Kuonjezera ubwino wa nkhaka mbande ndi kuonjezera zokolola zam'tsogolo, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, kusintha maonekedwe a nthaka, pogwiritsa ntchito mchere kapena feteleza. Chofunika kwambiri ndicho kusankha pakapaka.
Nkhaka mbande zingabzalidwe mu peat makapu, mabotolo apulasitiki, matumba, ndipo ngakhale mazira a zipolopolo. Ndi bwino kuyesa zosankha zingapo, ndiyeno muime pa zoyenera kwambiri.
Nkhaka mmera mu pulasitiki mabotolo
Zitsulo zopanda kanthu - chidebe chabwino chodzala nkhaka. Amatha kukula mbande kapena zomera zazikulu. Mabotolo akuluakulu a pulasitiki amalowetsedwa m'malo mwa miphika yamba ndi zitsulo.
Kwa mbande, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo a kukula kwake. Kuchokera pazing'onozing'ono zapadera makapu. Mbali yam'mwamba imadulidwa ndi mpeni, wokonzedwa nthaka imatsanulira kumtunda ndipo mbande 1-2 zimabzalidwa. Dulani nsonga siyikuyenera kuponyera, ikhoza kuphimba mmera, ndikupangitsanso kanyumba kamene kakupangidwira. Werengani zambiri za kukonzekera mbewu musanafese.
Ndi zophweka kupanga makapu awiri kuchokera mu botolo, imodzi idzakhala pansi, ndipo ina idzakhala yosandulika pamwamba ndi kapu yotchinga. Musanayambe kulowera kumunda, chomeracho chimachotsedwa mosamala kuchokera ku chidebe cha pulasitiki pamodzi ndi nsalu yozungulira ya dziko lapansi.
Mu mabotolo akuluakulu asanu ndi asanu mukhoza kulima zomera zambiri.. Njira ina ndiyo kudula pamwamba pa botolo, komanso pansi, kuyika pa thireyi ndikudzaza ndi nthaka. 2-3 mbeu obzalidwa, pambuyo kumera ofooka kwambiri mbande amadulidwa, amphamvu amakhalabe.
Pamene masamba enieni angapo amaoneka pa mbande, akhoza kusunthira pansi kapena kutentha ndi pulasitiki. Chidzateteza chomera kumsongole, chidzakhala chitetezo cha chimbalangondo ndi tizilombo tina tizilombo.
Njira ya mbeu: matumba kapena mbiya?
Ambiri wamaluwa amakonda mbewu zopanda nkhaka zikukula njira. Mbewu zofesedwa m'nthaka, zisamaliro ndi zojambula zimachotsedwa. Pa mabedi otseguka njira iyi sakupatsani zotsatira zabwino., koma mukhoza kuyesa njira zowonjezereka ndikukula nkhaka m'mabolo kapena matumba.
Njira yamagulu imakulolani kuti muike zomera m'munda, wowonjezera kutentha kapena pa khonde. Matumba akuluakulu a pulasitiki wandiweyani ali ndi nthaka yokonzeka, ndodo ndi misomali imakhala pakati, yomwe zingwe za ma nkhaka zimayikidwa.
Nkhaka mbeu (3-4 zidutswa) obzalidwa thumba lililonse. Malo okhala ndi madzi ophimbidwa ndi zojambulazo. Pambuyo kumera, ikhoza kuchotsedwa.
Matumba ang'onoang'ono amalowetsa makapu ozolowereka kwa mbande. Amadzazidwa ndi nthaka, mbeu 1-2 zimabzalidwa mmodzi. Miphika yabwinoyo imasunga mbande zawo asanafike pamabedi. Musanayambe kusuntha mosavuta pamodzi ndi clod ya dziko.
Kubzala mbiya ndibwino kwa nkhaka omwe amakonda chikondi ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza organic.. Zidzatenga mbiya yokhala ndi madzi okwanira 100 mpaka 200. Zitsamba zamkati zimayikidwa mmenemo: kudula nthambi, namsongole, udzu, zinyalala za zakudya.
Unyinji uli wozungulira ndipo uli ndi munda wamtundu kapena udzu wosakaniza ndi kompositi yovunda. Vuto lalikulu limagwera pa masamba, nthaka yosanjikizika iyenera kusapitilira 10-15 masentimita. Kusakaniza kumathiridwa ndi madzi otentha, pambuyo pa kuzizira 6-8 nkhaka zimabzalidwa mu bwalo. Mphamvu imatsekeredwa ndi chivindikiro kapena filimu.
Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri, mbiya imatsegulidwa, kuzungulira iyo imakhazikitsidwa kumathandiza magome a waya wandiweyani. Kusamalanso kwa mbande kumakhala ndi kuthirira kwa nthawi yake.
Kugwa pansi, amachititsa nkhaka kufika kwa kuwala. Popachika pamphepete, zipsyinjo zidzagwa pansi. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa wamaluwa omwe alibe malo ogulitsira zomera ndipo akufuna kusunga nthawi yobzala mbande.
Onerani kanema pa momwe mungapezere zokolola zabwino kudera laling'ono mwa kubzala nkhaka mu mbiya:
Nkhaka mbande mu utuchi: wotchipa, wothandiza, eco-wothandizira
Chiwombankhanga ndi chosazolowereka, koma chosangalatsa cha gawo lapansi. Njirayi ili ndi ubwino wambiri. Chiwombankhanga ndi wotchipa, chosakhala ndi poizoni, iwo amasunga mwangwiro chinyezi chofunikira, kuchiteteza icho kuti chichoke. Zomera sizimakhudzidwa ndi zovunda kapena blackleg.
Mukasunthira kumalo osatha, mbande zimachotsedwa mosavuta, mizu ndi zimayambira sizivulazidwa, zomera zachangu zimakhazikika msanga ndipo sizikudwala.
Kale sawdust yasweka, zinyalala ndi nkhani zakunja zachotsedwa kwa iwo. Kenaka gawolo laphwanyidwa muzitsulo, zodzazidwa ndi madzi otentha ndi utakhazikika. Ngati mapepala apulasitiki kapena mapepala amagwiritsidwa ntchito, utuchi amayamba kutsanulira ndi madzi otentha, ndipo pokhapokha atayikidwa m'mitsuko.
Mu chikho chilichonse, mbeu ziwiri zimabzalidwa, kale zimamera mu nsalu yonyowa. Nkhaka mwakula mpaka 2-3 awiriawiri oona masamba amaoneka, ndiyeno anasamukira ku mabedi. Pambuyo pakuika, mbande zimafunikira organic kapena mchere zowonjezerapo..
Timakupatsani kanema pa momwe mungamere mbande za nkhaka osati popanda malo alionse:
Mazira a nkhuku: malingaliro a wamaluwa
Njira yapachiyambi yofulumira kukula mbatata mbande - gwiritsani ntchito katsamba kakang'ono. Zomera zimakula bwino, sizikusowa kuti zisawonongeke, zowonongeka ku mizu. Pofika pakhomo, mukufunikira zipolopolo zolimba ndizochotsedwa pamwamba, komanso zida zamapepala kuti muzitha mazira.
Momwe mungabzala nkhaka za mbande mu mazira a eggshells? Pansi pa chipolopolocho amadzazidwa ndi nkhono kapena nthiti yakuda.. Khola lokoka ndilofunikira kuti muyambe madzi owonjezera. Zigobowo zimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yokonzeka, mbewu ziwiri zimabzalidwa m'modzi ndi zozama.
Miphika ya mazira imayikidwa pa mapepala a mapepala, ophimbidwa ndi zojambulazo ndi kuziyika kutentha kwa mbewu kumera. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira compact bedi amasunthira ku kuwala.
Ndikofunikira Kuwunika chinyezi cha nthaka, ndi bwino kuthirira zomera ku botolo la kutsitsi kapena supuni.
Pamene 6-7 mwa masambawa akufalikira pa mbande, ikhoza kusunthira ku bedi la munda. Chipolopolocho chimapangidwira ndi manja kuti chiwononge umphumphu. Ankaika okonzeka mabowo nkhaka mbande mu dzira chipolopolo, owazidwa ndi lapansi. Zotsalira za dothi la dzira zidzakhala ngati feteleza wowonjezerapo kwa nkhaka zazing'ono.
Peat, pulasitiki kapena makatoni: ndi zabwino kwa nkhaka?
Zovomerezeka ndi zitsimikizirika njira - kukula nkhaka mu makapu kwa mbande. Zapangidwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha peat ndi makatoni otulutsidwa. Pakuti nkhaka ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zing'onozing'ono zolemera pafupifupi masentimita 10.
Makapu amadzazidwa ndi nthaka yochepa kuchokera kunthaka ya nthaka ndi humus kapena peat. Mu thanki iliyonse, mbeu ziwiri, zothandizidwa ndi wolimbikitsira kukula, zimabzalidwa. Makapu awayikidwa pamphuno yophimbidwa ndi zojambulazo. Mpangidwe umayikidwa kutentha mpaka kumera.
Mbande zazikulu sizikusowa kusankha. Mphukira yofooka iyenera kudula ndi mpeni, popanda kukoka. Pambuyo pa mawonekedwe awiri awiri awiri a masamba owona a chomera obzalidwa pamabedi pamodzi ndi miphika.
Asanaikidwe, amadulidwa, zomera, pamodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko lapansi, amachotsedwa ndikupita ku mabedi.
Nkhaka m'maseĊµera: njira yosinthira
Njira ina yoyambirira - kubzala mbatata mbande mu chikhomo.
Zida zabwino ndi zabwinobwino zimapangidwa kuchokera ku filimu ya pulasitiki kapena matumba. Mbewu imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichitiridwa ndi stimulator kukula kapena kumera mu nsalu yonyowa ya thonje. Pakatikati mwa thumba la pulasitiki, litaikidwa patebulo, adatsanulira mulu wa dziko lapansi.
Pa izo anayikidwa nkhaka mbewu, sprayed ndi madzi, pang'ono ataponyedwa pansi. Chokwaniracho chikulumikizana bwino mozungulira dothi kuti apange kapu yaing'ono. Mbali ya pansi imakwera ndi tucks pansi pa mpukutuwo. Zopangidwira zowonjezera zimayikidwa pa katolo.
Asanayambe kusindikiza filimuyo, chomeracho, pamodzi ndi clod ya dziko lapansi, chimapita ku bedi la munda.
Sankhani njira yoyenera yokula nkhaka mbande ingakhale yolimba. Zonse mwa zosankha zomwe zilipo ndizothandiza. N'zotheka kuti panthawi ya kuyesayesa kudzatha kukhala ndi njira yatsopano, yomwe siinayesedwe, koma yothandiza kwambiri popeza mbande zamphamvu, zathanzi, zowonjezereka.
Zida zothandiza
Onani zina zothandiza nkhaka mbande zowonjezera:
- Momwe mungakulire pawindo, khonde komanso pansi?
- Pezani masiku odzala malingana ndi dera lanu.
- Zifukwa zomwe mbande zimatulutsidwa, masamba amauma ndi kutuluka chikasu, ndipo matendawa amakhudzidwa bwanji?
