Rhododendron Wowola: mitundu, kubzala ndi kusamalira

Rhododendron ndi chitsamba chokongola kwambiri chokhala ndi malo otentha kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Mabasi okhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana mosachedwa adatchuka pakati pa wamaluwa ndi okongoletsa. Koma munthu wokongola uja anakana nthawi yozizira nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira. Chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimbika ya obereketsa, mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa ya Rhododendron idadulidwa. Ali ndi kukana chisanu kale ndipo amatha kupirira nyengo yozizira kwambiri yophukira.

Ma Rhododendrons onyenga ndi zitsamba zotsika (1-1,5 m), omwe amatha kuphimba korona wonse ndi maluwa. Maluwa a mithunzi yonse (kupatula mtundu wabuluu yekha) amaumbidwa ndi belu, lalikulu, akhoza kukhala okongoletsedwa ndi mawanga achikuda, mabulangete, mphepete mwa wavy. Pamaluwa, chitsamba chimakwaniritsa kukongola kwake ndi fungo labwino.

Pamaluwa, izi zimasinthananso.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Zosiyanasiyana ma decoduous rhododendrons adakhala maziko opanga mitundu yambiri yophatikiza. Koma, ngakhale izi, mitundu yokongola imatha kupezekabe m'minda ndi m'masitolo ogulitsa.

• Rhododendron deciduous chikasu ndiye kholo la mitundu yosakanizidwa. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu 7c ma PC. Zidzidzimutsa ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino kwachikasu. Chimodzi mwamitundu yopanda kunyada.
• Mitundu ya ku Canada ili ndi maluwa amtundu waung'ono (mpaka 3 cm mulifupi). Kutalika kwakukulu pakati pa chitsamba ndi 1 m, kukula pachaka sikuposa 15 cm.

Mitundu ya Kamchatka ndiyosiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo.

• Kamchatka osiyanasiyana ndi chitsamba chowoneka ngati milo. Koma kukana kwake chisanu kunapangitsa kuti azipeza ma hybrids ambiri. Tamba laling'ono limangokulira mpaka 30 cm. Maluwa akulu amatengedwa pazinthu zazing'ono zitatu ndipo ali ndi utoto wowala bwino.
• Rhododendron waku Japan ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwala othandiza kupha chisanu. Chitsamba chotalika kwambiri cha mita ziwiri chimakula kwambiri mpaka 25 cm pachaka. Maluwa akuluakulu (mpaka masentimita 8) amapaka utoto wowoneka bwino, wapinki komanso wa salimoni.

• Kuwala Kowala Kapena Kuwala. Maluwa ndi oyera, oyera, achikaso, pinki, nsomba, ofiira. Zitsamba zazitali sizilimbana ndi chisanu kwambiri - mpaka -40 ° C.
• Klondike ndi mitundu yotchuka. Maluwa a mawonekedwe osazolowereka, chikaso chamoto chokhala ndi tint yofiyira, masamba ndi ofiira. Shrub ya mawonekedwe ozungulira, imafika kutalika ndi mulifupi mpaka mita.

Bright Klondike

• Zozimitsa moto Magulu ofiira owala bwino a maluwa akulu sangasiye aliyense wopanda chidwi. Mitengo yokongola modabwitsa yopanga masamba, masamba odabwitsa a masamba ndi isanayambike yophukira. Imakula mpaka mamita awiri kutalika ndi korona wandiweyani ndi masamba owala atali.
• Rhododendron Rosie. Chitsamba chokongoletsera ndi zipatso za pinki zazikulu kwambiri zamaluwa akuluakulu. Shrub imafika kutalika kwa mita 1.5. M'dzinja, masamba amakhala burgundy.

Momwe mungadziwire mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Chimodzi mwazosiyana kuchokera ku mitundu yobiriwira nthawi zonse ndiyokhala maluwa ambiri. Mitundu yowoneka bwino imakhala ndi nthambi zambiri zapamwamba kuposa theka-deciduous kapena wobiriwira nthawi zonse. Kusiyana kwina ndi chipolowe cha mitundu yophukira pamasamba amitundu mitundu.

Mitundu ya Autumn ikuchulukirapo pamitundu yosiyanasiyana

Pofika m'dzinja, masamba amasintha mtundu kuchoka ku chikaso chamoto kukhala chofiira. Chitsamba chokongoletsera kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira chimakhala bwino kwambiri. Izi zotulutsa thupi sizimakula msanga; zimangobwereketsa kwambiri kutengulira ndi kukongoletsa korona. Kukana chisanu kwa chisanu kumakhudzanso kusankha kosankhidwa.

Mitundu yowola sikhala yosankha bwino pazokonzanso komanso zolimba, choncho ndioyenera kwa oyambitsa wamaluwa, okonda mtsogolo a rhododendrons.

Sankhani mbande

Mbande zazing'ono zimapezeka bwino kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika kuti asamve zowawa zosautsa.

Wopambana kwambiri amakhala mbande zomwe zimamera m'miphika kapena panthaka yomweyo, komwe chitsamba cham'tsogolo chidzamera.

Rhododendron deciduous mbande

Kuonjezera mwayi wa mizu yazomera komanso kukula kwa chitsamba cham'tsogolo, mmera ukhale:

• zaka 2-4 zaka;
• chitsamba chabwino, ndipo mphukira zichokere kumunsi kwa thunthu;
• masamba osalala athanzi amtundu wakuda wobiriwira (mukamagula mukugwa, chikaso, matoni ofiira ndikotheka);
• yokhala ndi mizu yathanzi, yopanda zizindikiro zowola ndi malo amdima.

Tchire tating'onoting'ono tomwe timalimidwa moyenerera sikhala otsika:

• wamkulu kuchokera kumbewu - 12-15 masentimita kutalika;
• zopezeka ndi zodula - 20-25 cm.

Pomwe mukadzala decoduous rhododendron

Mukamasankha malo okukula chitsamba, muyenera kuganizira:

• Rhododendron sakonda madera otseguka ndi dzuwa. Mtunda uyenera kuyimitsidwa pang'ono. Ndizotheka theka la chitsamba litayatsidwa, ndipo tsiku latsikuli lili pamthunzi. M'nyengo yozizira, kugwedezeka kwamtondo kuyenera kukhalanso kuti tipewe kupindika kwa nthambi komanso khosi la mizu.
• Ndikofunikira kuteteza chitsamba ku mphepo, koma mpweya watsopano ndi wofunikira pakukula koyenera.
• Chitsamba chimafa msanga pamalo pomwe madzi amadzisokosera nthawi ndi nthawi. Olima amalimbikitsa kubzala tchire pang'ono paphiri kuti madzi asakhale pamizu nthawi yamvula komanso chipale chofewa.

Kunja kofikira

Kubzala ndi kusamalira zina za decoduous rhododendron kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa apamwamba ndi ophuka bwino. Musanabzike panthaka, ndikofunikira kukonza nthaka, mmera ndi dzenje lakutsogolo:

• Nthaka imakhala acidic pang'ono. Kuphatikizidwa kwa peat, mchenga, dothi lamasamba ndi coniferous humus ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yophukira bwino pamera. Asanabzala, osakaniza amasungunuka ndikulemeretsa ndi feteleza wa mchere.
• Mmera womwe udagulidwa mumphika womwe udapezedwa nthawi yophukira ndi mizu yakufa kuzungulira poto. Mizu youma iyenera kuchotsedwa, koma dothi lachilengedwe limangothandiza kukula ndikuzolowera nyengo zina.
• Dzenje lobzala lakuya masentimita 50 ndi mainchesi 80 80 liyenera kukhala ndi wosanjikiza wa njerwa wosweka kapena dongo lotukulidwa ndikulimba kwa masentimita 15. Pambuyo pakuzika mizu, ndikofunikira kusiya mizu ndikudula pansi.

Kuti musunge chinyezi ndi michere, mozungulira mphukira muyenera kuyika dothi ndi singano kapena peat.

Kutalika kwa mulch kuzungulira duwa

Zosavuta za chisamaliro

Kukula mwachangu ndi maluwa kudzakhudzidwa ndi izi:

• Mavalidwe apamwamba. Zakudya zochepa kapena zowonjezera zokha, kamodzi sabata iliyonse kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi mumakonzanso dothi la mulch ndikuchotsa namsongole. Kutsegulira dothi kuyenera kufikiridwa mosamala momwe mungathere, popeza mizu ya Rhododendron ndiyapamwamba komanso yosalimba.
• Pambuyo maluwa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa maluwa onse owuma kuti apangitse kuyambitsa maluwa kwa chaka chamawa.
• Kudulira kwa masika ndi yophukira ndikofunikira chimodzimodzi ndipo nkofanana mwanjira ina. Chapakatikati, chomeracho chimakhala chokonzekera maluwa, polimbikitsa kukula kwa nthambi. Nthambi zonse zowonongeka zimachotsedwa nthawi yachisanu. Kudulira masamba kumakonzekeretsa chitsamba kuti chigonere. Pano mphukira zazitali kwambiri zimachotsedwa, ndipo korona wa chitsamba amapangidwa.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Usanadye nyengo yozizira, mitundu yosakhazikika imamwetsedwa m'madzi onse nthawi yonseyi.

Mbande zazing'ono zimafunikira malo abwino osungirako nyengo yachisanu. Ndi wandiweyani wosanjikiza mulch, ndikofunikira kuphimba mizu ndi khosi mizu. Nthambi zimateteza ku mphepo ndi chisanu ndi lutrasil kapena spandum.

Mizu ya chomera chachikulire imafunikira gawo lina la singano kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 20 cm kutalika. Kwa nthambi, chimango chimapangidwa kuchokera ku matabwa kapena ndodo zomwe sizingafanane nazo.

Kuchokera pamwambapa chimakutidwa ndi spandum, ndikusiyirani dzenje loti mpweya wabwino.

Rhododendrons Wokhazikika M'nyengo yachisanu

Ndi kuyambika kwa kasupe, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nyengo - ngati mpweya watentheza mokwanira, ndipo dothi likadakuzirabe, ndiye kuti muyenera kuphatikiza kuthirira ofunda kuti mudzutse mizu ya chitsamba.

Mavuto okula

Ngati tsamba la kukula silisankhidwa molakwika, chitsamba sichimaphuka. Zifukwa zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana - kuyatsa, kuthirira, nthaka, mphepo. Ngati sizinali zotheka kupeza zifukwa, muyenera kusuntha chitsamba kumalo okonzekereratu ndikuchisamalira mosamala kwambiri.

Maluwa ofooka. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa inflorescence kuzimiririka kuti mbewuyo isawononge mphamvu pakapangidwe kabokosi kambewu.

M'nyengo yozizira, masamba ndi masamba afota. Zifukwa zake ndi kutetezedwa bwino kwa chitsamba ku mphepo nthawi yozizira.

M'nyengo yozizira, mitundu yopanda chivundikiro imatha kuvutika ndi chisanu chachikulu cha chipale ndi madzi oundana panthambi. Kupewa izi, chimango chimayenera kupangidwanso ngakhale chamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mapangidwe oterowo amatenga chisanu chochuluka mwa iwo okha, kupulumutsa maluwa.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Zinthu zabwino sizimalola chitsamba kupweteketsa, nthawi zambiri chimatha kugwidwa ndi tizilombo.

• Matenda nthawi zambiri amakhala obadwa mwachilengedwe. Popewa, masika aliwonse, chitsamba chimathandizidwa ndi sulfate yamkuwa.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi, mphukira ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti tizirombo. Pakati pawo mutha kupeza nthata za akangaude, nsikidzi, mphutsi za mealy. Ngati tizirombo tikapezeka, zitsamba zimathandizidwa ndi njira zapadera (zoweta malinga ndi malongosoledwe a mankhwalawo).

Mitundu yowola ndiyabwino ngati chitsamba choyamba cha Rhododendron m'munda. Iwo ali olimba kwambiri komanso ozizira-Hardy. Wokongola wokongola amakongoletsa mundawo ndi utoto wowoneka bwino m'chilimwe, m'chilimwe ndimaluso abwino kwambiri, ndipo kugwa kwamtundu wamtundu wazitsamba kumapangitsa munthu kusirira kukongola kwa decoduous rhododendron.