Kumvetsetsani kuti kudzala nkhaka pa mbande zotseguka? Malangizo a kufesa, kuika ndi kusamalira, komanso ngati n'zotheka kufesa mbewu poyera

Nkhaka - chomera chomera ndi kuziika zimaphatikizapo zokongola zoipa.

Koma kuti apeze nthawi yokolola, amaluwa ambiri amasankha kukula nkhaka kupyolera mu mbande.

Kuti masamba asungidwe mwamsanga ndikupitiriza kukula kumunda, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena okumbidwa.

Lero ife tikupeza mafunso awa: nthawi iti kubzala nkhaka pa mbande kuti zitsegulidwe, momwe mungachitire izo molondola ndi zomwe muyenera kuziganizira?

Nthawi iti?

Zifukwa ziwiri ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha nthawi yoika: nthaka ndi kutentha kwa mpweya ndi zaka za zomera.

Nthawi

Nthawi yoyenera kubzala nkhaka yotseguka pansi - kutha kwa may.

Monga lamulo, panthawiyi mpweya usana umapweteka madigiri 20, ndipo usiku kutentha sikugwera m'munsimu 15-17.

Nthaka yakuya masentimita 10 ayenera kutentha mpaka madigiri 12.

Koma ngati kuli kozizira panja, musamafulumire kulowa pansi.

Pachifukwa ichi, mapulasitiki asanu-litita mabotolo ndi abwino kwambiri. Iwo anadula pansi pa iwo ndi chifukwa chipewa chivundikiro nkhaka chitsamba. Madzulo kuti athamangitse kutaya chivindikiro, usiku uphimbe botolo. Kutembenuka mtundu wa mini-hothousezomwe amakulolani kuti mubzala nkhaka pansi kwa masabata awiri kapena awiri.

Zaka za mbande

Nkofunika kubzala ndi zaka za mbande. Mbewu ya nkhaka iyenera kuwerengedwa mwanjira yakuti ndi nthawi ya kutuluka iye anapanga 3-4 woona masamba. Ndi panthawiyi pamene mbewuyo ili ndi mizu yokwanira, ndipo idzasintha kusintha kwa malo olima. Gawoli la chitukuko limatha kufikira zaka 20-25 patatha masiku kumera.

Kukonzekera kukweza

Mbande za nkhaka musanayambe kutseguka pansi ziyenera kukonzedwa kuti zichitike. Ngati mutenga zomera zosakonzekera dzuŵa ndipo kutentha kumasintha ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaika m'nthaka, nkhaka zimafa.

Masabata awiri asanatuluke, mabokosi a nkhaka ayenera kuyamba pamsewu..

Choyamba, kwa kanthawi kochepa, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezereka.

Sankhani kukhazikitsa malo otsekemera malo otetezedwa kuchokera kuzithunzi.

Kwa kuyenda koyamba, sankhani tsiku lotentha, lopanda mphamvu.

Kupewa matenda opatsirana matenda Masiku asanu ndi limodzi (5-6) musanadzalemo, perekani zomera ndi yankho la Epin kapena Immunocytophyte.

Kukonzekera mabedi

Ndikofunika kusankha malo abwino oti mubzala nkhaka pa tsamba. Musaiwale kuti nkhaka zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda, ndipo posankha malo muyenera kuganizira zomera zomwe zinalipo pa chaka chatha.

Simungathe kubzala nkhaka pambuyo pa dzungu, zukini, sikwashi, vwende. Oyambirira kwambiri ndiwo tomato, tsabola, eggplant, kabichi ndi anyezi. Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi nkhaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ndi chochepa.

Malo a nkhaka ayenera kukhala momwe angathere kuwunikira ndi dzuwa. masana ndi nthawi yomweyo makamaka kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Musati mubzale nkhaka mu zolembera, mwinamwake zokolola siziyembekezera.

Bedi la nkhaka likuyenera kukumbidwa bwino, kuwonjezera humus ndi nitrophoska ku nthaka (supuni pa mita imodzi). Ngati nthaka ili ndi acidity yambiri, yikani mandimu kapena phulusa pamene mukumba. Nkhaka amakonda kumasuka, kuwunikira kowalaChoncho ngati malo anu akulemera, nthaka yandiweyani, m'pofunika kuwonjezera peat kapena mchenga.

Uliwonse wa mabedi uyenera kusankhidwa m'njira yosamalira zomera (80-90 cm). Kwa nkhaka, ndibwino kuti apange pamwamba, atakwezedwa ndi masentimita 15-20 pamwamba pa mlingo wonse wa mabedi. Kutalika koteroko kumapangitsa kuti mizu ikhale ndi kutentha kokwanira.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Musati muzigona pabedi kuposa masentimita 130. Pankhaniyi, mufunika kudzala nkhaka mu mizere itatu, ndipo zidzakhala zovuta kusamalira zigawo zapakati.

Bedi lofunda la nkhaka

Chofunika kwambiri chokula nkhaka ndi bedi lofunda pogwiritsa ntchito biofuels.

Zikatero, mizu ya masamba idzalandira kutentha kokwanira ndipo panthawi yomweyo idzapatsidwa chakudya.

Ndizofunika adzafulumizitsa kukula kwawo ndi kubweretsa zokolola pafupi.

1. Kwa kupanga mabedi digs ngalande 40-50 masentimita ndi 1 mita lonse. Udzu umachotsedwa mmenemo ndipo manyowa ovunda wothira udzu wouma amaikidwa pansi. Zosanjikiza ndizofanana ndi 20-30 cm.
2. Kuchokera pamwamba pa chinsaluchi muli ndi dothi lochotsedwa mu ngalande. Kutalika kwa nthaka ayenera kukhala 20-30 masentimita.
3. 1-2 masiku musanadzalemo nkhaka, bedi limakhetsedwa ndi madzi otentha ndiphimbidwa ndi filimu yakuda. Pa nthawi yobzala, nthaka kutentha pa kama wogona adzakhala opambana, ndi Mizu ya nkhaka imaikidwa mu nthaka yofunda, ndi zosavuta kuti mizu ikhale yolimba.

Ngati simungathe kupanga bedi lofewa, mukhoza kuika msuzi wachitsulo m'dothi lililonse mpaka 40-45 masentimita, ndikuwaza pamwamba pake ndi nthaka. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala zofanana.

Tekeni yamakono

Ndibwino kuti mukule nkhaka peat miphika kapena mapiritsi. Njirayi imalephera kuvulaza mizu yovuta ndikuyimira chomera chilichonse pamodzi ndi clod yapadziko lapansi mumabowo okonzeka.

Kwa kubwerera, kukumba mabowo kukumbidwa, kuya kwake kumayenera kulumikizana ndi kutalika kwa mphika kapena dothi ladothi limene mbewuyo imayikidwa.

1. Zitsime zili pamtunda wa 20-30 masentimita pakati pa wina ndi mzake, pakati pa mizere pakati pa zomera ziyenera kukhala 40-50 masentimita. Musanadzalemo, dzenje lidzakhetsedwa ndi madzi.
2. Mbande mu miphika ya peat yomwe anabzala dzenje nawo, kukulitsa lonse kutalika. Ngati nkhaka imakula mu kapu, ikani iyo, ndipo mutenge tsinde ndi dzanja lanu, chotsani mosamala dziko lapansi. Yesetsani kuchita mosamala popanda kuwononga mizu yovuta.

ZOCHITIKA! Pangani malo okha madzulo, makamaka pambuyo pa 17.00. Ngati njirayi ikuchitika m'mawa kapena madzulo, kutentha kwa dzuwa kumatentha zomera zanu, zidzafota ndi kufa.

3. Zomera zimayikidwa mu nthaka kwa masamba a cotyledon. Nthaka pozungulira imaphwanya mopepuka ndi kuthirira madzi. Pansi pa chomera chilichonse muyenera kuthira madzi okwanira 1 lita imodzi, kuti nthaka ikhale yothira mochuluka.
4. Pambuyo kuthirira, pamwamba pake muyenera kukhala pansi ndi udzu wouma kapena udzu wabwino kuti chinyezi chisasunthike. Mukhoza kuphimba pamwamba ndi pepala lapadera.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Musamwe madzi nkhaka ndi madzi ozizira, madziwa akhale otentha pang'ono.

Kutuluka m'masiku oyambirira pambuyo kutsika

Mutabzala nkhaka m'munda ndi zofunika kugwedeza kwa 1-2 masikukotero kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa sikuwotcha masamba. Musafulumire kumwa madziwo mpaka mizu ikhale mizu - chinyezi chokwanira pa nthawi ino chikhoza kuwapangitsa iwo kuvunda. Kuthira koyamba mutatha kukwera kungatheke masiku 2-3..

Masiku 14 mutabzala mu nthaka, nkhaka akhoza kudyetsedwa ndi organic feteleza.

Kodi mungabzala bwanji nkhaka panja ndi mbewu?

Ngati simunakwanire nkhaka mu makapu mungathe kuzifesa mobisa. Malangizo okonzekera mabedi ndi ofanana ndi kubzala mbande.

Mbeu ikabzala mbeu yotseguka? Nthawi yabwino yofesa ndi May 15-20. Panthawiyi, kutentha kwa dothi kumawomba mpaka madigiri 16-18 ndipo mbande zidzawoneka masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Kufesa kumachitika m'zitsime, 2-3 mbeu iliyonse, mpaka kuya 2-3 masentimita. Chiwerengero cha mbeu chikuwonjezeka ngati ena mwa iwo sakukula. Ngati zitsanzo zonse zauka, sankhani champhamvu kwambiri ndikuchotsani. Mukamachotsa, musatuluke mphukira zosafunikira kuchokera m'nthaka, monga momwe mungagwirire otsalawo.

Samulani mosamala pamwamba pa mutu, kusiya mizu pansi. Kupopera kumapangidwa osati kale kuposa mapepala atatu omwe amapangidwa. Panthawiyi, kale ndi kotheka kupeza chomera cholimba kwambiri, komanso kuthetsa imfa yomwe yatsala mu dzenje.

Mukamabzala mtengo wamitundu yosiyanasiyana chisanadze kumera chingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, ikani iwo mu nsalu yonyowa pokhala ndi malo pamalo otentha. Musanayambe, mukhoza kumwa mbewu ndi mankhwala "Epin" kapena "Zircon".

Izi zidzateteza matenda awo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikufulumira kumera. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza njira yothetsera potassium permanganate kapena madzi a tsamba la aloe.

Pambuyo pa masiku 4-5, mudzawona zikuphuka. Mbewu yomweyo imera imodzi panthawi iliyonse bwino. Musachedwe mpaka mbeuyo ikhale yaitali - mukhoza kuwononga pamene mutabzala, ndipo simungakula.

Pofesa koyambirira, njere sizimawongolera, monga momwe zowonongeka zimayamba kuvunda.

Ndibwino kuti afesa nkhaka m'mawu awiri, pogwiritsa ntchito zosiyana.. Poyambirira, kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu saladi - kuyambira pakati mpaka kumapeto kwa May. Mid-nyengo ndi mochedwa, kwa salting - pachiyambi ndi pakati pa June.

Kugwirizana ndi malamulo a kubzala nkhaka pamalo otseguka kudzakuthandizani kuti mutenge nthawi yokolola ya masamba okoma ndi othetsa bwino pa chiwembu chanu.

Kotero, ife tinakambirana ndikupeza nthawi yoti tifetse mbewu za nkhaka kuti tizitsuka mbande?

Zida zothandiza

Onani zina zothandiza nkhaka mbande zowonjezera:

• Momwe mungakulire pawindo, khonde komanso pansi?
• Malangizo okula m'mitsuko yambiri, makamaka pa mapepala ndi mapiritsi.
• Pezani masiku odzala malingana ndi dera lanu.
• Zifukwa zomwe zimachokera mbande ndi masamba owuma ndi kutembenukira chikasu?
• Zinsinsi zonse za kukonzekera mbewu musanafese ndikukula mphukira zazing'ono.