Ampel geranium (pelargonium) ndi gulu la mbewu zosatha zomwe zimatha kumera panja komanso mkati. Malo obadwira maluwawo ndi dera lotentha la ku Africa. Amasiyana ndi zonal geranium mumakonzedwe a nthambi, omwe amagwa ndikukula. Ku Russia, mtundu umodzi ndi wotchuka - geranium plushyelistaya (chithokomiro). Zakhala zikudziwika kuti zamera m'munda zaka zopitilira 300, makamaka zimabzalidwa mumphika.
Kufotokozera kwa Ampel Geranium
Mphukira za chomerazo zimapindika ndipo zimatha kutalika masentimita 70-100. Zimamatira pazinthu zapafupi, kotero geraniums nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa pansi pa trellis kapena kumangidwa. Chomera chimawoneka bwino kunyumba, ngati mukakonzekeretsa gululi kukongoletsa isanakwane.
Masamba osalala, amtundu wakuda wa pelargonium amagawika m'magawo asanu. Kutalika kwake kumayambira 3 mpaka 6 cm. Mitundu ina imasiyana pakakhala kuwala kwa mawanga pamwamba. Masamba a masamba amamera pazitali zazitali.
Pak maluwa, chikhalidwechi chimapanga maambulera ambiri am'madzi, m'mimba mwake amatha kufika masentimita 8-10. Iliyonse imakhala ndi masamba, mawonekedwe ake omwe amatha kukhala osiyana ndi nyenyezi kapena mawonekedwe a cactus kapena osavuta, kutengera mitundu. Palinso ma terry inflorescence. Pa peduncle imodzi, mpaka maluwa 50 amapangidwa. Nthawi zambiri amapaka utoto umodzi: yoyera, yofiirira kapena yofiyira. Pali mitundu ya multicolor momwe pakati penal ndi mtundu womwewo, ndipo malire ndi dera lozungulira pistil kapena stamens akusiyanitsa. Pedunances imakwera pamwamba pa masamba, kapena imagwa ndi 10-30 cm.
Zosiyanasiyana za ampel pelargonium
Mitundu 7 yamaluwa osiyanasiyana ndiyotchuka ku Russia.
| Gulu | Kufotokozera |
| Amethyst | Masamba ofiira amtundu wapinki pamtunda wawutali. Ampelic osiyanasiyana. |
| Rhapsody | Maluwa ndi maroon, mtundu wokhazikika. Tchire ndi losesa, maluwa. |
| Jackie golide | Nthawi yamaluwa, pamakhala pang'onopang'ono mitundu yawo imasintha kukhala yoyera mpaka pinki kapena kuwala kwa lilac. |
| Mamba | Masamba amafundirawa ndimatumbo oyera, ndipo masamba ake ndi ma coral. |
| Pereka | Ziphuphu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi malire ofiira, ndipo inflorescences imafanana ndi alstroemeria. |
| Martin | Maluwa amtundu wa lilac pamtunda wowala. |
| Ine | M'mawonekedwe, inflorescences ndi ofanana ndi duwa. |
Kuswana
Ampelic pelargonium imatha kufalikira pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi zodula. Njira yoyamba yakukula imakhala yovutirapo, yachiwiri ndiyoyenera kwa oyamba kumene.
Zidula ziyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena mochedwa, pomwe geranium imakonzekera nthawi yachisanu. Ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zingapo ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 7 mpaka 10. Pakhale masamba 3-5. Masamba ambiri amateteza mbewu kuti isazike mizu, chifukwa zakudya zonse zimapita kwa iwo. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kudula masamba 1-2.
Kudula ndikofunikira kukonzekera bwino. Amakonda chinyezi ndipo amatha kuvunda mwachangu. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuwapukuta kwa 5,6 padzuwa kapena pansi pa phytolamp ngati wosamalira anyamatawa adula kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Finyani dengalo ndi phulusa kapena malasha ophwanyika, ndipo nthawi yomweyo konzani nthaka. Kuphatikizika koyenera kumaphatikizapo:
- mchenga;
- dziko la turf;
- peat.
Gawo lake ndi 1: 1: 1. Kusakaniza kuyenera kusakanikirana bwino, koma osachepera. Iyenera kukhala yotayirira kuti chinyezi chisadziunjikire ndipo sichichititsa kuti mbewu zizivunda.
Pambuyo pometsa, zodulidwazo ziyenera kubzalidwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi dothi lokonzedwa ndikuzungunulira mozungulira kuzomera zonse kuti zisatenthe. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika mosamala, monga dothi likoma. Masabata 2-3 mutabzala, zodulidwazo zimakhala ndi mizu yolimba, ndipo zingabzalidwe mumiphika ingapo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndizitsina kuti mupange chitsamba.
Kuberekanso mbewu ndikovuta, nthawi yambiri komanso nthawi yayitali. Odziwa odziwa zamaluwa ayenera kupita ku icho. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lowononga malo, ngati mutafunikira mtengo wokwanira kuti mupeze mphukira zambiri momwe mungathere.
Mbewu za Pelargonium zimakhala zokwanira, kukhala ndi peel yolimba komanso yolimba. Asanafike, yomwe imachitika kumapeto kwa February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi, ayenera kukonzekera:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito pepala la emery la kachigawo kakang'ono kapena fayilo ya msomali, pukutani gawo limodzi, osamala kuti musakhudze zomwe zili mkati. Izi zimalola kuti mphukira izimerera mwachangu.
- Siyani mbewu m'madzi kwa maola 24.
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu permanganate, kenako pukutani.
Izi sizofunikira, koma zimakulitsa kumera. Sikuti mbewu zonse zimakhala zamtundu wapamwamba, chifukwa chake wolima ayenera kukonzekera kuti zina mwa izo zisaphuke.
Kwa njere, muyenera kukonzekera zosakaniza zofananazo ndi zodula. Mbewu zimafunikira kubzalidwe m'nthaka yosalala, yothira bwino, ndikungoperewera kwa 5 mm. Ndiye kuwaza. Ikani chidebe pansi pa filimu kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa masiku 10, sungani kutentha kwa madigiri 22-24. Pambuyo zikamera, filimuyo imatha kuchotsedwa. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kupereka kuwala kambiri. Odziwa odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuwunikira zikumera ndi phytolamp. Chomera chilichonse chomera chikakhala ndi masamba atatu owona, chimaloledwa kubzala m'mbale zosiyanasiyana.
Zoyenera kukula ma geraniums apamwamba kunyumba
Kusamalira ma germamu ampel sikovuta.
| Choyimira | Zochitika |
| Malo / Kuwala | Mawindo akumwera, mumsewu - zowunikira. |
| Dothi | Chotsekerachi chomwe chitha kuchitidwa ndi dongo chokulirapo ndichofunika. Lolani kugwiritsa ntchito dongo louma. Ndikofunikira kuti mumasule nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi. |
| Mphika | Pakatikati kakang'ono kuti duwa likhale lokongola kwambiri. |
| Kuthirira | Monga dothi lakumwamba limayima. Osalola dothi kuti limere, koma kudziunjikira kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza mbewu. Kumwaza sikofunikira. |
| Feteleza | Masiku 14 aliwonse kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kumayambiriro kwa kukula, nayitrogeni, nthawi yamaluwa, phosphorous. Madenga omwe ali okonzedwa kale angagwiritsidwe ntchito. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, kudyetsa sikofunikira. |
| Kudulira | Nthawi iliyonse yophukira, mphukira zazitali amazidulira. Ngati ndi kotheka, pakupanga chitsamba, mutha kudula nthambi zazitali mchaka. |
| Thirani | Kamodzikamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse kapena momwe iwo amakulira. Kukula kwatsopano kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu 1.5-2 masentimita. Ngati mizu sinakakokomeze mphika, ingosinthirani dothi lapamwamba. |
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudziwitsani: mawonekedwe a nyengo yozizira a ampelic pelargonium
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira, kuthirira mbewu kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Mukugwa ndi nthawi yozizira, pelargonium samakula, motero ntchito yothira feteleza kwathunthu. Kuti musinthe maluwa, muyenera kudulira mphukira zazitali. Pambuyo pake, kumapeto kwa Novembala, nyengo yachisanu imayamba. Pakadali pano, mphika uyenera kuyikidwa m'malo. Ngati kutalika kwa maola masana kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, komwe kumakhala koyendera zigawo zakumpoto, ndikofunikira kugula phytolamp, yomwe imakupatsani kuwunikira kowonjezereka kwa mbewu. Patsiku muyenera kuyatsegulira kwa maola 3-4, kutengera kutalika kwa maola masana. Ndikofunikira kuti ma geraniums apeze kuwala kambiri, apo ayi imafulumira msanga, kufooka ndipo imakula bwino ngakhale nthawi yotentha.
Ndikofunika kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha dothi. M'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chakuti kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya kumachepa, kumatha kulowa pansi ndikuwongolera kuzungunuka kwa mizu. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti kuchepa kutentha kwa mpweya. Nthawi ndi nthawi, chipindacho chimayenera kukhala chotseguka, koma mphika suyenera kuloledwa kuti ukhalebe. Izi zidzatsogolera kufowoka kwa mbewu ndikukula kwa matenda.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ampelic pelargonium idzakondweretsa diso ndi mphukira zokongola ndi inflorescence yobiriwira. Chomera sichifunikira chisamaliro chowawa, sichimadwala komanso kumatulutsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
