Kodi ndi liti pamene mukufunika kudzala kaloti ndi nyemba komanso momwe mungakololere mbeu?

Osakhumudwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimakula pambewu zomwe zagulidwa, minda yambiri ya ndiwo zamasamba ikuyesera kuti ikhale yokha. Ndipo nthawi zambiri samadziwa momwe mungachitire.

Choncho, tapeza mfundo zothandiza kwambiri kuti musamachite zolakwa ndikupeza zotsatira zochititsa chidwi.

Pali oyambirira, pakati pa nyengo ndi mochedwa mitundu ya kaloti. Lamulo ili ndiloyenera kwa aliyense wa iwo, ngati ife sitikukamba za kukolola kwa masitumba a nyengo yozizira, ndi zina zotero.

Mmene mungamere mbewu zanu?

Ubwino

• Kupeza mbewu zambiri, ndi shelf moyo wa zaka 2 mpaka 4.
• Kukolola mbewu za mitundu yofunikira.
• Zomwe zimabereka mbewu - chitsimikizo cha khalidwe labwino komanso mapulaneti apamwamba.
• Kukula kumakhala kosavuta kukula mbewu yaikulu.
• Kukula mbewu zanu mumasunga kugulidwa kwa malonda.
• Kaloti amatha kusintha mofanana ndi kubzala kumene mbewu zake zimakula. Mitundu yotumizidwa ilibe ubwino wotero, ngakhale malonjezano a zipatso zabwino.
• Timayang'anira kusungirako bwino kwa mbeu, zomwe zimakhudza momwe zimakhalira.
• Pogulira mbewu zogulitsidwa, nthawi zonse zimakhala zovuta zotsatiridwa ndi mitundu ina.

Kuipa

• Mitundu ina ya kaloti ikhoza kugonjetsedwa ndi maluwa, yomwe imaphatikizapo kusowa kwa mbewu.
• Kukhala ndi nthawi yokwanira ndi yolondola yokonzekera sikumatsimikizira maluwa a kaloti.
• Kusamalira kaloti kumakhudza ubwino wake, motero, kuchokera ku mankhwala omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino ndi mavitamini, angasanduke chomera, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ku thanzi.
• Kusakaniza mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu.

Ndi nthawi iti yobzala mizu kuti mupeze mbewu?

• Kaloti - chomera chachiwiri. Ndipo mbewu zomwe timapeza chaka chamawa.
• Kukonzekera malo odzala masika kumayamba kugwa, kudzaza mabedi ndi humus kapena kuvunda kompositi, ndi nthaka yosauka ya mchere imalumikizidwa ndi zonsezi pamwamba ndi holo kuchokera masika.

Malangizo: momwe mungabzalidwe?

Gawo lokonzekera la chaka choyamba

1. Kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya karoti. Zosakanizidwa zimatchulidwa pa phukusi ndi zolemba F1. Chachiwiri chidzayamba kuchepa. Kusunga dothi lotayirira ndi kusowa namsongole ndi chinthu chofunikira pa chisamaliro cha karoti.
2. Timabzala m'madera omwe dzuwa limakhala, popanda mthunzi.
3. Timakula kaloti tisanafike chisanu, ndiye ife timakumba. Pofuna kusunga mbeu za chaka ndi chaka, nkofunikira kusankha mizu yolondola.
4. Timaganizira za kutsatiridwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana - yolunjika, yowala, yowutsa mudyo, popanda kuwonongeka. Izi zikhoza kuchitika kumapeto kwa masika pofufuza kusungidwa kwawo.
5. Timadula nsongazo, ndikukweza nsonga kuchokera kumbali yomwe masamba amakula, palinso ma germs chaka chatha.

Zinthu zosungirako:

• Timatsikira kukasupa m'chipinda chozizira chapamwamba ndi kutentha kwa + 1-2 ° С.
• Sungani mosakayikira m'mizere kapena matabwa a pulasitiki, osiyana ndi kaloti kuti mupeze chakudya.

Kukonzekera dothi:

Pamene mizu ya mbeu imasungidwa, timayamba kukonzekera bedi lotsatira lakumunda, ndikudzaza ndi humus kapena kompositi.

M'chaka chachiwiri

Ma kaloti omwe tawasungira salola kuleza, choncho ndi bwino kuyembekezera mpaka May khumi ndi atatu kuti atenthe nthaka 10-15 ° C.

Inventory

Pa ntchito yomwe tikusowa:

1. sala;
2. fosholo;
3. zigoba;
4. gauze kapena agro-fibre ndi masentimita 20 g / m;
5. chithandizo cha masamba a mbewu kwa mita imodzi.

Zinthu Zakukula

Mizu yosabala popanda kuwonongeka yosungidwa chaka chatha.

Nthaka

• Kaloti amamwa chilichonse chimene mumadyetsa, choncho manyowa sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati feteleza. Ikuonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa acidity m'nthaka, zomwe zidzasokoneza mizu.
• Ngati muli ndi acidity yapamwamba, iyenera kuchepetsedwa. Izi zingatenge zaka 3-4.
• Kuti muwone acidity, mungagwiritsire ntchito vinyo wosasa wa 9%, ndikuwuponya pansi. Mafupa otsika a acidity adzawoneka kapena kuthamangitsidwa.

Njira

1. Mu Meyi, tikukonzekera bedi lamaluwa kuti tipeze masamba. Timakumba ndi kuyesa nthakayo ndi rambo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Timamatira zingwe zomwe tikufuna kubzala mizu ndikukula mbewu kuti zisunge zomera pamene zikukula.
2. Timapanga mabowo ndi kuya kofanana ndi mphamvu ya muzu, kutsanulira bedi ndi madzi otentha ndikutsanulira pang'ono humus pamenepo.
3. Ikani mizu imodzi mu dzenje, kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi ndikuiweramitsa bwino. Bzalani chowongolera kapena kupotola pang'ono, kusiya mutu pamtunda.
4. Tithandizenso kutsetsereka kwathu.
5. Timapanga mulching - timadzaza nthaka ndi utuchi, udzu kapena udzu wouma 6-7 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka kuzungulira karoti.

Phindu la mulching ndikuti timathera nthawi yochepa pa kuthirira, kulima nthaka ndikuyeretsa namsongole. Udzu wouma ndi udzu mutatha kukolola udakali m'nthaka pambuyo poti nthaka ikumba ndipo imakhala ngati feteleza ndi feteleza. Timadzulira udzu kwa masiku angapo, kenako tiwamasule.

Chisamaliro

1. Ngati pali masamba achikasu, timawawaza ndi nthaka kuti tipewe ku dzuwa.
2. Malowa ndi othandizira kuthandizira fence, chifukwa masambawo amera mpaka mamita 1 mu msinkhu ndipo magulu otuluka m'madzi amatha kupitirizabe.
3. Ngati pali mitundu iwiri kapena iwiri ya kaloti yomwe ikukula pafupi, kuti mupewe mwakuya mwakayakaya kapena wina ndi mbewu zakutchire, zitseni ndi kuwala, airy ndi transparent material. Chovala choyenera kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe tazipanga. Iyenera kuchotsedwa pambuyo maluwa.
4. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3 ndikuwoneka ngati wandiweyani amadyera, timamwetsa chomeracho ndi mkaka wa laimu. Kuti muchite izi, onjezerani madzi ku laimu mpaka iyo ikhale mkaka-mofanana ndi kusasinthasintha kwake. Izi zimathandizira kulimbikitsa mbewu za mizu, kuwateteza ku matenda komanso ku thanzi la mbewu.
   Kuvala pamwamba pa nthaka ndi mkaka wa limy ndi feteleza feteleza kumachitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni yomwe zomera zimadalira.
5. Kumapeto kwa ulimi wothirira, timayendetsa nthaka kuzungulira ma testes kuti achepetse zotsatira za kutentha kwa mwana.
6. Nthawi zina mu chaka choyamba, mmalo mwa mizu mbewu, nkhwangwa imakula, zomwe zimapangitsa karoti kukhala osayenera. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi zifukwa zambiri: mvula yozizira, nthaka yozizira, mbewu za mungu wambirimbiri zofesa kaloti ndi zina zotero.

   Kudziwa kuti karoti imayamba pachimake ndi yosavuta. Kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa July, maambulera amawoneka pamwamba, omwe ndi ozolowereka m'chaka chachiwiri.

Kodi kupewa msanga maluwa?

• Pogula mbewu, m'pofunika kuyang'ana mitundu ndi kukana maluwa, mwa zina ndizo Vitamini, Canned, Nantes 4, Zosakanizika, Zowonongeka 19.
• Mbewu sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa zaka ziwiri.
• Onetsetsani mosamala musanafese.
• Yabwino okonzekera kaloti m'munda ndi kabichi, tomato, nkhaka, mbatata.
• Pamene kutentha kumatsika, bedi lidzapulumutsa filimuyi.
• Ndi bwino kukula kaloti pakati pa zomera ndi malo oyendamo, izi zidzathandiza kuchepetsa kusamalirana. Choyenera kwambiri: letesi, radish, adyo ndi nyemba, pamene akupewa parsley, horseradish ndi beets ndi udzu winawake.
• Kupukuta kwa mbande kuti tipewe kukulitsa kwa kufesa kumachitika 3-4 nthawi yonse ya kukula kwawo.
• Nthawi zonse kuwonongeka, mmalo mwa magawo ang'onoang'ono a tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kuwonjezera feteleza ndi feteleza kumalimbikitsa maluwa.
• Pakati pa mvula yambiri ndi bwino kuphimba mbewu kuti asatayike.

Kodi mungasonkhanitse bwanji zinthu zabwino?

Msonkhanowu:

• Mbeu idzaphuka kwa nthawi yaitali, kuyambira pa July 25, maambulera omwe ali ndi bulauni, chizindikiro cha kukula.
• Kusonkhanitsa kumachitika mpaka August. Ngati kuli kozizira ndi maambulera osakhala ndi nthawi yokhala ndi mtundu wofunira, ndiye mpaka pa September 20, ife timapachikidwa mu chipinda cham'mwamba ndi cholembera.

Kukonzekera kwa mbendera ndi kusonkhanitsa mbewu:

1. Maambulera okhwima amadulidwa pamene akukula limodzi ndi tsinde 20-25 cm. Amakula nthawi zosiyana, choncho timadula maulendo 4.
2. Mofananamo ndi kudula, maambulera omwe amasonkhanitsidwa amakhala omdima.

Kupanga mbewu:

Maambulera owuma amaikidwa m'matumba ndipo mosamala mutambasule manja anu, pukutani kupyolera mu 3-5 mm sieve, kuchotsa zinyalala zilizonse.

Maonekedwe:

Mbeu za karoti zimakhala zofanana ndi mbewu ya parsley, choncho samalani. Zosiyana za mbeu za karoti - ndizochepa, zofiirira ndi zofiira.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbewu zabwino ndi zosafunika:

M'nyengo yozizira, tisanayambe kubzala, timayang'ana mbewu kuti zikhale zoyenera. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasiyanasiyana. Awalitseni mu njira yowonjezera ya potaziyamu permanganate. Nthawi zina zimagwedeza ndi mbewu zakufa zidzasuntha, pomwe mbewu zabwino zidzamira pansi.

Kodi ziyenera kukhala zotani?

• Sungani mbeu mu mdima, kusowa kwa chinyezi, malo, ndi bwino mu matumba a nsalu ya thonje. Makhadi a makatoni ndi abwino.
• Sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki ndi zida za pulasitiki. Pachifukwa ichi, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wofunikira womwe umakhala ndi mbewu udzakhala waung'ono, womwe umathandiza kuti maonekedwe a nkhungu apangidwe.
• Mbewu yabwino yosungira mbewu za karoti ndi 10-11%, kutentha ndi 10-12 ° C.
• Mukhoza kuwasunga kuyambira zaka 2 mpaka 4.
• Kamodzi pamwezi timatsitsa mbewu, tangotsegula bokosi ndikugwedeza.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito motani mtsogolo?

Kuphatikiza pa mwayi wakukula mbewu zabwino, karoti mbewu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochizira matenda ambiri, chifukwa cha mafuta ofunikira. Ndi zotsutsana, khalani osamala ndipo funsani katswiri.

Potsatira malangizo athu chaka ndi chaka, zidzakhala zosavuta kuti muthe kupyolera mu masitepewa ndipo mutha kulandira zokolola zambiri.