Kwa zaka zambiri, obereketsa apeza mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala, komabe chikhalidwe sichiima, kotero nthawi zina timatha kuona kusintha kwa chilengedwe komwe kumapanga mitundu yatsopano. Lero tikambirana za peyala ya Williams Red, kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuyankhula za mphamvu ndi zofooka zake.
Mbiri yopondereza
Zomera zosiyanasiyana "Williams" zidabzalidwa m'chaka cha 1796 ndipo adatchulidwa dzina lake ndi mchimwene wa Williams Christa, koma kusiyana kofiira kunayambira palokha, mwachangu, popanda chidziwitso cha umunthu. Ndiko kuti, peyala "Williams Rouge Delbara" si chipatso cha kuyesera kwa obereketsa, koma kusintha kosavuta kwa chilengedwe.
Kulongosola kwa mtengo
Mbali ya pamwambayi ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa ya Williams. Korona imapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a piramidi, osati yokhuthala. Nthambi zimakula pamtunda wa 40˚ pafupi ndi pansi, ndipo apical amawombera pansi ngati mawonekedwe a arc. Mapepala a mapepala sangakhale osiyana mu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kuchokera muyezo. 
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti khungwa pamtengo limasweka, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, osati ndi ntchito ya tizilombo.
Onani mitundu ina ya mapeyala: "Otradnenskaya", "Lada", "Fairytale", "Veles", "Rogneda", "Nika", "Talgar beauty", "Duchess", "Petrovskaya", "Severyanka", "Avgustovskaya dew "Kokinskaya", "Bryansk Beauty", "Thumbelina", "Hera", "Favorite Klapp", "Marble", "Chikondi".
Kufotokozera Zipatso
Kusiyanitsa "mutant" kuchokera ku chipatso, "Williams" ndi chophweka, chifukwa choyamba chimakhala chowala kwambiri. Mapeyala sali ojambula pansalu zofiira komanso zofiira, komanso amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofunika kwambiri.
Kulemera kwake kwa zipatso ndi 200-250 g. Mapeyala ali ndi khungu lochepa. Nyama ndi yachikasu, yofewa kwambiri komanso yowutsa mudyo. Kukoma ndi lokoma kwambiri peyala ndi kukoma kwa nutmeg. Pali zowawa pang'ono. 
Mukudziwa? Ku Switzerland, zipatso za peyala zimapanga madzi otentha kwambiri, omwe amatchedwa "uchi wa peyala", koma zokomazi sizikugwirizana ndi uchi wamba.
Zofunikira za Kuunikira
Mtengowo umabzalidwa pamalo otseguka, chifukwa ukusowa dzuwa ndi kutentha. Ngakhale kumeta pang'ono kumakhala kosavomerezeka, popeza korona wa mtengo uli wandiweyani, ndiye chifukwa chake mphukira zapafupi zimakhala zosauka.
Zosowa za nthaka
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakonda nthaka yothira bwino kwambiri, choncho nthawi yomweyo pitani nyemba pa gawo lachonde, kapena mugwiritse ntchito humus, phulusa kapena superphosphate yokwanira mutabzala. Ngati dothi liri losauka, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza chaka chilichonse. 
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti peyala sichikufuna madzi ochulukirapo, choncho ngati simungathe kusintha bwino nthaka, yikani ntchito yake: yonjezerani mchenga kapena mupange dothi lokongola la dongo kapena miyala yabwino.
Ndikofunikira! Nthaka sayenera kukhala yowawasa kapena yamchere, ndi bwino kumamatira kumalo osalowerera.
Kuwongolera
Mwatsoka Mitundu imeneyi ndi yopanda mphamvu, choncho ndithudi idzafunika mapiritsi ena. Zabwino ndi izi: "Chokondweretsa Clapp", "Forest Beauty" ndi "Bere Gardi". 
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mitundu ya samobzoplodnye ya zipatso imayenera kupeza mungu kuchokera ku mitundu yomwe ilibe zipatso. Ngakhale ngati pali tizilombo, mtengowo sungabereke mbewu iliyonse pokhapokha pali mitengo ina yoyenera kuyendetsa mungu pafupi.
Fruiting
Zipatso "Williams Red" zimayamba pokhapokha ali ndi zaka zisanu. Mpaka mtengo uwu ukhoza kuphuka, koma thumba losunga mazira sizingachitike.
Ndikofunikira! Ndalamayi imapangidwa ndi mbeu ya quince.
Nthawi yogonana
Pofuna kugwiritsira ntchito, zipatsozo zimachotsedwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, popeza kuti nthawi imeneyo amayamba kukula, ndipo mapeyala sadzafunika kucha. 
Kukolola kukolola kumachitika kumapeto kwa August, ndipo mankhwalawa amafunika kucha kwa masiku 16-18.
Pereka
Zokolola zambiri ndi matani 10-12 pa hekitala, pokhapokha ngati mtengowo udzapatsidwa zovala zapamwamba, nthawi ndi madzi.
Mukayerekezera ndi zoyera "Williams", mutant amapereka zochepa kupanga.
Transportability ndi yosungirako
Pokusungira katundu mu malo ozizira, otsekemera bwino, mapeyala amakhala kwa miyezi pafupifupi 2-2.5. Pamene mazira, masamu a moyo amakhala osachepera chaka chimodzi. 
Kutha kwa kayendedwe kawirikawiri. Ngati mutengedwera zipatso zowonongeka, mankhwalawa amalandira zowonongeka kwambiri. Ngati mapeyala atsekedwa bwino, ndiye kuti kuwatenga pamtunda wautali sikopindulitsa chifukwa cha kutayika.
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
Mitunduyi imakhala yosiyana ndi nkhanambo, ndiko kuti, imakhudzidwa kokha ngati zinthu zikukula sizikukhutiritsa. Tiyenera kunena kuti "Williams wofiira" ali pachiopsezo ku matenda ngati amenewa: cytosporosis, zowola zipatso, dzimbiri, khansa ya mizu.
Mukhoza kuchiza matenda onse kupatula khansara. Matendawa samachiritsidwa ndipo amafunika kuwonongedwa kwa nkhuni zomwe zimakhudzidwa, komanso kutsekula kwa nthaka, kuti "matenda" asafalikire kwa zomera zina. 
Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mizu yonse ikukhudzidwa ndi khansara, ndizowonjezereka kubzala mtengo ndikuwutentha. Ngati kachigawo kakang'ono ka mizu kamakhudzidwa, ndiye kuchotsedwa, ndipo mizu yathanzi imachiritsidwa ndi 1% mkuwa wa sulphate.
Matenda ena ndi ovuta kuchiza ndi fungicides. Choyamba, mwamsanga muwononge bowa zonse zomwe ziri parasitic kapena ziwonongeke pamtengo. Chachiwiri, simukuyenera kudziwa kuti ndi matenda ati omwe amathyola peyala kuti agwiritse ntchito mankhwala oyenera. Ndikokwanira kugula zozizwitsa zambiri ndikupha bowa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda nthawi yomweyo.
Ponena za tizirombo, peyala imakhudzidwa ndi zowonongeka za zomera izi: nsabwe za m'masamba, kuyamwa, nyerere ndi nsikidzi, komanso chitetezo cha California. 
Kuti chiwonongeko cha tizilombo tonse, makamaka pa mtengo wamtali wamkulu, ndi bwino kupempha thandizo la chemistry. Mtengowu umachiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Frost kukana
Kukaniza chisanu kumakhala kosavuta, choncho sikoyenera kulima kumpoto. Komabe, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti maluwa ali ndi chisanu chabwino, kotero kuti musatayikire mbeu yonse, pamapeto a masika nyengo imasankha kupanga pod.
Zipatso ntchito
Mapeyala a zosiyanasiyanazi amagwiritsa ntchito. Iwo, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsira ntchito moyenera, akhoza kuuma, kupanga vinyo pa maziko awo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito marinades. 
Mukudziwa? Mitengo ya peyala imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira ziwiya zophika, monga "sizimadzikundikiritsa" zonunkhira ndipo sizikuwonongeka chifukwa cha chinyezi.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Kenaka, timalongosola mphamvu ndi zofooka kuti tiwone ngati tizitsuka mutant m'deralo.
Zotsatira
- Zamtengo wapamwamba ndi kulawa makhalidwe a mankhwala.
- Good khola zipatso.
- Mapeyala ndi olemetsa kwambiri.
- Mtengo uli ndi msinkhu waung'ono, womwe umakulolani kuti musonkhanitse chipatso mosavuta.
Wotsutsa
- Kutsika kolimba chilala ndi chisanu.
- Zimakhudza pafupifupi matenda onse a peyala, choncho mankhwala ndi mankhwala amafunikira.
- Kudzikonda sikulekerera kupanga munda wokha chifukwa cha "Williams of the Red".
Malinga ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, tingathe kuona kuti zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti zili ndi "zosavuta" zomwe zili pamwambapa, sizisiyana ndi momwe zimakhalira ndi matenda kapena zowonongeka kwa nyengo, choncho silingabzalidwe kuti zipange mbewu zomwe zidzagulitsidwe. Kupanda chitetezo cha matenda kumalimbikitsa eni ake kuti azichita nthawi zonse mankhwala, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe cha ukhondo, komanso kulipira. Choncho, "Williams Red" ndi yabwino yokha kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya m'munda ndikuyesa china chatsopano.
