Blueberry munda Elizabeth: mawonekedwe abzala, chisamaliro ndi kubereka

Blueberries posachedwa adati chabwino monga mbewu yachilendo. Mtengowu udatchuka pakati pa wamaluwa m'madera omwe nthawi yozizira imakhala yotentha komanso nyengo yozizira chifukwa cha kukana kwake chisanu. Mndandanda wa mitundu yotchuka ikuphatikiza ndi mitundu yosachedwa kwambiri yakucha ya Elizabeti.

Mbiri yosankha

Ma buluu osiyanasiyana amachokera ku North America, kumene zipatso zimakololedwa zakutchire mpaka m'ma 1900. Mu 1906 kokha adayamba kugwira ntchito yolima mbewu. Woyambitsa anali Frederick Vernon Covill wa botan. Zosiyanasiyana Elizabeti ndi chiyambi cha haibridi, chomwe chimapezeka podutsa mitundu Katarin ndi Jersey.

Kufotokozera kwa kalasi

Chitsamba chowongoka cha mitengo yamdima ya Elizabeti chimafikira kutalika kwa 1.6 mpaka 1.8 m ndipo chimadziwika ndi kufalitsa nthambi zomwe zimaphatikizana wina ndi mnzake, ndikupanga korona wokulira. Mphukira zimakhala ndi tint yofiirira, yosonyeza kukana kwambiri kwa chomera. Masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yaying'ono, yobiriwira, yophimba. Maluwa ake ndi oyera ndi tingepi lofiirira.

Zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Elizabeti ndi zokulirapo, zosungidwa bulashi yaying'ono

Zipatso zoyamba kupsa kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti; zipatso zimatha milungu ingapo. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi, pafupifupi, mutha kukolola mpaka 5 kg. Zipatsozo zimakhala zokutira (zopendekera pang'ono pamitengo), zazikulu, ndi mulifupi mwake pafupifupi 22 mm, wandiweyani, zosungidwa burashi lotayirira. Khungu la zipatso ndi buluu wokongola wokhala ndimtambo wabuluu, pamwamba pamakhala kakala pang'ono. Pokolola, zimasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi mapesi. Wamaluwa pa kukoma amawoneka ngati amitundu yabwino.

Makhalidwe a Blueberries Garden Elizabeth

Ndi zabwino zochititsa chidwi, ma buluu Elizabeth ali ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe zingakhudze kusankha kwa mitundu iyi kuti ikulidwe pamalowo.

Ubwino:

• zipatso zosachedwa msanga - zomwe akuti zipatso zambiri (5-7 makilogalamu) nthawi zambiri zimakwaniritsidwa mchaka cha 5-6, ndizotheka ku chaka cha 4 pogwiritsa ntchito luso laulimi. M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira, chomera sichiloledwa kubala zipatso, kuyesera kuwongolera mphamvu zonse pakupanga chitsamba cholimba ndikukula kwa nkhuni;
• kukoma kwa mchere, momwe mumakhala zolemba zomveka bwino za mphesa;
• kucha ndi kupaka utoto ndi yunifolomu, popanda mithunzi yapakati;
• kukana mayendedwe;
• mitundu ya kukana chisanu (mpaka -32 ° C);
• kukana kwa kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha;
• maluwa samazizira nyengo yozizira, koma amavutika pang'ono ndi zipatso zobwerera;
• zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus (mochedwa choipitsa, kuvunda kwa mizu ndi khansa ya tsinde);
• zipatso sizigwa pakacha.

Mitundu ya Elizabeti ndiyotchuka ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha chisanu chokhazikika komanso kukoma kwambiri.

Chuma:

• kuchuluka kwa mbewu zomwe zalandiridwa kutchire mwachindunji zimatengera mphamvu yakuzizira kwa masika pazomera;
• alumali;
• ndi kuzizira koyambilira kwa nyengo yophukira, zipatso sizikhala ndi nthawi yakucha.

Zowongolera

Chinsinsi cha mbewu yolimba komanso kukolola kochulukirapo, kuwonjezera pa nyengo, ndikusankha koyenera kubzala, malo obzala mmera mtsogolo, komanso nthawi yomwe yabzala. Chofunikanso ndichakuti azisunga ma tekinoloje.

Kusankha kubzala zakuthupi

Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zodzala zimagulidwa ku malo odyeramo ana kapena malo osungirako dimba. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsa mbande za blueberry ndi mizu yotsekedwa. Ndikofunika kuti dothi lomwe mizu yake siuma.

Nthawi zambiri mbande za blueberry zimagulitsidwa mumzombo zokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka.

Mukamagula, muyenera kuyang'anira gawo la mbewuyo: momwe masamba, mphukira, makungwa. Ngati mphukira kapena masamba afota, mutakhala otupa kapena amangokhala aulesi, ndiye kuti simuyenera kugula. Mwambiri, mbewu ngati imeneyi imadwala kwa nthawi yayitali kenako ndikufa.

Ngati pamsamba kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti ali ndi chitsamba chamanda mabulangeti, chomera chobzala chitha kupezeka chokha.

Njira yofalitsira mbewu

Mbewu pankhaniyi zimachotsedwa ku zipatso zouma bwino. Kuti izi zitheke, zipatsozo amazidula ndikuzikanda, zomwe zimatsitsidwa ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino: zimayikidwa mchidebe chamadzi ndi kusakaniza bwino. Mbeu zofesedwa pansi ndizoyenera kubzala, zimachotsedwa ndi zouma. Pambuyo pake, amatha kuzipinda mu nsalu kapena matumba mapepala ndikusiyidwa kuti zizisungidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa malo ozizira, owuma. Miyezi itatu asanafikire, zikwama zimasinthidwa kupita mufiriji kuti ziziwayika.

Mbeu za Blueberry zimachotsedwa ku zipatso zopsa bwino.

Komanso mbewu mutangolandira zibzalidwe m'mabokosi. August ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yofesa. Dothi la Blueberry limapangidwira pasadakhale, kusakanizidwa ndi peat. Mbewu zimabzalidwa mozama pafupifupi 1 cm, ndikuwazidwa pamwamba ndi chisakanizo chamchenga ndi peat, ndipo bokosilo limakutidwa ndi filimu. Kutsirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya utsi.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutulutsa zitsamba zotumphuka m'mbale zodyera pambuyo poti masamba awiri enieni awonekera, ndipo kubzala poyera kumachitika kwa chaka chachiwiri mutabzala.

Choyipa chachikulu cha njira yobala iyi ndi kuchuluka kwa zipatso. Zoyambira zoyamba zokha kuchokera kuzomera zobzalidwa kuchokera ku mbewu zitha kupezeka pokhapokha zaka 7-8.

Njira zofalitsira zamasamba

Ma Blueberries omwe amapezeka ndi njira yazomera nthawi zambiri amayamba kubereka zipatso mchaka cha 4.

1. Kufalitsa ndi zodula: njirayi imadziwika kuti ndiyo yopatsa mwayi kwambiri. Mu nthawi yophukira kapena koyambirira kwam'mawa, magawo apakati kapena apical a mphukira zamphamvu za chaka chatha omwe amakhala ndi masentimita 0.5-1.2 amasankhidwa kuti azidula.Ulitali wa odulidwawu ndi wochokera pa 8 mpaka 15 cm. Mukamasunga zodula mwezi umodzi kutentha kwa 1-5 ° C, mwayi wozika mizu umachulukitsidwa. Kubzala kumachitika mu gawo lapansi lophatikizika ndi peat. Mbeu zimasinthidwa kukhala malo osavomerezeka mchaka chachiwiri.
   

   Magawo apical a mphukira yakucha amakhala mabulosi odzala

2. Kupeza zigawo ndi njira imodzi yofalitsira. Kuti muchite izi, mphukira zingapo zimapinda pansi, zimakhazikika ndi ma Stud apadera ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi. Pakatha zaka zochepa, mphukira zimakhala ndi mizu yawo, pambuyo pake, masanjidwewo amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera ndikuziika.
3. Pogawa chomera - chitsamba cha mabuliberi chimakumbidwa, ndipo pomwepo mizu inagawika kuti gawo lirilonse limakhala ndi chizimba chotalika masentimita 7. Masamba odulidwa amathandizidwa ndi makala opera, amabzala mitengo yatsopano.

Njira Yobzala Mabulosi a Blueberry

Kubzala mabulosi am'munda kumatha kuchitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena yophukira. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa mmera:

• mbewu zowonda ndi zofowoka zimabzalidwa masika;
• wamphamvu makope sadzapumira ikamatuluka m'dzinja.

Ndikwabwino kubzala baka mu kasupe masamba asanaphuke. Panyengo yotentha, mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu ndikukula bwino.

Kubzala bediwifi m'minda imasankha malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa ndi chitetezo pamphepo. Tizikumbukira kuti chomera sichimakonda dothi lolemera komanso lotentha, chifukwa chake chimabzidwa pamalo okwera kuti mthunzi kuchokera pamitengo ndi tchire zokulirapo sichiphimba mabedi. Dothi la mabuliberi liyenera kukhala acidic, chinyezi- komanso kupuma. Kuti muchite izi, maenje obzala amadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi momwe peat, kumtunda kuchokera pansi pa mbeu za coniffort kapena mchenga wamtsinje mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 3 chikuwonjezeredwa. The acidity yokwanira ndi pH 3.5-4.5. Ndikofunikanso kuyambitsa feteleza wazovuta m'minda. Zophatikiza feteleza sizowonjezeredwa, monga zamchere m'nthaka zimachitika.

Maenje ofikira akukonzekereratu.

• kuya - 0,6 m;
• m'mimba mwake - 0,1 m;
• kokhazikitsa - osachepera 2 m.

Ntchito:

1. Pansi pa dzenje, pankakhala matayala amiyala, zinyalala, njerwa zosemedwa kapena miyala.
2. Asanabzale, muli mbande zokhala ndi mbande zoyikira m'madzi kapena zothiridwa bwino kuti dothi lizichotsedwa popanda kuwononga mizu yolimba.
3. Kenako chimbacho chimatsitsidwa pang'ono kulowa mdzenje, kenako chimakutidwa ndi gawo lapansi lokonzekera, ndikupanga.
4. Bwalo lozungulira limayikika ndi utuchi, khungwa lamatabwa, tchipisi tamatabwa, udzu. Dothi la mulch limapangidwa masentimita osachepera 5 kuti nthaka isamatenthe, kuchulukana kwa tsinde mozungulira maudzu, komanso chinyezi.

Mutabzala, thunthu lozungulira liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mulching zakuthupi kuti muchepetse chinyezi.

Kanema: Kukonza dothi ndikubzala m'maluwa

Zosamalidwa

Thanzi limatengera chisamaliro cha buliberries, kuchuluka kwake komanso mtundu wa zipatso zakupsa. M'pofunika kudyetsa nthawi komanso kuthilira tchire kuti mutsitsire moyo wake.

Kuthirira

Blueberries Elizabeti amafunika madzi okwanira kuti akhwime. Kuphatikizika kumakhala kofunikira makamaka mu nyengo yotentha komanso youma. Kuthirira kumachitika osachepera 2 pa sabata, kupewa kuchulukana, komanso kuwononga nthaka. Mabatani awiri amadzi amadalira pachitsamba chimodzi: woyamba amawatsanulira m'mamawa, wachiwiri - madzulo, atatha maola 19.

M'madera akumwera, mabuliberi amafunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku ndi tsiku korona.

M'madera akum'mwera, mbewu zitha kupopera mbewu. Amapangidwa masana, dzuwa litalowa, kuti chisoti chachifumu chisalandire.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa michere kumachitika molingana ndi zaka za chitsamba, komanso kufowoka kwa nthaka.

Gome: Kutalika kwa nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza, kutengera zaka za buliberries

Kudulira

Ndikofunikira kuchita zachiyero chokongoletsa korona chaka chilichonse - kuchotsa nthambi zosweka, zodwala, zopanda zipatso. Kuchotsa mphukira zakale zomwe sizipanga zipatso, koma kumangokulitsa korona, zimakupatsani mwayi wogawa zakudyedwe m'tchire. Njira zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena nthawi yozizira, pomwe mbewuyo ikupuma. Kudulira koyamba kudzafunika zaka 5-6 mutabzala.

Pamaso pa njirayi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamalira mosamala mwatchutchutchu: kukulani ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti musateteze chitsamba.

Ndemanga

Zipatso zamtunduwu ndizazikulu kwambiri, zotsekemera komanso zonunkhira. Mukuzindikira kwanga kwakukulu - iyi ndi imodzi mwabwino kwambiri.

vasso007

//otzovik.com/review_5290929.html

Zipatsozo ndizazikulu, mpaka 2 cm. Mwa kukoma kwanga - iyi ndi mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri. Chiyero chofanana cha shuga ndi asidi.

Dolphin Wosaoneka

//otvet.mail.ru/question/75133958

Mitundu yakucha chakumapeto monga Elizabeth, Darrow ndi zina ndizochulukirapo komanso zokoma bwino.

Karl sson

//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=5798&st=380

Malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso odziyimira pawokha a mwana wanga wamkazi ndi ogwira nawo ntchito anayi, Elizabeth adatenga malo achiwiri (kukoma kwake kumawonekeranso kosavuta poyerekeza ndi Mtsinje, mthunzi wamphesa umatchulidwa kwambiri, ngakhale atinena za mitundu iyi kuti imakhala ndi mchere wotsekemera). Ndiyesetsa kumugwirizira Elizabeti kutchire, mwina kukoma kwake kuwululidwa mokwanira, apo ayi ndinamuwombera sabata ndi theka nditatembenuka. Zipatso zokhala ndi utoto zimasanduka buluu nthawi yomweyo popanda mawonekedwe apakatikati ndikupanga masipatso pang'onopang'ono (kamodzi kamodzi - ndikusandulika buluu), kachidutswa kakang'ono kokha pafupi ndi nthambi kamawonetsa kuti mabulosi sanaperebe.

buluu semmayi

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?p=1181912

... panali anthu ochokera ku Dera la Moscow omwe amamvetsetsa bwino, adatinso kuti Elizabeti alibe nthawi yopumira.

Leo Brest

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?p=1181912

Ma Blueberries a mitundu ya Elizabeth amadziwika ku USA, Germany, Poland. Kumpoto kwa Belarus, Ukraine, ndi Russia nyengo yamasamba sipamera, sipakhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa chisangalalo cha wamaluwa kukolola. Mukabzala ku Urals, zipatso zina zimatha. Ngakhale izi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Elizabeti imakhalabe yotchuka komanso yofunika kwambiri.