Maluwa ena otchuka kwambiri omwe amakongoletsera kukongola kwa nthaka ndi malo, amawoneka ngati duwa. Maluwa osiyanasiyana otchuka "Abraham Derby" ndi amodzi mwa maluwa okongola komanso okongola kwambiri a David Austin wotchuka wa Britain. Nthaŵi yomweyo maluwa ake okongola okongola amalemekezedwa ndi wamaluwa padziko lonse lapansi. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri, monga "William Shakespeare", "Princess Princess" ndi "Emmanuel."
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za Abraham Derby, kutanthauzira kwake, kubzala ndi kusamalira, ndikukumana ndi matenda owopsa ndi tizirombo.
Kufotokozera ndi mbiri ya kuswana
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, izi zinapangidwa mu 1965 podutsa mitundu iwiri yamakono - polyanthus yodzala ndi mchere wonyezimira, "Mtsinje Wofiirira" ndi kukwera kofiira kofiira kofiira ku "Aloha" zosiyanasiyana.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta obiriwira ndi amtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mtengo wake umaposa mtengo wa golidi ndi platinamu. Pa lita imodzi ya mafutawa mumasowa matani atatu atsopano.Pamene maluwa a zosiyanasiyana akuphuka, iwo amatenga classical mawonekedwe khalidwe onse kutsitsi maluwa. Maluwawo ali ndi mtundu wofiira wofewa kwambiri pafupi ndi pakati ndi mthunzi wochepa wachikasu pafupi ndi phokoso. Chimodzi mwa zochitika ndi zachilendo za maluwa amenewa ndi kudalira mtundu wa chilengedwe. Mafinya, ngati chameleons, amatha kusintha mtundu wawo - kuchokera ku pinki ndi kukhudza khungu kochepa pamphepete mwa pichesi.
Chitsamba chiri ndi kukula kwakukulu (mpaka mamita 1.5 mmwamba), pompu ndi kuzungulira. Kusamala mosamala ndi malo abwino a chilengedwe akhoza kufika pamwamba mamita 2.5.Phunzirani zambiri za zovuta za kubzala ndi kusamalira Chingerezi, Canada ndi Dutch roses.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
Popeza kuti maluŵa ameneŵa amakula mofulumira, angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga mzere wokwera. Chiwerengero cha maluwa pa phesi limodzi chikhoza kusiyana pakati pa imodzi ndi zitatu. Ali ndi chiwerengero chotsutsa matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Mvula imakhala yochepa kwambiri, pomwe maluwawo samatsegula.
Maluwa a Chingerezi ananyamuka osiyanasiyana "Abraham Derby" mwa maonekedwe awo a terry. Maluwa okongola kwambiri akhoza kufika 14 masentimita awiri. Iwo amadziwika ndi kupitiriza maluwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka kumapeto kwa September. Zopitilirabe, zopsereza zonunkhira zabwino ndi mankhwala a mandimu. 
Kumene mungabzalitse duwa
Izi zanyamuka, tsoka, sizinaganize kuti ndizoyenera kulima m'madera athu, kotero, kuti tipeze zotsatira zabwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ophweka.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Duwa la Austin "Abraham Derby" silingalekerere mthunzi, choncho malo abwino kwambiri kuti ikamatuluke adzakhala malo omwe nthawi zonse amatha kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Maluwawa ndi osasunthika kwambiri kuti awuluke, ndipo pansi pake pamakhala masamba ndi masamba omwe amayamba kugwa, choncho malo otsetsereka ayenera kutetezedwa kwa iwo kuchokera kumbali zonse. 
Mukudziwa? Ananyamuka m'chiuno, omwe ndi mazira osiyanasiyana, ali ndi vitamini C woposa zipatso za citrus, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti decoctions ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera ndi kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana.Kuwonjezera apo, malo omwe chodzala chidzachitike sayenera kukhala mvula yambiri kapena yonama, chifukwa chinyezi chochuluka chingayambe kuwononga kwambiri mizu ya mbewu.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala m'munda momwe amamerekera mbeu yomweyo, popeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe timakhala nazo zimatha kukhala m'nthaka.
Mtundu wa dothi
Nthaka ya rosi imeneyi ili yoyenera pafupifupi pafupifupi iliyonse, ndi yofunikanso kuti ikhale yoyenera. Zingatheke kusintha kwina kwa dothi pakukumba ndi kumasula kumasula. Ngati nthaka ndi mchenga, mukhoza kuwonjezera humus. Zina zowonjezera za nthaka musanabzala sizikhala zovuta. 
Chomera bwino mbande
Chinsinsi cha kukula bwino ndi kobala kakukula komanso kokwanira kubzala mbewu. Njirayi yonse ndi yochepa kwambiri ndipo ikufanana ndi kubzala kwa mbewu iliyonse yamatabwa.
Duwa limawomba amalima a maluwa osati kukongola kwake, komanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mukhoza kukongoletsa munda wanu wamaluwa ndi mitundu yotsatirayi: "Sophia Loren", "Falstaff", "Pierre de Ronsard", "Pink Intuition", "Blue Perfume", "Graham Thomas", "Mary Rose".
Zosankha Zosankha
Ndibwino kuti tigule mbande, zaka zomwe sizidutsa zaka 2-3, popeza ndi mbande izi zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pa nyengo yozizira, choncho zimakhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri mutabzala.
Mukamagula, muyenera kumvetsera mkhalidwe wa zimayambira. Ambiri mwa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi zovuta, pamene ena onse ayenera kukhala ndi zobiriwira, maonekedwe atsopano. 
Mphepete ndi zowonongeka za zimayambira zingakhale umboni wa kuyanika kwa mmera kapena kupezeka kwa matenda otheka.
Pogulitsidwa, monga lamulo, pali mitundu iwiri ya mbande: pa mizu yawo ndi kumtengowo. Zoyamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofooka pa chitukuko chawo, kotero musanagule, onetsetsani kufunsa wogulitsa mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amapereka.
Ndondomeko ya nthawi ndi kukwera
Kubzala maluwa ndi kotheka nthawi ziwiri - masika ndi autumn. Nthawi yoyamba ndi yabwino kwa oyamba kumene, popeza kubzala panthawiyi kumalola kuti mmerawo ukhale wabwino ndipo, motero, ndi bwino kusuntha m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, odziwa wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala mu kugwa; Pankhaniyi, muyenera kudziwa bwino nyengo ndi nthawi. 
Sapling musanadzalemo ayenera kudulidwa, kusiya masamba 4-6, chifukwa masamba ambiri amatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa zomera pa nyengo ya chilimwe, zomwe zidzathetsa imfa yosapeŵeka ya nyengo m'nyengo yozizira. Mizu imafunikanso kudula, kuchotsa zowonongeka ndikudula pang'ono otsalawo. Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa, chitsamba chidzakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu komanso yowonjezera. 
Musanabzala, dzenje limakumbidwa mozama 1.5-2 makonzedwe a fosholo, pansi pomwe madzi ena amasungidwa, kapena zakudya zosakaniza zopangidwa ndi peat, mchenga ndi humus. Kenaka, mmerawo umayikidwa mu dzenje kuti mizu yake yonse ikhalepo. Pambuyo pake, dzenje ndi mmera mkati mwadzaza ndi dziko lapansi, lomwe liyenera kuphatikiza pang'ono pamapeto.
Ndikofunikira! Mzu wazuwo uyenera kukhala wa 5-6 cm mu nthaka.
Chotsatira ndichokulumikiza dothi pamtunda wachinyamatayo ndi udzu watsopano kapena udzu ndi madzi zomera bwino.Momwe mungasamalire kalasi
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa si yovuta kwambiri pa nkhani yosamalira iwo kuposa maluwa ena. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti izi sizinali zoyenera kubzala kudera lathu, pali zina mwachinsinsi za chisamaliro, zomwe zidzakambidwenso.
Kuthirira
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa siimaletsa chinyezi, komabe, ulimi wothirira umakhala woipa kwambiri, umodzi mwa iwo ndi wokhazikika kwambiri pa mizu, chifukwa amatha kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi kumasula nthaka.
Ndikofunika kuthirira tchire mlungu uliwonse, pogwiritsa ntchito 10-12 malita a madzi ofunda pang'ono. Kuthirira kumayenera kuyimitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Kupaka pamwamba
M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, chomera sichifunikira kudyetsa kwina kulikonse, chifukwa sichikusowa zakudya zomwe zinayikidwa mu nthaka nthawi yobzala. Feteleza amayamba kulowa mwamsanga mu kasupe wa chaka chachiwiri cha kukula, ndikupitirizabe nyengo yonse yokula.
Ndikofunikira! Mzu wa maluwa sungalekerere bwino manyowa atsopano, kotero ngati mukufuna kulera mbeu zanu ndi manyowa, muyenera kuchipangira kwa masiku 7-10.
Funso loyamba la feteleza liyenera kukhala lolemera mu nayitrogeni. Pachifukwachi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zitosi za mbalame pothandizira 1:20 kapena madzi mullein pakusintha kwa 1:10. Kenaka, pa nyengo yokula, masiku khumi ndi awiri mphambu khumi ndi zisanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zimayenera kudyetsa tchire mothandizidwa ndi zosakaniza za mchere wothirira maluwa. 
Chovala chilichonse chiyenera kuchitika pafupi ndi mapeto a tsiku lotentha komanso pambuyo pa chinyezi cholemera pansi pa chitsamba, mwinamwake pali mwayi wowononga mizu ya zomera.
Kudulira
Njira yodula maluwa ya mitunduyi imadalira njira yonse yomwe imalima. Zikatero Ngati mukulikulitsa ngati chomera, simusowa kudulira konse, muyenera kuchotsa zowonongeka ndi zosapsa pa nyengo yokula.
Kuti apeze mawonekedwe obiriwira, chitsamba chofalikira chiyenera kudulidwa pang'ono kudula m'nyengo yozizira. Ndipo ngati mukuganiza kuti mutenge chitsamba chokwanira, ndi bwino kuti chaka chilichonse muchepetse mphukira zake ziwiri m'kati mwake.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Kuyambira kumanga mpanda wa rosi "Abraham Derby" ndi, kutentha koyamba kumabwera. Chitsamba chimakhala bwino pamchenga kapena nthaka youma. Musaphimbe zomera ndi udzu kapena peat, chifukwa zipangizozi zimapangitsa chinyezi kukhala champhamvu - izi zingayambitse kuti tchire sopreyut. 
Pamene kuzizira kumagwira mwamphamvu, muyenera kuphimba maluwa ndi chophimba chilichonse, chovala pa chimango. Zisanayambe, zonse zimayambira ayenera kudula ndi masamba atatu ndipo masamba onse ayenera kuchotsedwa ku chitsamba.
Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa imakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi matenda, choncho ndibwino kuti zisamayambitse vutoli. Komabe, ndi bwino kudziŵa kuti matendawa ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri powdery mildew, dzimbiri ndi malo wakuda. Matenda onsewa amachiritsidwa mwa kuchotsa mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zomera ndikusintha njira zosiyanasiyana za fungicides.
Mitengo imatha kukumana ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, monga tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude, njenjete za rosaceous, thrips, rosaceous sawflies, ndi nsabwe zobiriwira zakuda. 
Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa masamba, masamba, ndi mphukira - mabowo, kupotoza, kusakanikirana kapena kupuma kwathunthu, kutembenuka, ndi kulowetsedwa ndi mabubu - umboni pa izi. Ndikofunika kulimbana ndi mliriwu mwa kuchotsa mbali zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zomera ndi mankhwala omwe amatsatira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana za tizilombo.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Mukasankha ngati mumabzala Abrahamu Derby ananyamuka mumunda wanu, muyenera kuganizira zochitika zake.
Ubwino:
- Maonekedwe abwino, odabwitsa ndi odabwitsa.
- Mtundu wodabwitsa.
- Nthawi yayitali yamaluwa.
- Ntchito zambiri.
- Zokoma ndi zosazolowereka.
Kuipa:- Avereji kukana matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo.
- Avereji chisanu kukana.
- Kulekerera pang'ono ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi chinyezi chokwanira.
