imasungunuka mu 50 ml ya madzi ndipo mbewu zimanyowa kwa maola 6-20.
Momwe mungabzalale horseradish
Horseradish ingabzalidwe m'njira izi:
- pabedi lokwezedwa,
- mumtsuko kapena mugolo,
- mu "sleeve" wapulasitiki.
Nthawi zambiri, horseradish amadzalidwa pamabedi okwera. Njira yodzalirayi imalimbikitsidwa makamaka chifukwa cha dothi lomwe limakhala loonda komanso lonyowa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa mabedi kuyenera kukhala 25-30 cm: ndi kubzala kotero, mmera su kusefukira ndi madzi pakagwa mvula yambiri, komanso, kufufuma kwa ma rhizomes m'dzinja kumathandizidwa.
Kubzala ma horseradish pabedi yokomera kuli koyenera dothi lokhala ndi dothi loonda komanso chinyezi chambiri
Horseradish imabzalidwa mumtsuko kapena mbiya kuti ionere "kulowa" m'mundamo. Kusiyana pakati pakubzala mum'tsuko ndi mu mbiya kumangokhala kuchuluka kwazomera zomwe zimakwanira muli izi.
Amamera mu msuzi kapena mumtsuko motere:
- Mu ndowa yakale (mbiya), dzazani zosakaniza kuchokera kompositi kapena humus ndi dothi.
- Bisani chodzaza pansi kuti mbali zake ziwonjezeke masentimita 2-3 pamwamba.Utha kuyikamo ma nthambwe 2-3 mu ndowa iliyonse, mu mbiya 5-6.
Mukaponya horseradish mum'tsuko, sudzazungulira pamalopo
- Mukugwa, chidebe chimachotsedwa ndikutembenukira kumbali - pomwe mizu imachotsedwa mosavuta ndikukhalabe yolimba.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa mbewu mu mbiya kapena chidebe m'chilimwe zimachitika malinga ndi dongosolo lonselo.
Kanema: momwe mungakulire horseradish mu mbiya
Kanema wa pulasitiki wakuda (100 ma microns) amaletsanso kufalikira kwa horseradish m'derali. Chingwecho chimasankhidwa kotero kuti mainchesi ake amapitilira kukula kwa chogwiriridwa ndi 4-5.
Motsatira zochita:
- Chingwecho chimadzaza ndi dothi, phesi limayikidwamo kuti malekezero ake amapitilira 1-1,5 masentimita, ndipo otsika 2 cm.
- Kenako malirowo amakumbidwa m'nthaka pomwe (30-35 °). Kanemayo amalepheretsa chomeracho kupanga nthambi zoyambira, ndipo nthawi yakutukuka kwa nthawi yophukira, rhizome imachotsedwa mosavuta.
Kusamalira
Kuti mupewe zokolola zabwino muyenera kusamalira moyenera:
- udzu watuluka
- kumasula nthaka
- madzi ndi kudyetsa.
Zikamera zoyambirira za horseradish, kupatulira kuyenera kuchitika kotero kuti mphukira zolimba zokha ndizotsalira. M'mwezi wa Julayi, ma rhizomes amakumbidwa ndikudula mizu yonse yakuya mpaka 25 cm, ndiye kuti mizu imaphimbidwanso ndi dziko lapansi, ndikuumbika komanso kuthiridwa bwino.
Dothi lomasuka ndilimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu pakukula kwa horseradish. Pazonse zitatu zomasuka mu chirimwe chidzafunika:
- Masiku 7-8 atachotsedwa (kuya kwa masentimita 3-4);
- kenako kumera mbande (kuya kwa masentimita 6-8);
- ndiye patapita masiku ena 12-14 (10-12 cm).
Kutsegula kuyenera kukhala osamala kuti asawononge mizu yocheperako.
Mumasuleni mbewu zazing'onoting'ono ndi tchire, mosamala kuti musawononge mizu ya horseradish
Horseradish imakhala ndi chilolezo chokomera chilala, koma kuthirira ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mizu. Imachitika poyamba masiku onse a 7-10 pamlingo wa 2-3 l / m2 (nyengo yadzuwa, kuthilira kumakhala kambiri). Zomera zikayamba kuzika, zimafunika kuthiriridwa pokhapokha kuti pakhale mpweya (3-4 l / m)2).
Feteleza safunika kuthilidwa - ma horseradish amakula bwino popanda iwo. Ngati mungafune, mutha kudyetsa masipowo ndi feteleza wovuta kamodzi pamwezi (50 g pa ndowa).
Kugwirizana ndi mbewu zina
Horseradish ndi chomera chamwano. Iyenso amalimbana ndi mbewu zina zokha; tomato, nyemba ndi sitiroberi zokha zomwe sizabwino kwa iye. Komanso ndikulangizidwa kuti musabzale horseradish pafupi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba, chifukwa mizu ya mitengo ingasokoneze kuphatikizika kwa ma pezomes a horseradish.
Anthu oyandikana nawo a masamba awa ndi masamba onunkhira komanso mbatata. Ndikulimbikitsanso kubzala chipatso cha mazira pafupi ndi mbatata ngati njira yopewera kachilomboka. Rubarb horseradish imalekerera bwino, ndipo kwa broccoli chomera ichi ndichabwino ngati chotsogola.
Sangathe kuyima pafupi ndi malo oyambira mahatchi:
- artichoke;
- swede;
- mpiru;
- kaloti;
- tsabola wa belu;
- scorzoner (Mbuzi ya ku Spain, kapena muzu wakuda).
Ponseponse, ndibwino kubzala masamba omwe "sawotcha bwino", kutali ndi mbewu zina - m'malire a chiwembu kapena pakona ya dimba - ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwake.
Ndemanga wamaluwa obzala horseradish
Ndikofunika kubzala horseradish nthawi zambiri mosiyana ndi mbewu zonse kapena pakona ya munda ndipo nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti siziwombera mbali. Mutha kuwabzala mu poto wachitsulo kuti usale m'mundamo wonse. Ndiosavuta kubereketsa, koma nanga mungatani kuti muchotse? Mnansi wanga, kwakukulu, kumbuyo kwa mpanda pansi pa birch, adatsimikiza malo ake. Chifukwa chake ndimachigwiritsa ntchito. Monga anthu anenera: ngati apongozi aakazi akwiya kwambiri, ndiye akuwopseza kuti adzaika mahatchi pamanda ake!
Tatya-e
//www.bolshoyvopros.ru/questions/1555818-rjadom-s-kakimi-rastenijami-mozhno-posadit-hren.html
Sindingakulangizeni kuti mubzale mbewu ya horseradish m'munda kapena m'munda. Ndikwabwino kubzala kwina kuseri kwa mpanda. Horseradish - chomera chosazindikira, sichifunikira chisamaliro chapadera, kapena kuthirira pafupipafupi. Koma mizu imatenga izi ndikukula kotero kuti sungathe kuzula popanda thirakitara.
Tata onse ofiira
//www.bolshoyvopros.ru/questions/1555818-rjadom-s-kakimi-rastenijami-mozhno-posadit-hren.html
Kubzala mahatchi samabzala. Ndikofunikira kuti musankhe malo oyenera kuti mbewuyo sikungokula bwino, komanso osapondereza anthu ena okhala m'mundamo. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kupeza zokolola zochuluka zamasamba abwino athanzi awa chaka chilichonse.
