Phlox - chomera cha herbaceous, woimira banja la Sinukhovye (Polemoniaceae). Pansi pa chilengedwe, pali mitundu pafupifupi 85, ndipo pafupifupi 40 amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda.
Tsinde la chomera likhoza kukhala lolunjika, kukwera kapena zokwawa. Kutalika kwa phlox kungakhale kotsika kwambiri (10-20 cm) kapena m'malo mwake (120-150 cm). Masamba ali ochepa, ovate, lanceolate.
Maluwa a chomerachi ali ndi fungo lamphamvu komanso mawonekedwe a mphuno, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu zovuta zambiri. Pa inflorescence imodzi ingakhale pafupifupi maluwa 90. Mtundu umasinthasintha kuchokera ku zoyera kupita ku zofiira, violet, kapezi.
Kumene kuli bwino kubzala phlox m'munda
Posankha malo a phlox m'munda, m'pofunika kuganizira za chilengedwe chomwe "anabadwira." Zomera zimapezeka m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, m'madera ouma kwambiri, kumene nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi chipale chofewa, ndipo pafupifupi kutentha kumakhala pa + 4 ° C.
Nthawi zambiri, phlox ikhoza kupezeka m'nkhalango, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Chinthu chofunika kukumbukira ndi chakuti phloxs zimakonda chinyezi, choncho ndibwino kusankha malo omwe madzi omwe ali pamtunda adzakhala ndi mwayi wopeza mizu.
Phlox amapanga malo a dzuwa komanso mthunzi wache. Ndi bwino kusankha malo otetezedwa ndi mthunzi wa mitengo ndi zitsamba zazikulu. Ngati pali "oyandikana nawo" apamwamba kuzungulira phlox adzasonkhanitsa chisanu, ndipo chomera chidzatetezedwa bwino ku kusintha kwa kutentha, ndipo chinyezi chidzakhala cholimba kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Mukaika chomera pamtunda, mungapewe madzi omwe akukhala ndi mizu, komanso kuti mupeze chinyezi chabwino komanso chofanana.
Kulima phlox kumachitika bwino kum'mwera-kumadzulo, kummawa kapena kumwera chakumwera. Chomeracho chiyenera kutetezedwanso ku mphepo yamkuntho ndi ma drafts.
Kuphatikiza phlox pabedi ndi zomera zina
Posachedwapa, phlox m'mapangidwe a malo akukhala otchuka kwambiri. Iwo ndi okongola, oyambirira ndipo samalephera kukopa chidwi cha wamaluwa. Fungo la phlox ndi losangalatsa kwambiri. Amawoneka bwino kwambiri m'magulu amodzi komanso m'magulu, makamaka ngati mumabzala muzitsamba zingapo mbande zosiyana.
Phlox amaoneka okongola kwambiri pamodzi ndi mitengo ya coniferous ndi zomera zosowa, mwachitsanzo, kusindikizira mabuku. Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa maluwa ndi mphamvu, phloxes amawoneka okongola kwambiri pakumera kwa zomera zokongola.
Mukudziwa? Ma phloxes a njuchi samapezeka m'chilengedwe, ndipo mitundu yofiira ndi ya lalanje ndizovuta.Phloxes a mitundu yofananayo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga "malo owala" pa udzu wobiriwira - zoterezi zimawoneka bwino kwambiri, koma kupanga chigwirizano choyenera mumayenera kuzigwiritsira ntchito njira ya mixborder.
Pogwiritsa ntchito nyimbo ndi phloxes, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti masana zomera zimakhala ndi mithunzi yosiyana: mwachitsanzo, buluu lingasinthe violet-purple. Pamagulu a phlox a mitundu yina pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikwingwirima ndi mikwingwirima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chomeracho chikhale chokongola.
Phlox kusamalira m'munda
Kubereka phlox kumafuna kutsatira malamulo ena. Muyenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti chomeracho chikusowa feteleza, kudulira zowononga, komanso kutsatira malamulo oyang'anira nthaka yozungulira maluwa.
Kuthirira mbewu
Phlox ndi chomera chokonda kwambiri chinyezi, ndipo pansi pa nthaka sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zowonjezera. Ngati mutabzala duwa pafupi kwambiri ndi zomera zina, sipadzakhala chinyezi. Choncho, mu nyengo yowuma kwambiri ndi nthawi yambiri yosaleka mvula, m'pofunika kuchita madzi okwanira "pansi pa chitsamba."
Kuthirira kumakhala kotheka kuti madzi asagwere pa masamba ndi maluwa a zomera. Pa mamita 1 mita pakuthirira kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 15 - 20 malita a madzi, ndi bwino kumwa madzi madzulo.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti phlox silingalole kusamba kwa madzi, choncho ndikofunika kumasula nthaka. Mukawona kuti masamba ndi maluwa amawonetsa maonekedwe awo chifukwa cha chilala, mukhoza kupopera mbewu.
Kubzala ndi kumasula nthaka
Kutsegula nthaka bwino kumachitika mutatha kuthirira.kuti madzi asapitirire ndipo mzuzi "umapuma". Namsongole pafupi ndi chitsamba ndi malo obereketsa matenda ndi tizirombo.
Ndikofunikira! Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa kwa mitundu yochepa, yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri ndipo imatha kusweka, ndipo namsongole owazungulira amawathandiza.
Kutsegula kumayenera kuchitidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa March ndi kutha kumapeto kwa chitsamba kupita ku hibernation.
Feteleza maluwa
Ngakhale kuti kukula kwa phlox kungagawidwe mu magawo atatu, mukufunikira zambiri feteleza.
Gawo 3 la kukula kwa maluwa:
- Gawo 1 - omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri pa chitukuko, panthawiyi ndikofunika kupereka Phlox nayitrogeni wambiri ndikuwongolera maluwa;
- Gawo 2 - maluwa ndi budding, pakali pano potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndizofunika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kuyenera kuchepetsedwa;
- Gawo 3 - Nthawi yovuta kwambiri, monga momwe yakhazikitsira mbewu tsopano, ndipo chomera chimatenga mitundu yonse yophimba pamwamba, kukonzekera bedi.
Kudyetsa koyamba kwa phlox kumachitika nthawi yomweyo chisanu chimasungunuka. Kawirikawiri panthawiyi amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta mu granules. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kumasulidwa (kwa feteleza wambiri) ndi kusakaniza (chifukwa cha mpweya wotentha) ziyenera kuchitidwa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mulch azitsamba zaka 3-4.
Kachiwiri fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa July - mochedwa May. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mullein kulowetsedwa (konzekerani kapena kugula zokonzeka) ndi kuwonjezera phulusa.
Kupaka zovala zapamwamba kudzakhala kovuta ngati muwonjezera nitroammophos kapena "Kemira Universal" (chiŵerengero: hafu ya supuni mu ndowa ya madzi). Ngati zipangizozi sizikuyandikira, zikhoza kusinthidwa ndi feteleza yambiri yamchere yomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo.
Mitengo imadyetsedwa kachitatu kotsatizana ndi zosiyanasiyana: mitundu yoyamba imadyetsedwa pakati pa June, ndipo pambuyo pake ayenera kubereka kumapeto kwa June. Panthawiyi, yonjezerani potaziyamu mu chakudya. Limbikitsani zotsatirazo mothandizidwa ndi yankho la urea, lomwe limapereka njira yowonjezera.
Nthawi yotsatira fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza womwewo ngati chakudya cha June, koma muyenera kuwonjezera pang'ono superphosphate (10 - 15 g).
Zotsatira za feteleza zikuchitika mutatha maluwa - feteleza zovuta zidzakuthandizani kwambiri panthawiyi. Mukhozanso kuthirira mbewuyo ndi njira yothetsera phulusa.
Pali malamulo ambiri omwe angapangitse kudyetsa bwino:
- Kudyetsa bwino kumachitika madzulo;
- Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito chovala chotsalira - kudalira nyengo zomwe mukuzigwiritsa ntchito ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito mvula isanagwe;
- Kuchuluka kwa feteleza sayenera kukhala mopitirira muyeso.
Kudulira phlox
Ambiri wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kudulira phlox mu kugwa, ming'oma isanatenge m'nyengo yozizira. Muyenera kuyamba nthawi yomweyo chitsamba chitatha. Mwezi umapatsidwa njirayi: kuyambira kumapeto kwa September mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October.
Ndi panthawi ino kuti zinthu zonse zopindulitsa zomwe mbewuyo zimaphatikizapo nthawi yonse ya kukula kwachangu zimadutsa muzu. M'madera osiyanasiyana nthawi iyi ingakhale yosiyana.
Mukudziwa? Mosasamala kanthu za dera, kudulira kumayenera kukwaniritsidwa musanayambe nthawi zonse frosts.
Ngakhale malingaliro a wamaluwa ambiri kuti kudulira kuyenera kuchitika mu kugwa, ena amaganiza kuti kasupe kakadulidwa kamakhala ndi ufulu wokhalapo. Kudulira kotereku kumalimbikitsidwa kuchitika kokha kumadera omwe kuli chisanu chozizira m'nyengo yozizira, kutsutsana kuti zimayambira zidzakhala zothandiza kwa mbewu pa nyengo yozizira kuti zisunge chisanu payekha.
Kudulira kungatheke m'njira ziwiri:
- kuti awononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda a phlox;
- 10 cm pamwamba pa nthaka kuti chisanu chiphimbe chomeracho.
Kukonzekera Phlox Kutentha kwa Zima
Phloxes, monga nthawi yonse yosatha, amakana kukana mphukira yofooka m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti mbeu yanu isamavutike kwambiri, tifunikira kukonzekera chitsamba kuti nthawi yozizira igone m'magulu angapo:
- Kutentha feteleza wa phlox ndi feteleza okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za potaziyamu phosphate.
- Kudulira phlox, yomwe ikuchitika ndi cholinga chobwezeretsanso chitsamba ndi kupewa matenda.
- Chigumula chambiri cha phlox. Njirayi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa a mahatchi (pangani zidebe 3 mwamsanga mukatha kudya). Pa nthaka ya mulch, mukhoza kuikapo malipiro ena omwe angachedwetse chipale chofewa ndikuletsa nthaka kuti ikhale yozizira. Kwa njirayi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okha.
Phlox kufalitsa
Kubzala phlox kumapeto kwa nthaka kungathe kuchitika m'njira zingapo. Zina mwa izo ndi njira zamasamba ndi mbeu.
Musanafotokoze njira zoberekera, muyenera kukumbukira za phlox. Kawirikawiri pali funso pa maulendo: Kodi phlox ayenera kuikidwa kangati? Mungathe kubwezera mobwerezabwereza momwe mumaonera, kutsatira malamulo ena.
Izi zimapangidwa bwino kuyambira kumapeto kwa August mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa September. Ndi pamene mbewu ili ndi mwayi wozika mizu. Kulima ndi kubzala njira ndizofanana, ndipo nthaka ya phloxes ingagwiritsidwe ntchito chimodzimodzi.
Kugawa chitsamba
Njira yotchuka kwambiri ya phlox kuswana - chitsamba chogawanika. Kaŵirikaŵiri amatha kuchita zomwezo m'chaka (pambuyo pa kutentha kwa chisanu) kapena kumayambiriro kwa nyundo kuti mizu iyambike bwino.
N'zotheka kugawa tchire lalikulu basi. Chitsamba chimene mukupita kuchigawanika, muyenera kukumba mosamala, osayesa kusokoneza rhizome, kuchotsani khosi lawo ndi chitsamba chomwecho pansi.
Mizu iyenera kusamalidwa mosamalitsa komanso yolekana wina ndi mzake kuti magawo onse ali ndi maluwa, mphukira komanso mizu. Gulu logawanika liyenera kubzalidwa mwamsanga kuti mizu iume. Ngati chodzala chikufunika kusamutsidwa, muzuwo ukhoza kusungunuka mu phala ladongo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kugawanika ndi kubzala chitsamba m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti chiyenera kuchitika tsiku lamtambo kapena madzulo.Gulu logawanika lidzayamba bwino ndikukula, ndipo chaka chamawa kudzakhalanso kotheka kufalitsa, kugawa.
Cuttings
Njira yodula ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa oyambirira wamaluwa. Kukalumikiza kusankha zomera zamasamba akuluakulu.
The cuttings kudula m'njira kuti pali 2 masamba (mfundo) pa nthambi imodzi: imodzi kudula amapangidwa mwachindunji pansi pa mfundo, ina - 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa mfundo. Timachotsa masamba kumadula: m'munsimu amachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo chapamwamba - mpaka theka. Cuttings akhoza yomweyo kubzalidwa pansi pa malo okhazikika, kapena mabokosi a mbande.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito bokosi, ndiye kuti muzazaza mbeu zowalidwa ndi Vermiculite (wosanjikiza) pamwamba pake, ndipo ngati zomera zikukula nthawi yomweyo pabedi, gwiritsani ntchito humus, kenako Vermiculite (komanso peat idzachita).
Mabokosi amaikidwa pamalo otentha, ndipo amatha kubisa mabedi. Mitengo yaching'ono iyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi kuthirira nthawi 1 mu masiku atatu kwa masabata atatu. Zotsatira zikhoza kuwonedwa mu masabata 2-3.
Ngati munagwiritsa ntchito bokosi, ndiye kuti mphukira yoyamba ionekera, zidutswazo zimaikidwa mu bedi lapadera la kukula, ndipo apa akhoza kukula kufikira masika. Ngati mwangoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito malo otseguka, mutha kubweretsa bedi m'nyengo yozizira ndi masamba a humus, masamba ogwa kapena peat.
Mukudziwa? Ngati mwasankha kuchita cuttings m'chilimwe kapena m'dzinja, ndiye mbali yokha ya mphukira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kubzala zakuthupi.
Kuyika
Kubalanso poyika - imodzi mwa njira zosavuta kwambiri polima phlox pa tsamba lanu.
Duwa liyenera kutsanuliridwa ndi dziko lapansi mpaka theka la msinkhu. Pa zimayambira, pakapita nthawi, zigawo zimayamba kuonekera, zomwe zimamera. Pamene mizu ya cuttings idzakwanika mokwanira, ndipo cuttings idzakula ndi 10-15 masentimita, iyenera kumasulidwa mosamala kuchokera ku nthaka ndikufika pamalo osatha.
Mbewu
Ngati mwasankha kubzala mbewu, kumbukirani kuti katundu wina akhoza kutayika. Kufesa mbewu ndibwino kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira: m'nyengo yozizira, chilengedwe chidzachitika.
Chotsani nthanga za ziphuphu nthawi yomweyo musanafese, ayenera kusankhidwa mbewu za mawonekedwe ozungulira, mdima wofiira kwambiri. Mphukira zoyamba zimaonekera mmawa wa April, ziyenera kuikidwa pomwe zimakula mpaka masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Mbewu zimabzalidwa patalika masentimita 12 mpaka 15, kuti chitukuko chichitike mwakhama.
Ngati mutatsatira malamulo onse ndi ndondomeko zothandizira phlox, mutha kukongoletsa malo anu ndi mitundu yokongola, yowala.
