Nkhaka ndi yabwino kwambiri kukula mmera. Zoyamba kubzala mbande zimafulumira ndondomeko ya fruiting, mbande ndizolimba komanso zothandiza.
Pofuna kupewa zolakwa, muyenera kusankha nthawi yoyenera kubzala nkhaka pa mbande ndikuchita zonsezi molondola. Kusunga, kuthirira, kuika zitsamba ndi zomera zamtsogolo - kukolola mtsogolo kumadalira pa zinthu zofunika izi.
Mutu wa lero ndi mbande za nkhaka: nthawi yobzala, makadi owerengeka pofesa nkhaka za mbande, mungabzala bwanji nkhaka za mbande molondola?
Pamene kudzala nkhaka mbande?
Nkhaka Zimakhala zokolola mwamsanga. Kuti zomera zikhale bwino, musazengereze kuika maluwa ndi mapangidwe a mazira, muyenera kusankha nthawi yoyenera kubzala nkhaka mbewu za mbande. M'mabedi obiriwira kapena m'munda ayenera kusuntha mbande zamphamvu, zopangidwa, koma zosapitirira.
Pamene kubzala nkhaka kwa mbande? Kuwerengera kotere kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi yofesa. Mungayambe kubzala mbande pamene dothi limatha kufika madigiri 15. Malingana ndi zizindikiro za anthu, nthawi ino imagwera pa maluwa aakulu a dandelions. Komabe, mbande zimasunthira ku nthaka yozizira yomwe idzaphuka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mwadzidzidzi chisanu chikhoza kupha.
Ndi bwino kusuntha ndikupita kumapeto - kutha kwa mayeso kapena kuyamba kwa June. Mitengo imasunthira kumabedi otseguka ngakhale patapita nthawi. Zambiri zimadalira nyengo yoyendera nyengo. Amaluwa amaluwa ayenera kuganizira zochitika za anzawo kuchokera kumadera awo.
Posankha nthawi yosunthitsa mbande ku malo osatha, mungathe kudziwa nthawi yabwino yomwe mungabzala nkhaka pa mbande. Kumadera ambiri a Russia ndi bwino kufesa iwo mu 20 April kapena kumayambiriro kwa May. Chikhalidwe choyenera cha mbande chidzafika mu masabata atatu.
Nthawi yotsiriza ya kukula kwa mbande kunyumba ndi mwezi umodzi. Kusachedwetsa kochepa pakuika m'munda kumachepetsa kwambiri zokolola.
Mbewu yofesa malamulo
Pofuna kubzala bwino nkhaka za mbande zimayenera kukonzekera:
- Mizinga ya mbande. Ndibwino kuti mubzale mbeu mu chidebe chochepa, chomwe chimalola kuti musasankhe. Brittle Root Cucumber System sichilola kuloledwa. Zopindulitsa - makapu apakati opangidwa ndi peat extruded kapena peat mapiritsi.
MFUNDO! Makapu abwino kapena mapulasitiki, zitsulo zopanda kanthu zochokera pansi pa kefir kapena yogurt, komanso miphika yosakanizidwa yomwe imachokera ku filimu ya pulasitiki.
- Chigamba chazitsulo zokha. Siziyenera kukhala zazing'ono kuti makapu asapitirire. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito tepi ya pulasitiki yapamwamba, phukusi la mkate, chophikira chakudya kapena kabokosi kakang'ono.. Njira yotsirizayi ndi yabwino kwa nkhaka zokhala m'miphika ya peat. Pamapiritsi a peat, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapaleti ozama kwambiri.
- Posachedwapa nthaka yosakaniza. Nkhaka kondani mchere wochepa. Kusakaniza kwa dothi la nthaka ndi humus kapena peat kudzachita; chifukwa cha mpumulo, pang'ono pirite kapena vermicult akhoza kusakanizidwa mu gawo lapansi. Mitengo yowonjezera mavitamini idzawonjezera thanzi la gawo lapansi: urea, potaziyamu sulphate, superphosphate kapena matabwa phulusa.
- Kuthirira Sprayer. Sichikutsuka nthaka, mowirikiza komanso kusapangitsanso chinyezi. Zing'ono zingathe kuthiriridwa ndi supuni ya supuni.
- Pulasitiki filimu kapena galasi. Amatumikira kuti aphimbe tanki ndi mbewu zomwe anabzala. Zimakhala zofunikira kutentha ndi mlingo wa chinyezi, popanda kusokoneza kupeza kwa kuwala.
- Mipata yomwe ili ndi dzina la mitundu kapena mapepala apulasitiki. Chofunika ngati anabzala osiyanasiyana mitundu ndi hybrids wa nkhaka. Zitsulo zimakonzedwa pamiphika kapena pallets, mbale zimakhala pansi.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji nkhaka za mbande kunyumba?
Musanabzala, mbewu zimasankhidwa, zopanda kanthu ndi zowonongeka zimakanidwa. Kuti bwino kumera, mbewu za zaka 2-3 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndibwino kuti musankhe mbewu zazikulu kwambiri, zimatsimikizira kuti ndizolimba komanso zothandiza.
Mbeu zosonkhanitsa Kuthamangitsidwa kumalimbikitsa, kugula mbewu nthawi zambiri sikunatengedwe. Alimi ena amamera mbewu, ena amakonda kuwuma iwo. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka ndi kutuluka kwa kanthaŵi kochepa mu njira yamadzimadzi yothandiza kukula. Werengani zambiri za kukonzekera mbewu musanafese.
Ndibwino kuti muwononge nthaka musanadzalemo., kuyendetsa pamadzi kapena kufungira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukhoza kuthira nthaka ndi madzi otentha a potaziyamu permanganate. Njirayi imapha tizilombo towononga zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la mbande.
Miphika kapena zida zina zili ndi nthaka. Pre Mabowo a ngalande ayenera kupangidwa m'munsi mwa thanki. Nthaka imaphwanya mopepuka.
1-2 mbewu zimayikidwa mu mphika uliwonse. Pogwiritsira ntchito mbewu za mitundu yosawerengeka yomwe yayamba kale kulengeza, ndizomveka kuzifesa imodzi ndi imodzi. Ngati ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito yowuma, imakhala bwino kubzala mbeu ziwiri. Izi zidzachepetsa chiwerengero chaukwati, chidzapulumutsa makapu ndi malo opanda pake pawindo.
Mbewu yaikidwa m'manda 1.5-2 masentimita. Mbewu zafesa zimabzalidwa mosamala, zowonongeka zimangowonongeka mosavuta. Kuyika kwawo ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito msomali wamatabwa. Mu nthaka ndi dzenje laling'ono, linayika mbewu.
Mbeu zowuma zimakula ndi zala zanu. Nthaka imaperedwa ndi madzi ofunda osungunuka kuchokera ku botolo la kutsitsi. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira: thawed, mvula kapena yophika.
Miphika kapena miphika imayikidwa pa phala. Musati muwaike pafupi kwambiri, koma zitsulo siziyenera kugwedezeka.
Kholali likhoza kudzazidwa ndi dongo lokulitsa, lidzagwirabe miphikayi ndikukhala ngati ngalande. Kulowera kumatsekedwa ndi pulasitiki ndi kuika kutentha. Kawirikawiri mphukira imaonekera masiku 5-6.
Ngati mapiritsi a peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala, chiwembucho chimasintha pang'ono. Kuvala peat kumaikidwa mu chidebe chakuya ndikudzaza ndi madzi otentha. Pamene mapiritsiwa akuphulika ndikusanduka zipilala, amaikidwa mu tray pulastiki. Nkhaka zambewu zimayikidwa mu mabowo omwe ali pamwamba pa mapiritsi. Ngati ndi kotheka, iwo akhoza kukulitsidwa ndi mankhwala odzola mano kapena chida china choyenera.
Mu mapiritsi a peat ndi bwino kudzala mbewu zouma.. Mbande zabwino zimatha kuvulazidwa pamene zimakakamizidwa kukhala ndi peat yakuya. Kuthirira gawo lapansi lonyowa sikofunikira. Sitayi yomwe ili ndi mapiritsi opangidwa ndi pulasitiki imayikidwa pamalo otentha musanayambe kumera.
Pambuyo pofesa nkhaka pa mbande, miphika imalembedwa ndi malemba kapena malemba omwe amasonyeza mitundu. Izi ndi zofunika makamaka pobzala zatsopano, osati zowonongeka kapena zowonjezera zowonjezera. Ndibwino kuti mulowetse deta pa mbande imodzi. Amasonyeza chiwerengero cha miphika, chiwerengero chawo, kubzala nthawi ndi mfundo zina zofunika.
Kufesa mbande kumafuna kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuwala. Amasunthira kuwindo lawindo lawindo lakumwera, kuteteza izo kuchokera pazithunzi. Kuti mukhale wodalirika kwambiri, magalasi ayenera kutsekedwa ndi filimu yowonongeka, yomwe imalepheretsa kutentha kwa mpweya.
Anabzala mbewu nthawi zina sprayed ndi madzi ofunda osaphika kapena owiritsa. Kuthirira kuthirira kuchokera ku kuthirira madzi sikungakonzedwe, ma jets a madzi akhoza kuwononga nthaka. Ngati dothi likukhazikika, mukhoza kuwonjezera gawo laling'ono popanda kuliphwanya.
N'zotheka kutsanulira nthaka pokhapokha mbande zikuwoneka pamwamba ndipo masamba amasinthidwa. M'masiku oyambirira obzala, mungathe kujambula filimuyi, ndiye iyenera kuchotsedwa kuti ziphuphu zikhazikike ndikukula.
Ngati mbewu ziwiri zidabzalidwa mu mphika, mzere wofooka uyenera kuchotsedwa. Simungathe kuzitulutsa, mizu ya chomera champhamvu ikhoza kuvutika. Mphukira yokanidwayo imadulidwa mosamala ndi mpeni pamwamba pa nthaka.
Mbeu zoyenera bwino zimamera msanga ndikukula bwino. Mbewu zazing'ono, zokonzeka kusunthira ku mabedi, ziyenera kukhala zolimba, zobiriwira, osati zotambasula. Mbeu zoterozo ndi chitsimikiziro cha kukolola kwakukulu, komwe sikungatenge nthawi yaitali kuyembekezera.
Choncho, tinakambirana nthawi yokala nkhaka pa mbande kunyumba, momwe mungamere bwino mbewu za nkhaka pa mbande?
Zida zothandiza
Onani zina zothandiza nkhaka mbande zowonjezera:
- Momwe mungakulire pawindo, khonde komanso pansi?
- Malangizo okula m'mitsuko yambiri, makamaka pa mapepala ndi mapiritsi.
- Pezani masiku odzala malingana ndi dera lanu.
- Zifukwa zomwe mbande zimatulutsidwa, masamba amauma ndi kutuluka chikasu, ndipo matendawa amakhudzidwa bwanji?
- Zinsinsi zonse za kudyetsa kolondola achinyamata mphukira.
