- Mtundu: iris
- Nthawi Y maluwa: Meyi, Juni, Julayi
- Msinkhu: 15-40cm
- Mtundu: Wofiirira, Wofiyira Magazi
- Osayamba
- Wokonda dzuwa
- Kukonda
Maluwa a masika ndiwo amasilira kwambiri, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi dzuwa lotentha, kuyambika kwa chilimwe. Zikuwoneka, izi zikufotokozera kutchuka kwakukulu kwa ziphuphu - kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi, masamba obisika onse a utawalezi awululidwa m'mabedi a maluwa am'mizinda. Mitundu yambiri (pafupifupi 800) imakulolani kuti musankhe maluwa mosakanikirana ndipo, pamodzi ndi mbewu zina, mumapanga nyimbo zokongola modabwitsa. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane momwe maukali odzala wobzalidwa amasamaliridwira ndi kusamaliridwa.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi: kukhetsa ndi kuvala pamwamba
Irises sikuti akufuna kwambiri, koma pali mfundo zingapo zomwe ziyenera kulingaliridwa. Iwo ali osavomerezeka:
- nthaka yamadzi;
- nthaka yopanda mchere;
- mthunzi wosasintha.
Kubzala pathanthwe lopangidwa mwaluso kumathandizira kuteteza chinyezi chambiri. Ngati madzi apansi afika pafupi ndi mizu, kukwera pang'ono ndi malo otsetsereka kumwera kuyenera kumangidwa ndipo njira yomakayo imamangidwa. Kuti muchite izi, ingokwezerani maluwa ndi 20 cm ndikuonetsetsa kuti madzi amvula akutuluka.
Pali njira zingapo zobzala irises: single, chitsamba, gulu, kufesa kwaulere. Maluwa okhala ndi masamba akulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala kamodzi, ndi ang'ono - gulu
Zitsanzo za bedi lamaluwa lokhala ndi irises: 1 - hyacinth Purple Voice; 2 - tulip Flashpoint; 3 - Khanda Latsopano la daffodil; 4 - iris net Cantab; 5 - Scylla Siberian Alba
Irises amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma amatha nthawi yayitali pamthunzi, motero ndikofunika kuswa dimba la maluwa m'malo opanda mpanda kapena pang'ono. Asanadzalemo, dothi limapangidwira feteleza wachilengedwe, kenako kukumba mosamala ndikumasulidwa. Manyowa nthawi zambiri amapangidwira pasadakhale, pafupi chaka chimodzi asanabzalidwe.
Dothi labwino kwambiri la bulbous ndiwosakhwima. Kuchita kwa zamchere kumaperekedwa ndi mandimu, choko kapena mazira omwe amabweretsedwa pansi pokumba. Ndikofunika kuthira dothi lamchenga ndi humus; phulusa ndi 40 g ya superphosphate (1 m²) siyikhala yopanda tanthauzo. Clay, m'malo mwake, ndibwino kuti muchepetse ndi mchenga wa kachigawo kakang'ono ndikuwonjezera humus pang'ono kapena kompositi kuti mulemere.
Nkhani yogwirizana: Kuimitsa nthaka m'mundamo: bwanji, liti komanso motani?
Simuyenera kukhala ndi malo okhala maluwa okhawo omwe amapezeka m'malo opumirako komanso njira zina. Chigoba choyambirira chimawoneka chowoneka bwino kwambiri!
Malo obzala maluwa sangasinthidwe kwa zaka pafupifupi 10, mitundu yosakanizidwa - zaka 5. Kutha kwa irises kukula msanga kumayambitsa kuperewera kwa michere m'nthaka, zomwe zimafunikira kuti malo asinthidwe, ndiye kuti, kusamutsa kwa mabedi amaluwa.
Autumn - nthawi yodzala babu
Zinthu zoyamba, tikukuwuzani kuti muwonerani kanema pamutuwu:
Zomwe zimabzala zimatengera zosiyanasiyana. M'malo otentha, ma iridodictiums, Turkey ndi Caucasian, komanso ma hybrids, amazindikira bwino komanso kulolera nyengo yachisanu. Timasankha malo owuma, otseguka ndi kukumba maenje osaya - mpaka masentimita 7. Timadzaza mabulowo kuti dothi lisamvepo mwamphamvu pa iwo, ndipo ndibwino kuwonjezera mchenga pang'ono pakupanga kwake. Kuti muteteze mbewu ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus, mababu omwe adagulidwa amathandizidwa kale ndi Fundazol kapena Benlat. M'chilimwe, tsinde litasiya kufa, timagawaniza mababu ang'onoang'ono, omwe amafunikira kuti kubereka kubere.
Kuti azikongoletsa mabedi amaluwa, mumagwiritsidwa ntchito mtundu umodzi kapena zingapo wa irises. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakupatsani mwayi wopanga zokongola zachilendo
Mababu a mitundu ya Juno amadziwika ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso kupezeka kwa minofu, mizu yatsopano yomwe imapangidwa pachaka, yomwe imayenera kugwiridwa mosamala kwambiri. Mizu ikagwa, mbewuyo imafa. Nthawi yabwino yodzala mabulidwe a bulbous panthaka yotsiriza ya Seputembala kapena khumi oyamba a Okutobala. Mababu amaponyedwa mosamala m'maenje kuti asawononge mizu, ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi lapansi mpaka 6 cm.
Dzenje lodzala liyenera kukhala laling'ono - pafupi mikono iwiri ya babu, chifukwa chake, anyezi yaying'ono ya irises, kuya kwa 4 mpaka 7 cm ndikoyenera
Kukonzekera kwa chilimwe kumakhala kukumba mababu atafota kale ndikuyamba kuyiyika m'chipinda ndi kutentha kwa 22-25ºะก. Njira yachiwiri ndikuphimba bedi la maluwa ndi kanema, kuwateteza ku mvula, mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala. Kufalikira kwina kwa Juno kumachitika ndi mababu aakazi, kapena ndi njere, zomwe zofesedwa m'mabokosi apadera. Mabokosi ambewu, monga mababu, ayenera kuwuma. Kuwombera kumawonekera, monga lamulo, mchaka chachiwiri.
Mtunda pakati pa mbewu zam'tsogolo pakubzala ungakhale wosiyana: ochepera amaonedwa kuti ndi malo awiri apamwamba (chifukwa chitsamba chowonda chimapangidwa), okwera - mpaka theka la mita (nthawi zambiri phokoso limodzi lokhala ndi masamba obzala amabzala mwanjira iyi).
Kugwiritsa ntchito dengu la pulasitiki pakukula
Mu supermarket mutha kugula basiketi yosavuta koma yosavuta kwambiri yolimitsira mbewu zambiri.
Pofuna kuchotsa gawo la turf, timayika dengu la pulasitiki pamalo omwe tikufunawo ndikuzungulira bwalo lakuya masentimita 12 ndi fosholo kapena scoop.
Chotsani chopukutira mosamala, ndikukulitsa dzenje ndi 20-30 cm kuti dengu likhale bwino
Pansi pa dzenje, kutsanulira feteleza, kenako ndikukhazikitsa dengu. Timadzaza ndi dothi lonyowa komanso dothi lobzala
Timadzaza mababu obzalidwa ndi dothi loonda ndikubwezeretsanso chidutswa cha turf kumbuyo. Chifukwa chake, mababu amatha nthawi yonse yozizira m'malo abwino
Dengu limakhala labwino chifukwa limatha kuchotsedwa pansi ndipo, pamodzi ndi anyezi wobzalidwa, amasamukira kuchipinda chowuma.
Kodi kusamalira irises?
Kuphatikiza pa kubzala panthawi yake komanso kukonzekera dothi, kusamalira mbewu nthawi yamaluwa ndikofunikira: maluwa oyambira atayamba kuphuka m'mwezi wa May, kenako maluwa amayamba kuphukira mu June. Kusamalira moyenera michere ya bulbous kumakhala kuphatikiza feteleza nthawi zonse ndi feteleza komanso kuteteza tizirombo. Mfundo ina yomwe imada nkhawa kwambiri ndi maluwa ndi kuthirira. Irises sayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi yamvula, ndipo munyengo yamvula kukhathamiritsa koyenera ndikofunikira madzulo.
Ndikofunika kusankha mitundu yoyenera ya maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, maluwa a ku Siberia amawona kuti ndiosagwira kwambiri chisanu, motero amatha kulekerera nthawi yachisanu muzitunda zakumpoto
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere
Chapakatikati, chisanu chitasungunuka, timadikirira kuti dothi louma lipse kuti lithe. Mayankho opangidwa okonzeka ndi zosakaniza zowuma zapadziko lonse, mwachitsanzo, Reasil kapena Mphamvu Yabwino, ndizoyenera. Timayika kuchuluka kofunikira pakuvala kwapamwamba pamtunda wapamwamba (kapena kungowaza panthaka mozungulira mababu), ndikumasula mosamala, osamala kuti musagwire mizu.
Njira imodzi mwazigawo zitatu zodyetsera ma hybrid ir si chaka choyamba chamaluwa:
- nayitrogeni, potaziyamu, phosphorous (2: 3: 1) - kasupe panthaka youma;
- mawonekedwe omwewo, koma mwanjira ina (3: 3: 1) - pa nthawi ya kuphukira;
- potaziyamu, phosphorous (1: 1) - mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa maluwa.
Kuvala kwapafupipafupi komanso koyenera kumatsimikizira kukongoletsa kwapamwamba, kukula msanga ndi maluwa ataliatali. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri m'moyo wa chomera ndi kuphuka kwamaluwa. Kuthira feteleza pamalopo kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri, chaka chamawa.
Feteleza wa mababu ali ndi lignohumate, yomwe imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika kwambiri: imalimbikitsa kukula msanga, imawonjezera kukana kwa mbewu kumatenda, imawonjezera kukongoletsa
Sikoyenera kupanga feteleza wovuta wazinthu nokha, sitolo imagulitsa nyimbo zopangidwa anyezi m'njira ziwiri: yankho ndi kusakaniza kowuma
Penyani kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni mosamala. Kuchuluka kwa chinthuchi kumapangitsa "kunenepa" - ntchito pomwe masamba amakula kwambiri, koma maluwa sakhalapo.
Ntchito Yoletsa Tizilombo
Ngakhale nyengo yayifupi yapita, kulima zipatso zamkati kumayendera limodzi ndi njira zoteteza. Popewa kuwoneka ngati majeremusi osafunikira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumayenera kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ndikofunikira kuyambira nthawi yomwe masamba amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito "Malathion" (amathandiza kuchokera ku herbivorous nthata) kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndi isanayambike masamba, chithandizo chayima.
Nthawi zambiri, irises amakhala ndi matenda a mizu ndi babu - bacteriosis, omwe amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina. Mbewuyo imakimbidwa, mbali zake zodwala zimachotsedwa, ndikutsukidwa mu potaziyamu permanganate ndikuziika kumalo ena
Momwe mungadziwire matenda omwe ali ndi ndevu zamkanda? Nthawi zambiri chomera chathanzi chimakhala ndi masamba 7 mpaka 7, pomwe wodwalayo amatha kudziwa zopitilira 5. Pali vuto ndi mapangidwe a maluwa. Mankhwalawa, mbewuyo imakumbidwa, kuyeretsa zowola ndi tizilombo, kuthandizidwa ndi antiseptic. Ngati phula limakhudzidwa ndi kupindika, sera yachilengedwe yotsekera masamba imasweka.
Kupewa kumakhala pokonzekera mababu a chaka chamawa - kuchotsedwa kwa tsinde lakale limodzi ndi masamba, makandalo ndi maluwa, momwe tizilombo zovulaza timatsala.
Kusamalidwa kwachikhalidwe kwa irises kumatsimikizira maluwa awo osazolowereka komanso kuthekera kopanga maluwa.
