Chisamaliro chachisamaliro - ichi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira zomwe zingapangitse chomera kukhala chokondeka cha wamaluwa. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kukula bwino mumunda wamdima, kuwakongoletsa ndi masamba osadziwika. Iwo safuna kudzidalira kwambiri, ndipo ngati mutatsatira malamulo oyambirira a zamakono zaulimi, mukhoza kukhala obiriwira ndi kufalitsa tchire.
Zomwe zili zoyenera kubzala
Kuti chomera chikhale mwamsanga ndikukula bwino, muyenera kusankha malo abwino odzala, ndi Zimakula mofulumira zimadalira chinyezi chokwanira komanso kutentha.
Kusankha malo abwino okwera
Ngakhale pakufunika kutentha kwakukulu, Malo otsegulidwa dzuwa ndi malo otalikira dzuwa ayenera kupeŵa. Kulima kwa astilba pamalo otseguka kuyenera kuchitidwa kumadera okhala ndi mthunzi wochuluka, chifukwa pokhapokha padzakhala pachimake kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mitunduyi ndi mitundu yochepa yomwe imamva bwino dzuwa, komabe kukondwera ndi maluwa pang'ono. Mitengo yam'mbuyo ndi yamasika imamera bwino pansi pa dzuwa, ndipo mitundu ija yomwe imamera mu July iyenera kubzalidwa mumthunzi.
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba (Astilbe) - yokongoletsa yosatha, yomwe ili ya banja la miyala-sawing. Malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutalika kwa chomeracho chimasiyana ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 200. Masamba amasonkhana pagulu lotseguka, lomwe lingakhale ndi mkuwa, burgundy kapena mtundu wakuda. Maluwawo ali ndi mthunzi wosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku zoyera mpaka kufiira. Iwo ndi inflorescences a panicle, omwe amakula mpaka masentimita 60 m'litali. Zonse chilimwe pachimake, kukhala ndi nthambi yamphamvu ya rhizome.Nkhumba zingabzalidwe mu nthaka iliyonse koma pofuna zotsatira zabwino, muyenera kusankha malo omwe madzi akuyenda pafupi ndi nthaka.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji chiwembu?
Musanabzala astilba pa dera losankhidwa, nkofunika kukumba, kuchotsa rhizomes ya zomera zina. Kenaka nthaka iyenera kumera ndi manyowa ovunda kapena mapeyala pa mlingo wa ndowa ziwiri za feteleza pa mita imodzi. Onetsetsani kuti pamwamba pake muli zodzaza ndi potassium ndi phosphorous. Chakudya cha mafupa (manja awiri pa mita) kapena feteleza ovuta (30 gr. Per mita) amawonjezeredwa ku mabedi. Yesetsani kulima chomera pafupi ndi mitengo yomwe ili ndi mizu yozama. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi mpikisano wa chinyezi, momwe maluwawo adzatayika ndithu.
Tekeni yamakono
Kubzala kumachitika m'dzinja, pa nthawi yomwe kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa masabata 2-3 sikuchepetsedwa kuposa 5 ° C. Kusankha mtunda pakati pa tchire, ganizirani mtundu wa zomera. Kotero Mitengo yochepa imabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera pamzake, ndipo mamita 50 cm.
Kwa kukwera kwawo amakonza mabowo mpaka masentimita 30, pansi pa yomwe imayika feteleza ndikutsanulira madzi. Delenki (gawo la chitsamba ndi rhizome), anaikidwa mu dzenje ndipo anaphimba ndi mulch pafupifupi masentimita atatu.
Ndikofunikira! Sungani mbeu popanda kumuika kwa zaka zosaposa zisanu isanakonzedwe. Kuperekera kwachitsulo ndikofunikira, ngakhale mutakonzeka kuchoka pamalo omwewo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbeu ya rhizome imakula mmwamba, motero, masambawo ali pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. M'nyengo yozizira, mbali imeneyi ikhoza kuwononga duwa.
Maziko a chisamaliro choyenera cha chomera
Kusamalira bwino mbewu sikovuta, koma kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa.
Kuthirira: zomwe ziyenera kukhala
Mu chisamaliro cha astilba, ndikofunika kumupatsa madzi okwanira, ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Ngakhale kuchedwa kwazing'ono ndi kuyanika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa nthaka kumapangitsa kuti masamba afota, inflorescences akhale ofooka, maluwa amatha kutaya mtundu wawo, ndipo chomeracho chimatenga mawonekedwe ovuta.
Kubzala ndi kumasula nthaka
Astilba imathetsa namsongole bwino, popeza ili ndi rhizomes yamphamvu kwambiri. Koma pamene mbewu yaying'ono, kupalira mmera kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa maluwa osalimba amakhala ndi nthawi yovuta kumenyana namsongole. Pambuyo mvula ndi kuthirira, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka kuzungulira phulusa kuti phokoso lisamawonekere. Komabe, ngati ikulumikizidwa, ndiye kuti izi sizikufunika.
Mwa njirayi, chifukwa cha kuyanjana ndi peat ndi kuphulika kwa chaka, n'zotheka kuchepetsa ukalamba wa chitsamba, chifukwa masambawo adzakhala pansi nthawi zonse.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungadyetse
Pofuna kuti zomera zisamangidwe bwino, nkofunikanso kudyetsa astilbe. Izi zimachitika chaka chilichonse, koma kusankha njira zoperekera kumadalira malo omwe zomerazo zidabzalidwa. Kotero, ngati iwo anabzala mu nthaka yonyowa, Zida zowonjezereka ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi potashi ndi feteleza phosphate - mutatha maluwa. Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa panthaka youma, tengani peat kapena kompositi.
Manyowa osiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazotsatira zina. Mwachitsanzo, kuti musunge masamba ndi masamba amodzi, perekani manyowa kapena feteleza. Amawonjezeredwa kumayambiriro kwa kutaya kwa madzi, kutanthauza kuti, m'chaka. Kwa chomera chinapangidwa bwino, kupanga mchere feteleza. Ndikofunika kuyang'ana ndondomeko yoyenera: 25-35 magalamu pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Manyowawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwa asanayambe nyengo yozizira. Potassium sulphate kapena urea ndi superphosphate zidzakuthandizani kuonjezera nyengo ya maluwa ndikupereka chomera chomera. Zosakaniza izi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku mabedi m'chilimwe.
Kusonkhanitsa Mbewu
Ndikofunika kusonkhanitsa mbewu za maluwa mu kugwa, pamene chomera chimatha (kawirikawiri mu September). Ngakhale kuti ali ochepa, ndi kosavuta kuwasonkhanitsa. Zowonongeka ndi zouma inflorescences ziyenera kudulidwa, zitakulungidwa mu pepala ndi kuziika pamalo otentha. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, kokwanira kugwedeza inflorescences, ndipo mbewu za izo zidzatsanulira. Mbeu yosungirako mbeu ya Astilba imapezeka mu thumba la pepala.
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba ili wokonzeka kuphuka chaka choyamba mutabzala, komabe, ndibwino kuti musaloleza izi, pre-kudula maluwa mapesi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chomera chachinyama chimatha kufa, kuika mphamvu zake zonse maluwa oyambirira. Pankhani ya kuchotsedwa kwa achinyamata maluwa, timadziti tonse timapanga mawonekedwe abwino a masamba, rooting ndi kukula kwa rhizomes. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, chitsamba chonsecho chimadulidwa pansi pa rhizome, ndipo chimadulidwa ndi peat kapena nthaka. Kusokoneza uku kumachitika chaka chilichonse.
Kukonzekera kwa Astilba yozizira
Astilba amatha nyengo yozizira popanda mavuto. Anasinthasintha bwino kwambiri ku chisanu, koma kusintha kwa kutentha kwa nthawi yachisanu kungakhale koopsa kwa iye. Choncho Ndibwino kuti muzitha kumanga nsalu, ndikuphimba zigawo ziwiri zachilengedwe. Zitha kukhala zitsamba zaminga, miyala yochepa, masamba okongola a chaka chatha, udzu, makungwa, nthambi zowonjezera, kapena zipangizo zina. Pakati pa tchire ndi nthaka muyenera kukhala mulch, omwe nthambi za spruce ziri zangwiro.
Kuwonjezera pa kutentha kwa mbewu m'nyengo yozizira, kupalasa mchere kumathandizira kuti nthaka isasunthike, komanso imachepetse kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe.
Zomwe zimayambira kuziika bwino
N'zotheka kugwira nawo chomera kupangira kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi m'dzinja. Izi zachitika motere. Gowo amakoka pasadakhale, ndiye shrub imatengedwa mosamala ndikuyikidwa mmenemo. Phokoso liyenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri kuti mizu ya chitsamba ikhoza kufalitsidwa mwachangu. Chomeracho chiyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi, madzi ndi mulch. Kuthamanga kotsiriza kumathandiza kuteteza chinyezi chamtengo wapatali ndi kuteteza kuoneka kwa kutumphuka, komwe kuli kosafunikira kwa mbewu yaying'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Minda yamatabwa siibwezeretsa nthawi yomweyo, koma m'madera ena, koma imachita nthawi zonse. Chomera chachikulu, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kugawaniza rhizomes zake, koma zimalekerera mosavuta kubzala ndikukonzekera chaka chotsatira mutabzala. Kubwezeretsa mmalo kumalowa m'malo mwa kukonkha nthaka pa impso pambuyo pa kugwa kwadulira.
Kuphatikiza kwa asitabe ndi zomera zina
Ponena za "ubwenzi" ndi zomera zina, astilba imatulutsanso - imagwirizana bwino ndi ena "okhala" m'munda. Choncho Ndi bwino kusankha osandikana nawo chifukwa cha zifukwa zokondweretsa. Choncho, masamba a astilba otseguka amawoneka okongola pamodzi ndi masamba onse a hellebore, podophyllum kapena bergenia. Kuchokera maluwa, chomeracho chingakhale pamodzi ndi kusamba, irises, mochedwa tulips, phiri maluwa, maluwa a chigwacho.
Monga lamulo, amafesedwa pamapiri a miyala, m'mphepete mwachitsulo, pamphepete mwa matupi a madzi ndi osakanikirana.
Njira zoberekera monga astilba kunyumba
Astilba imabweretsanso mwa njira imodzi: mbewu, maluwa kapena kugawidwa kwa chitsamba.
Mbewu
Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu, chomeracho chimafalitsidwa pokhapokha pofuna kuswana. Sizimveka kusonkhanitsa mbewu za mtundu wosakanizidwa m'munda wanga, chifukwa zimangowonjezereka. Komabe, mutha kugula mbewu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti mubzalitse pa tsamba lanu.
Kupititsa patsogolo mbande, mbeu imayenera kukonzedwa bwino. Kuti muchite izi, mbeuyi imayikidwa masiku 20 pamalo omwe kutentha kumasungidwa pa +/- 4 ° C. Kenaka anasamutsidwa ku chipinda chofunda bwino ndi kutentha kwa 18-22 ° C. Mbewu zafesedwa pa nthaka yonyowa, ndipo mutatha njirayi, nthaka sinayambe iikidwa m'manda. Pakatha masabata angapo, mphukira zing'onozing'ono ziyenera kuoneka zomwe zingabzalidwe m'mabedi othunzi. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse tiziyang'ana kuthirira.
Cuttings
Mwa astilba grafting amatanthauza kubereka kwake ndi impso, zomwe zimakulolani kubzala mbewu mofulumira kuposa mbewu. Pamene mphukira imakula masika, amadulidwa mosamala ndi gawo la rhizome ndipo amachizidwa ndi kudula kwa phulusa. Zotsatira za cuttings zimabzalidwa mu chisakanizo cha miyala ndi peat (1: 3) ndipo zimaphimbidwa ndi zinthu zomveka, mwachitsanzo, kukulunga pulasitiki. Kuzama kwa kubzala kumagwirizana ndi kukula kwa muzu, koma kuti impso ndi theka la sentimita yokhala ndi nthaka. Shank anagwedezeka pafupi chaka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zikhoza kutheka kuti zikhale pamtunda.
Kugawa chitsamba
Nthaŵi zambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoberekera, monga kugawa kwa chitsamba. Kuti izi zitheke, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, pamene mbewuyo isanaphuke, kapena m'dzinja itatha maluwa, masamba amadulidwa, chitsamba chimakumbidwa ndipo chimagawidwa m'zinthu zotchedwa delenki. Mmodzi wa iwo ayenera kuphatikizapo tsinde limodzi lokhazikika la masamba 3-5. Mungagwiritse ntchito ndipo simunazimiridwe zimayambira, koma panopa musayembekezere maluwa chaka chamawa. Delenki amabzalidwa patalika masentimita 30 kuchokera pa mzake, osayiwala kuti amwe madzi nthawi zonse.
Astilba kukana matenda, momwe mungawachitire
Chomeracho chimakhala cholimba kwambiri ndi matenda. Ndikusamala bwino, nthawi zambiri sichikudwala, koma tizilombo ta tizilombo tomwe timakhala tizilomboti timakhala ngati tikukhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri zidzaukira slobbering ndalama amene amayamba kutenga chomera ndi axils wa masamba. Komanso, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingakhale ndi vuto lililonse, chifukwa mphutsi zawo zimapweteka kwambiri, zomwe zimadula zomera zobiriwira, zimazisiya popanda mpweya wabwino ndipo zimatha kuwonjezeka. Mukhoza kumenyana nawo pokhapokha mutachotsa zisa.
Zowopsa kwambiri gallic kapena dziko lapansi nematode. Mafinyawa amatha kukhala pa rhizomes ya zomera pa kutentha pamwamba pa 20 ° C ndi kutentha kwambiri. Mukhoza kuzindikira kuti kulimbana kwake ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba - chimayamba kutembenukira chikasu. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikophweka ndipo nthawi zambiri wamaluwa amakonda kukumba chitsamba ndi malo oyandikana nawo ndipo amawononga zonsezi kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingafalikire kwa zomera zina. Mukhozanso kuyeretsa chitsime kuchokera pansi ndikutsuka m'madzi otentha (50-55 ° C).
Astilba ndi chomera chokongola, chochepetsetsa komanso chosasunthika. Mitundu yambiri yosankha imakupatsani chisankho choyenera kwambiri kumunda wanu. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa kusamalira maluwa ndikutsimikizira kuti madzi okwanira ndi okwanira nthaka kuti asawume. Astilba imabweretsedwanso mokwanira, kotero mutha kukhala ndi zipatso zatsopano kuti mubzalidwe.
