Tomato ndi olimba kwambiri pa matebulo athu kuti akhala gawo lalikulu la chakudya cha anthu ambiri. Pali mitundu yambiri ya chikhalidwe kuti sikuvuta kupeza tomato kuti alawe - yaying'ono kapena yayikulu, yozungulira ndi yochepetsedwa, yofiira, yachikasu komanso yakuda.
Chaka chilichonse, obereketsa amawonetsa wamaluwa atsopano atsopano ndi makhalidwe abwino. Koma pali mitundu yodziwika bwino yomwe ikukondweretsa kukula wamaluwa ndi zokolola zabwino, kukana matenda ambiri. Kukula tomato m'mabotolo kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wokolola bwino kwambiri, monga momwe mbewuyo ilili ndi microclimate yabwino. Anthu omwe samakonda tomato okha, komanso amakula okha, adzakondweretsanso kuti tiwone za mitundu yambiri ya phwetekere ya greenhouses.
Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa kutentha ndi zipatso za nthaka?
Ngati tiwona kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zomera zobiriwira, ndiye kuti sizing'ono, ndichifukwa chake mitundu yambiri ya zomera zowonjezera zimakula ndi wamaluwa omwe amawoneka bwino. Zing'onoting'ono za malo otsekedwa sungathe kulekerera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.. Kawirikawiri amafunikanso kutsirira nthawi zonse, koma nthawi yomweyo amatha kupuma mosavuta kutentha kwa mpweya kuposa madigiri 35.
Mitundu ya msewu pa kutentha uku imayamba kumasula masamba. Ngati wowonjezera kutentha ndi wochepa, ndiye kuti wamaluwa amadziwa kulangizako zomera, chifukwa kuchokera kwa iwo mukhoza kukolola zambiri kuchokera pamtunda umodzi.
Makhalidwe apamwamba ololera hybrids
Ngati pali tinthu tating'onong'o ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga, ndipo mukufuna kukula tomato, ndiye kuti mukufunika kubzala mbewu zowonjezera. Zing'onoting'ono za tomato ziyenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe otsatirawa:
- chokolola chachikulu;
- kutentha kapena kupsa;
- Makhalidwe apamwamba a zipatso;
- Kukaniza matenda ndi mavairasi;
- kulawa;
- transportability ndi kusunga khalidwe;
- makonzedwe kafupipafupi a maburashi ndi zipatso zaifupi internodes;
- mapangidwe opitirira ma inflorescences ndi ma racemes.
Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nyemba za phwetekere zakumwa tomato ku greenhouses, popeza nthawi ya kukula kwa mbeu imagwa panthawi yomwe matendawa akukula mwamsanga ndipo zokololazo sizikupezeka.
Mitundu yobiriwira yotetezedwa ndi matenda
Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu imeneyi, ndizosatheka kusankha imodzi kapena ziwiri zokhazokha. Chilichonse mwa mitundu yosiyana kwambiri chiri ndi makhalidwe ake enieni.. Ndipo ndi munthu yekhayo amene angadziwe ngati adzamuyenerera kapena ayi. Taganizirani zotchuka ndi zofunidwa ndi wamaluwa omwe amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato chifukwa chokula mu kutentha.
Intuition f1
Nyamayi ya pakati, imapanga 1 stalk, kukula kwake komweko kulibe malire, choncho, kumafuna garter.
Zipatso zowonongeka, zopangidwa ndi 100 g zotsutsana ndi kupunthwa ndi kusweka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yodzikweza komanso yosatengeka ndi matenda akuluakulu a nightshade.
Kostroma f1
Sredbrian hybrid ndi kutalika kwa phesi 2 mamita. Pa tsiku la 106 mutatha kumera, mukhoza kuyamba kusonkhanitsa zipatso zofiira, zokoma zolemera magalamu 150. Mosamala akhoza kupereka zoposa 5 makilogalamu a phwetekere ku chitsamba. Zosiyanasiyana Kostroma f1 kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Rosemary f1
Mitengo yayikulu, yovomerezeka, yofiira pakatikati, yomwe imayamba kupatsa zipatso pa tsiku 116, kuyambira nthawi yolavula mbewu. Unyinji wa phwetekere imodzi ndi magalamu 400.
Rosemary f1 wosakanizidwa ndi phwetekere yowonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo sichidziwika ndi matenda ambiri.
Mpaka makilogalamu khumi ndi anayi a zipatso akhoza kukolola kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi pa nyengo yokula.
Chio-chio-san
Zabwino kwambiri, oyambirira wakucha wosakanizidwa. Maburashi amapangidwa pa tsinde ndi kukula kosalekeza. Pa burashi iliyonse ya tomato pali tomato 50 wolemera 40 g aliyense, mwa mawonekedwe a maula.
Kuchokera nthawi yobzala, kufikira nthawi yoyamba yokolola, masiku 100 amatha kupitirira mpaka 5 kg ya zipatso akhoza kupezeka ku chitsamba china.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, makamaka fodya, nthawi zina, kupezeka kumafunika.
Tikupereka kuwonera kanema za Tomato Chio-chio-san:
Blagovest f1
Yoyamba wosakanizidwa ndi tsinde kutalika kwa mamita 1.5. Iyamba kubala chipatso patatha masiku 100 kuchokera pakangoyamba kumene. Zipatso za magalamu 100, zomwe zimachokera ku chitsamba chimodzi zimatha kuposa makilogalamu asanu. mtundu wosakanikirana umene umagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana komanso matenda a fungal.
Verlioka f1
Tsiku loyamba kucha tsiku limodzi ndi theka la mita. Mpaka 5 kg ya zipatso zonunkhira zokoma, masekeli 100 g iliyonse, zipse pa chitsamba chimodzi. Maphunziro a Verliok a f1 apamwamba kwambiri ndi owonjezera chitetezo cha matenda ndi mavairasi ndi bowa.
Zina
Mndandandawu sukumaliza ndi mitundu yololera kwambiri, iwo amawerengedwa kuposa 1000, pansipa pali mitundu yochepa yowonjezera yomwe, malinga ndi ndemanga ya olima odziwa bwino, amasangalala ndi zokolola zambiri:
- Westland f1.
- Fatalist f1.
- Baldwin f1.
- Admiro f1.
- Giligala f1.
- Rhapsody-NC f1.
- Evpatoria f1.
- Talitsa f1.
Mitundu yoletsa matenda ku Russia
Kowonjezera kutentha ndi dongosolo labwino kwambiri lomwe limatha kubwezeretsa malo abwino kuti azikula tomato m'katikati mwa Russia, kuphatikizapo zotsatira zovulaza. Mu malo odyera obiriwira pali chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga zomera ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.. Pofuna chitetezo, amafesa mitundu yochepa yomwe ingawathandize.
Kudzaza koyera
Zosiyanazi si zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, zimakhala ndi kukoma kwa zipatso ndi zipatso zokolola. Chitsamba chomera pamtengowo ndi chodziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala ndi masamba pamtengo, sichiyenera kumangirizidwa - kutalika sikumacheza masentimita 60, ndipo simudzasowa kumera.
Zipatso zopitirira 8 makilogalamu amapezeka pamtunda umodzi wa malo otentha. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri, koma silingalekerere kuphulika, motero osapsa 4 mabzala ayenera kubzalidwa pa 1 mita imodzi.
Dzuŵa
Mitengo yabwino kwambiri yobala zipatso ndi nthawi yaitali fruiting, yomwe ikhoza kubala zipatso zopitirira 9 kg kuchokera pamtunda. Phwetekere ya masiku zana limodzi ndi tsinde la 1.5 mamita. Mitundu ikuluikulu ya maburashi, imapanga tomato 18 polemera magalamu 70. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato Dzuwa limagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, koma silingalekerere kukula. Kwa nthawi yaitali fruiting amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, kupanga mavitamini ndi kumasula nthaka.
Dobrun F1
Zosangalatsa, zololera kwambiri, pakati pa nyengo yowakanizidwa ndi kukula kosalekeza kwa tsinde lalikulu. Chitsamba chiri champhamvu, chosowa magalasi, kuchotsa zigawo zotsalira ndi kuzunjika pamwamba.
Dobrun F1 zosiyanasiyana zimayamba kukulitsa pa tsiku 110 - mpaka 6 zipatso zokwana 200 g iliyonse imapangidwa nthawi zambiri pamapiri omwe nthawi zambiri amakhalapo.
Nthawi yofesa yotchulidwa ndi March, kutuluka kwapakati ndi pakati pa May. Chikhalidwe kokha kwa malo otsekedwa. Ndibwino kuti mukusamala kuchokera kumtunda umodzi wa dera lanu mukhoza kupeza makilogalamu 10 okoma, obiriwira, zipatso zonunkhira. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti zosiyanasiyanazi zimasungidwa bwino - zikhoza kusungidwa mu chipinda zinthu popanda kuperewera kwa zokolola kwa miyezi limodzi ndi theka.
Gina
Gulu la Srednerosly ndi chitsamba chokwanira cha masentimita 60, chokhazikika, osasowa galasi ndi kuchotseratu zigawo zomangira. Zipatso zimayamba kuphulika pa tsiku la 115 kuchokera nthawi yomwe ikuphulika. Kulemera kwa phwetekere imodzi ndi 280 magalamu. Ndi mamita 1 lalikulu mukhoza kusonkhanitsa makilogalamu khumi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Gin.. Kuwonjezera pa zokolola zazikulu, chidziwikire cha zosiyanasiyana ndi kucha kwa zipatso. Nyamayi imatha kukana matenda.
Timapereka kuwonera kanema za mtundu wa tomato osiyanasiyana:
Mtsuko wofiira
Kumayambiriro, kumapirikitsidwa kwambiri - kuchokera pa mita imodzi ya masentimita mukhoza kuphunzira makilogalamu 30 a zipatso zazing'ono. Chitsamba chimakula mamita okwera ndipo chimayamba kupereka mbeu pambuyo pa masiku 95. Chomera chokhala ndi chitetezo chabwino kwa matenda ambiri a tizilombo. Zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa kuti zitsekedwe pansi ndipo zimafuna kusamala.
Zina
M'poyenera kumvetsera mitundu yotsatira ya tomato yopatsa mafuta:
- Altaechka.
- Sosulechka.
- Chomera chafamu.
- Belgorod cream.
- Mtima wamtima
Kukolola kwakukulu kwa tomato kumadalira osati kokha pa osankhidwa osiyanasiyana, musamanyalanyaze nthawi yamadzi okwanira, feteleza, ndi malo abwino kwambiri kuti chitukuko chabwino ndi kukula kwa tomato.
Kutsiliza
Pali mitundu yambiri ya tomato ndipo mukhoza kutenga hybrids ndi zomwe mukufuna katundu ndi zipatso zokolola. Alimi ena amaopa kuyesera, ndipo adabzala mitundu yoyesedwa yokha, koma pachabe.
Chaka chilichonse, obereketsa amagwira ntchito yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana imene imapereka zakudya zambiri komanso nthawi yochulukirapo, komanso zimakhala zovuta kukaniza matenda a tizilombo ndi tizilombo. Mu nyengo yotentha ndi bwino kukula mitundu yambiri..
Inde, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti amafunika kusamala - kupanga mapangidwe ndi chitsamba, koma mbewu zotere zimapereka bwino.
