Rhododendron: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Rhododendron ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa masamba osatha pakati pa wamaluwa. Dzinalo la mtunduwu limakhala ndi magawo awiri: "rodon" amatanthauza "rose", ndipo "dendron" amatanthauza mtengo. Maluwa ake amatha kukongoletsa munda ndi chipindacho, ndipo chisamaliro chake chopanda chidwi chimapangitsa mbewu kukhala yabwino kwa oyamba kumene. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa pang'ono pang'ono za momwe mungabzalire ndikulima rhododendron mu munda.

Malamulo okonzekeretsa

Rhododendron ndi mbewu yobiriwira yobiriwira ya banja lachi Vereskov. Kukhala wa banja limafotokoza kufanana kwa maluwa a chitsamba ichi ndi maluwa otuwa. Pali mitundu yokwana pafupifupi 1000 ya rhododendron, mwa iwo mulibe zitsamba zokha, komanso mitengo ndi mitundu yamkati.

Kufalikira Rhododendron Nova Zembla

Zosiyanasiyana ma tchire osiyanasiyana, monga akufotokozera maluwa okonda maluwa, amakula bwino m'zipinda, makamaka makonde ndi loggias. Nthawi zambiri, rhododendron imakhalapo ngati mtengo m'minda ya m'minda kapena nyumba zina.

Nyumbayo iziwoneka bwino ya rhododendron bonsai

Kubzala Rhododendron panthaka yachilimwe

M'chilimwe, kubzala rosewood sikulimbikitsidwa. Nyengo yamvula ndi dzuwa lowala zimasokoneza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mbande.

Ngati mukufuna kubzala mbewu m'chilimwe, ndikofunikira kuganizira malamulo angapo:

• Kubzala ndizotheka patatha masabata awiri okha kuchokera nthawi ya maluwa ya Rhododendron. Potentha, mbewuyo imaphuka kuyambira Meyi mpaka June, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yabwino yobzala imayamba mu Julayi.
• Ndikwabwino kubzala chitsamba munyengo yamvula. Nyengo yamvula izitha kuthetsa chiopsezo chokomera, thandizani mizu mwachangu.
• Ndikofunika kutseka mbewu zazing'ono kuchokera ku dzuwa. Izi zitha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi kusankha koyenera kukafika pamalopo kapena makonzedwe a denga.

Musanabzale Rhododendron, ndibwino kuchotsa maluwa pachomera. Potere, mmera umawononga mphamvu osati maluwa, koma mizu.

Kubzala Rhododendron poyera masika

Akatswiri amati masika ndiyo nthawi yabwino pachaka kubzala rosewood mu nthaka, kapena m'malo mwake, kuyambira pa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi. Ndikofunika pano kuti tisachedwe mpaka maluwa atayamba kumanga tchire.

Nthawi zina Rhododendron wabwinobwino amabzalidwa nthawi ya kugwa, koma kwa gulu lapakati ndikwabwino kusankha masika. Chomera chimayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu chisanazizire, ipezeni mphamvu kuti izitha nthawi yachisanu.

Ndi bwino kubzala mbande wazaka 2-3

Momwe mungabzalire rhododendrons poyera

Kupanga malo oyenera kuthengo chitsamba ndiyovuta kwambiri kuposa nyumba. Muyenera kutsatira malamulowo posankha malo omwe mungakulire Rhododendron, ndi nthawi yofikira.

Nthawi yabwino yokwira

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, tchire la rose limabzalidwa m'nthaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Koma ndikofunikira kusankha osati kokha nyengo, komanso nyengo yoyenera.

Nyengo yamfambo, yopanda mvula ndi mphepo, yomwe ingokhala masiku angapo mutafikira - yabwino. Izi zimapereka chofunikira pakuwombera ndikuchotsa chomera chomwe chili ndi chilala kuti chisaume m'nthaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ipangitsa ntchito yosamalira m'munda kuthirira mosavuta.

Kusankhidwa kwa tsamba

M'dera lomwe anakonza kubzala dimba lamaluwa, pasakhale chifukwa cha kuwombera mphepo kapena kuwala kwadzuwa. Njira yabwino ikakhala malo pafupi ndi khoma la nyumbayo, m'bwalo kapena pamthunzi wamtengo wamtali.

M'derali, mabedi a maluwa otuwa amaphimbidwa ndi mthunzi wamtengo.

Momwe mungamwere

Kutsirira kumachitika bwino ndi madzi ofewa. Madzi abwino bwino kapena madzi amvula ndi abwino. Komabe, siziyenera kukhala zachisanu kuti isamasule mizu ya mbewu (ndikofunikira kuyang'anira izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe).

Chabwino, ngati malowo amakhala odzazidwa nthawi zonse. Potere, madzi azikhala ndi nthawi yokwanira komanso kutentha mpaka kutentha kwakukulu, komwe kumakhala kofunikira posamalira mbewu zina.

Rhododendron ndi maluwa okonda chinyezi. Nthaka yozungulira sayenera kukhala youma, apo ayi masamba adzayamba kutayika ndi kusakhazikika. Masamba akangotuluka, muyenera kuthirira chomera kuti chinyezi chikadutsa mpaka 30 cm.

Malo oyaka kapena owuma

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, titha kunena kuti dothi la kukula kwa Rhododendron liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono.

Kutsirira pafupipafupi sikokwanira kumadera ouma. Ndikofunikira kupanga mawonedwe obisika a tsambalo, omwe angathandize osati kungowabisa, komanso kuwongolera chinyezi. Njira yabwio kutsata ndikukhazikitsa zodulira zokha.

Koma kuthirira pafupipafupi, komanso nthawi yayitali mvula ikhoza kuvulaza mbewuyo. Ngati m'derali muli mvula yambiri komanso yamvula yambiri, muyenera kuganizira zopangira chomera.

Kudzala dzenje ndi dothi

Kwa rhododendron, malamulo onse obzala ndi kusamalira poyera, komanso kapangidwe ka nthaka ndikofunikira. Ziyenera kukhala zopepuka zokwanira, zovomerezeka kwa mpweya ndi madzi.

Mwa zina zoyenera kuphatikiza dothi losakanikirana, ndikotheka kusiyanitsa mchenga, peat, nthaka yamasamba, singano za conifer ndi khungwa, peat. Ngati m'derali muli nkhalango zobiriwira, dothi kuchokera pamenepo ndi labwino ngati mumasakaniza ndi peat pang'ono.

Kuti muwone acidity, muyenera kukonza dothi laling'ono m'madzi, ndikuyika mayeso a litmus. Chizindikiro chomwe mukufuna ndi mtundu wake wowala wa lalanje.

Kukweza acidity kumatha kukhala kopanda vuto kwa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito citric acid, tincture wa sorelo kapena viniga.

Sc Scale

Dzenje lotaya liyenera kukhala lokwanira kuwirikiza ndi dothi lomwe limakhala ndi chitsa, mozama - osachepera 0,5. Mimbayo iyenera kuyikidwa pansi pa dzenjelo, chifukwa ndiyofanana:

• mchenga wowuma;
• miyala yabwino;
• zidutswa za njerwa zofiira;
• nsapato;
• makungwa a paini.

Zosanjikiza ziyenera kukhala pamwamba pa kukwera kwakukulu kwa madzi a kasupe. Izi ndikuti tilewe madzi pambuyo pa chipale chofewa.

Zambiri za kukula mu nyengo yozizira

M'madera ozizira (Siberia, Urals, Far East) ndikwabwino kusankha ma rhododendrons osazizira. Kukula ndi kusamalira chomera munyumba yachilimwe kudzakhala kosavuta pamenepa.

Mitundu yoyenera:

• Nyali Zagolide;
• Chichewa Roseum;
• Roseum Elegans;
• Nova Zembla;
• FGM Elite.

Njira yabwino pothana ndi nyengo yozizira ndi kukonza galubo wowonjezera kutentha pamunda. Mkati mwagalasi kapena kapangidwe ka pulasitiki, simungangobzala rosewood, komanso kubzala maluwa ena, ndikuikanso benchi ndi tebulo holide yotentha.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti m'malo ngati amenewa, mbande zimafunika kubzala kokha mchaka chomera, pomwe chomera sichidaphuke. Rhododendron iyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu isanayambike nyengo yozizira.

M'nyengo yozizira, tchire liyenera kutseka ndi njira zam'munda zakale kuti zisafe nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunika kutsegula rhododendron mutazizira mu March, nthawi yomweyo chisanu chitasungunuka.

Kodi chaka cha Rhododendron chimakhala pachaka bwanji mutabzala

Zomera zamtundu wa Rhododendron zimatha kutulutsa bwino chaka chamawa mutabzala. Maluwa oyamba (mchaka chodzala mmera) ayenera kudulidwa kuti mbewuyo ipezenso mphamvu kuti ikule ndikukula.

Kodi mungaphatikizire chiani rhododendron m'munda wamaluwa

Munda wa Rhododendron ndikofunikira kuphatikiza molondola ndi mbewu zina patsamba. Mizu ya mbewuyi ili pamalo osaya m'nthaka, ali ndi mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri. "Oyandikana nawo" ayenera kukhala ndi mizu yoyambira. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mbewu zonse zikhale ndi michere yokwanira m'nthaka ndipo sizigwirizana.

Mnansi wabwino mwa mawonekedwe a chitsamba ndi rhododendron oak, paini kapena larch. Mbali imodzi, nthambi zake zimapereka shading yofunikira, inayo - mizu yawo yolimba singasunthe ndikuchotsa michere ya shrub. Osabzala Rhododendron pafupi ndi birch, mapulo, linden, chestnut.

Rhododendron ndi hydrangea pafupi

Hydrangea ndi chitsamba chowongolera chomwe ndi njira yoyenera yoyandikana ndi chitsamba Rhododendron. Kwa dimba limodzi wamaluwa, mitundu yama hydrangeas yomwe imaphuka bwino mu mthunzi (Prekoks, Floribunda chikasu) ndi yoyenera.

Kuphatikiza ndi ma rhododendrons, ma hydrangeas amadzaza mpweya wopanda kanthu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, mikhalidwe yosamalira mbewu ndiyofanana. Zomwe mungachite ndikusiya mwayi wama hydrangeas a nthawi yophukira yophukira kwa mphukira.

Njira zolerera

Chomera cha Rhododendron chimafalikira m'njira zitatu: mbewu, masanjidwe ndi kudula. Njira yambewu imakuthandizani kuti muthe kumera mbewu bwino, koma mumatha nthawi yambiri ndikuchita khama. Maluwa oyambilira amatha kupezeka zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zokha pambuyo pomphuka.

Nthawi zambiri, duwa limafalikira chifukwa cha masanjidwe:

1. Chapakatikati, kuthawa kwakung'ono kumasankhidwa.
2. Golosale yotalika masentimita 15 imakonzedwa, momwe mphukira imayikidwa pakati.
3. Dzenje limadzaza ndi dothi ndi peat.
4. Mbali yakumwambayo imamangiriridwa ndi msomali.
5. Mukugwa, zidutswazo zimadulidwa kuchokera kwa chomera cha mayi ndikuziika kumalo atsopano.

Zoyikidwazo zitha kuyikidwa m'manda momasuka komanso molimba - zimatengera njira iti yomwe ili yabwino m'derali.

Kuyika mizu

Kudula kwa rhododendron kumachitika motere:

1. Mphukira zopendekeka ndi theka zimasankhidwa, kudula pamodzi kutalika kwa 5-8 cm.
2. Masamba amachotsedwa m'munsi mwa mphukira, kudula kumayikidwa muzu wothandizira kuyambitsa.
3. Pambuyo maola 16-20, mphukira zimayikidwa m'nthaka ya peat ndi mchenga, wokutidwa ndi wowonjezera kutentha.
4. Mitundu yowola imamera mu 1.5-2 miyezi, yobiriwira nthawi zonse m'miyezi 3-4.

Kubzala mizu yodulidwa kumafunika kukhala limodzi ndi dothi lomwe laphimbidwa ndi thanki yozika mizu.

Kudulira

Kusamalira Rhododendron kumaphatikizapo kudulira mbewu m'chaka. Muyenera kuthana ndi nthambi zouma kuti mukwaniritse kuthengo.

Sikoyenera kupanga korona wa chitsamba ichi, chifukwa icho chokha chimawoneka bwino. Mothandizidwa ndi kudulira, mutha kungosintha kutalika kwa chitsamba kapena kufalikira korona.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndikofunikira kudula inflorescence yozizira chilimwe mu nthawi.

Momwe mungagwiritsire rhododendron kumalo atsopano

Popeza ndizovuta kusamalira bwino Rhododendron mkati mwa lat latini, chomera sichingakhale chowoneka bwino chaka chamawa. Malo osapindulitsa kapena nyengo ya chisanu imathanso kukhudza kukongola ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa otuwa.

Kuika chomera chinyamata kudzathandiza kukonza zinthu. Izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena kugwa koyambirira. Ndikofunikira kusankha nthawi pomwe nyengo ndiyabwino komanso chinyezi ndi chambiri.

Kusamalira maluwa ozizira

Kusamalira maluwa a Rhododendron mutatha maluwa obiriwira kumakhala kuthirira kambiri nyengo yamvula. Kuyambira nthawi yophukira, maluwa a mitengo sangathe kuthiriridwa ngati mvula yayamba. Mwezi wa Novembala, mutha kuyamba kutentha ma tchire pamizu ndi wandiweyani wosanjikiza peat.

Kuti mbewuyo ithe nthawi yozizira, mizu yake iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi:

• wosanjikiza wa spruce kapena nthambi za paini;
• chimodzi kapena ziwiri za burlap.

Ndikofunika kuteteza tchire tating'ono kuchokera kumphepo. Omwe alimi ena amapanga zida zoyendetsedwa bwino ndi matabwa, masileti ndi zinthu zina zotheka kuzizira. Kufundako kumachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo chisanu chisanathe, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu.

Mwanjira imeneyi mutha kutenthetsa chitsamba nthawi yachisanu

Mavuto, matenda ndi tizirombo ta duwa

Mu tchire la heather, tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Njira zamankhwala zakhala zikudziwika kuyambira kale, ndipo ngakhale alimi osadziwa azitha kupulumutsa rhododendron kuimfa.

Njira zochizira nkhuni kuchokera ku tizirombo:

1. Tizilombo ta gastropod tchire tifunika kutolera pamanja; Tiram yankho imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kuwoneka.
2. Nsikidzi zofunda, nthata za akangaude kapena zofunda zimawonongedwa ndi Diazinon. Chipangizocho chimagwira osati chitsamba chokha, komanso nthaka yapansi panthaka.
3. Mothandizidwa ndi Karbofos, tizilombo tina timawonongeka.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira izi kapena zina, ndikofunikira kutsatira kwambiri malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa. Kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala kumatha kuvulaza mbewu zina m'munda wamaluwa.

Matenda a fungus amathetsedwa motere:

1. Dzimbiri ndi malo owonera zimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito osakaniza a Bordeaux.
2. Mukamawonekera m'masamba chifukwa cha chlorosis, chelate chachitsulo chimawonjezeredwa ndi madzi othirira.
3. Khansa ikayamba, nthambi zomwe zimakhudzidwazo zimadulidwa kwathunthu kapena gawo lathu labwino.

Pofuna kupewa matenda kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira komanso kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mtengo umalapidwa ndi msanganizo wa Bordeaux.

Zikakhala kuti zapita patsogolo, kuthira chitsamba kupita kumalo okonzedwa bwino kumathandiza.

Kukongoletsa kwenikweni kwa dimba kapena kanyumba kanyengo kadzakhala Rhododendron. Kubzala ndi kusamalira chitsambachi pamafunika kuchita khama, koma nthawi ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira zimakhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso onunkhira kwa miyezi ingapo.