Kwa nthawi yayitali, wamaluwa akhala akulimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana m'munda wa munda ndi munda. Polimbana ndi matenda a ndiwo zamasamba, tchire ndi mitengo, pali mitundu yambiri yosiyana, yomwe ambiri mwa iwo sakhala "yowala" ndi mphamvu yawo. Koma ngakhale ku USSR, kulimbana ndi majeremusi m'munda, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtundu wonyezimira wobiriwira (Chinese wobiriwira, wobiriwira wonyezimira, wobiriwira wa ethylene, smaragda wobiriwira, etc. - pali maina ambiri a zobiriwira). M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za momwe chithandizo cha mankhwala wamba chimatanthawuzira kuti mutha kuteteza munda wanu ndi munda ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Kusamalira mfundo zochepetsedwa
Zelenka ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'munda wa zomera monga mankhwala opatsirana pogonana komanso ochiritsa. Ngati mitengo ikudulira kapena kubwezeretsedwa kumapezeka masika kapena autumn, mabalawo ayenera kudzozedwa ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Apo ayi, nthawi zonse zimakhala zoopsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidzakhala pamalo omwe adadulidwa, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mtengo ukhoza kuundana pamalo odulidwawo.
Mukudziwa? Zelenka inakonzedwa koyamba ku Germany mu 1879.Pofuna kutseka mabala pa mitengo ndi zitsamba zazing'ono, sikofunika kupanga mankhwala amadzimadzi. Ndikokwanira kutenga swab ya thonje, kuikani mumdima wobiriwira, ndipo pambuyo pake - pezani mfundo zocheka. Ngakhalenso amafunika kuyaka malo omwe mumachotsa mphukira, chifukwa zowononga zimatha kugunda pamalo aliwonse pamtengo. Zelenka ndiwothandiza kwambiri pakubwezeretsa zomera m'munda, ndipo amalowetseratu zitsulo kapena dothi.
Berry mbewu processing
Njira yowonjezera yobiriwira ikhoza kusinthidwa mbewu za mabulosi (strawberries, strawberries, etc.). Chida choterocho chidzakhala chogwira ntchito. mukulimbana imvi zowola, powdery mildew ndi matenda ena.
Kuonjezerapo, njira yothetsera zobiriwira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa sitiroberi yophika, pamene kukonzekera kulikonse kwa mankhwala kumatsutsana. Koma zikhoza kukhala bwino ngati njira yothetsera mbewu ya mabulosi imakonzedwa ndi njira yothetsera masamba obiriwira panthawi yamaluwa (kapena itangotha ​​kutsirizidwa).
Kuteteza tizirombo ndi matenda, ammonia, boric acid, potaziyamu permanganate, ndi ayodini amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.Strawberries ndi strawberries ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi zofooka zowonongeka njira (5 ml ya amadyera pa 10 malita a madzi). Iyenera kuthiriridwa mwachindunji pansi pazu wa mbewu za mabulosi. Ndondomekoyi imaperekedwa kawiri (nthawi yachiwiri kusamba masabata awiri pambuyo pa chithandizo choyamba).
Amaluwa ambiri amanena kuti kukongola kobiriwira kumatha kuletsa kukula kwa ndevu mu strawberries ndi strawberries, choncho chomeracho chimatumiza zinthu zonse zopindulitsa popanga zipatso. Chifukwa chake, zipatso zimakula kwambiri yowutsa mudyo, chokoma ndi chachikulu. Malowa a njira yowonjezera yowonjezera ndiyo maziko a chitukuko cha mankhwala "Zar-2". 
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mbande zazing'ono (botolo la zobiriwira zokongola kwa malita 10 a madzi), chiopsezo chotentha chimakula mpaka 90%.Komanso, zinkachitika kuti kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mabulosi mabulosi pa maluwa kumawonjezera zokolola. Kuti mupange osakaniza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, muyenera kupukuta madontho 50 a zobiriwira zobiriwira mu 10 malita a madzi. Njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri kwa strawberries. Pamene processing, kukula kwa zipatso kumawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha zokolola chikuwonjezeka.
Kuteteza masamba ku matenda
Njira yowonjezera yobiriwira ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda kukonza nkhaka, tomato, anyezi ndi masamba ena. Kotero mutha kuteteza zomera zanu ku matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amabwera ndi mabakiteriya ndi tizirombo tating'ono tosiyanasiyana.
Koma musanayambe kukonzekera muyenera kutsatira mosamala chinyezi cha nthaka. Ngati wouma, ndiye mutatha kukonza ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambapa, masamba pa ndiwo zamasamba akhoza kutembenukira chikasu, kupiringa ndi kugwa. Ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi kuchokera ku mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa mizu kuvunda, ngakhale ngakhale chokongola chobiriwira njira yothetsera. Choncho, nthaka chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chabwino, nthawi zonse, koma osati madzi okwanira kawirikawiri (ganiziraninso mafupipafupi a mpweya wanu m'dera lanu). 
Nkhaka zimaphatikizidwa ndi madzi osakaniza ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira monga kulimbana ndi matenda akuluakulu awiri: powdery mildew ndi mizu zowola. Komanso, njira iyi ikhoza kutsuka nkhaka ngati njira zothandizira kuti matenda ena asakhudze munda wanu wamunda.
Kulimbana ndi mizu zowola Muyenera kudutsa mu magawo awiri a njirayi. Choyamba, nkhaka iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi zokongola zobiriwira (madontho 10 a chobiriwira chodalirika pa malita 10 a madzi) osachepera 2 pa sabata. Kutchera mozungulira kuzungulira nkhaka ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga mutatha kukolola. Chachiwiri, muyenera kupopera nkhaka mapesi ndi luso lobiriwira njira imodzi kamodzi pa sabata - kotero mudzawonjezera zokolola, ndipo mudzawopsyeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Imodzi mwa matenda owopsa a nkhaka ndi powdery mildew. Amatha kufalitsa maluwa onse a nkhaka kwa nthawi yochepa, kotero ngati muwona tsamba limodzi loyera pa chitsamba cha nkhaka, kuchiza mwamsanga n'kofunikira. Njira yopopera mbewu mankhwalawa imapangidwa motere: 5 ml ya masamba ndi 60 ml ya urea amasungunuka mu 10 malita a seramu. M'pofunika kutsanulira nkhaka masiku onse 4-7 mpaka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a powdery mildew. 
Mukudziwa? Chobiriwira chobiriwira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani monga dothi la chikopa, silika, makatoni, ndi zina zotero.Kugwiritsira ntchito zobiriwira zokongola m'munda kudzakhala njira yothandiza yogonjetsera tomato. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri pa mbewu za phwetekere. Wothandizira mankhwalawa a phytophtoras amatha kuwononga chimfine chowopsya ndikuyamba kuyambitsa zomera zachinyamata kumayambiriro kwa masika. Choncho, n'zotheka kuyamba kumenyana ndi zovuta mochedwa kwambiri. Kukonzekera kwa kasupe wobiriwira kuchokera kumapeto kwa autumn, mukasonkhanitsa mbeu yonse ya tomato. Pofuna kuthetsa yankho, 50 ml ya masamba amadonthozedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Imwani malo omwe tomato anakula. Motero, chiopsezo cha phytophthora kumayambiriro kasupe chimachepa kwambiri.
Mu kasupe, madzi obiriwira obiriwira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera ndi kuchiza phytophthora wa achinyamata ndi akuluakulu phwetekere zomera. Njira yothetsera mankhwala imapangidwa motere: mu 10 malita a madzi, madontho 45 a masamba amadetsedwa ndipo zonse zimasakanizidwa.
Yoyamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene tomato akadakali aang'ono ndipo akukula mu mbande.
Yachiwiri kupopera mbewu kumapangidwira mwamsanga mutatha kuziyika zomera kuti zitseguke pansi. Kwa nthawi yachitatu, tomato amafufuzidwa pambuyo pa masamba atsopano kuwonekera pa iwo. 
Njira zonse zothandizira zomera zimapangidwa kokha ngati phytophtora sanagonjetsedwe (nthawi yamkati pakati pa mankhwala ndi masiku 7-9). Kuti muwononge nthaka, mukhoza kupasuka 60-70 ml ya masamba mu 10 malita a madzi ndi madzi nthaka ndi kusakaniza masiku 3-4.
Pofuna kukula lalikulu ndi chokoma anyezi, musanabzala, nkofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa dothi, mwinamwake pali chiopsezo kuti chomera chidzayamba kutembenuka chikasu, ndipo muzuwo udzavunda nthawi zonse.
Kusakaniza kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo tingathe kukonzekera monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa (pokonza tomato). Anyezi ayenera kubzalidwa pansi patangopita masiku asanu ndi atatu patatha chithandizo. Pambuyo pa anyezi ataukitsidwa, ayenera kuthiridwa ndi njira yowonjezera yobiriwira ndi seramu (5-7 ml ya zinthu zobiriwira pa 10 l wa seramu). Pambuyo masiku 7-10, njirayi ndi yabwino kubwereza.
Ndikofunikira! Chobiriwira chobiriwira ndi mankhwala oopsa ndipo akhoza kuyambitsa zilonda zamoto ngati zimalowa m'diso kapena pamlomo (pali ngozi ya khungu ngati ikulowa). Choncho, pokonza munda ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi Zelenka, tsatirani njira zotetezera.
Kuti processing processing dzungu mbewu (zukini, maungu, etc.), mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la serum, urea ndi waluntha wobiriwira.
Kuchuluka kwake kumatsata chimodzimodzi monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Mankhwalawa amachitidwa pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza mizu yovunda 2-3 nthawi pa nyengo ndi masiku 10-14. Njira yamadzi mwachindunji pansi pazu mu m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Kulimbana ndi slugs
Pofuna kuthana ndi slugs m'nyumba ya chilimwe ndi m'munda, mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala amadzimadzi obiriwira. Njira yothetsera vutoli imapangidwa pa mlingo wa botolo 1 pa 10 malita a madzi. Kusakaniza kumeneku kungapangidwe zomera ndikuwathira pansi pazu. Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitika 2-3 nthawi pamwezi mpaka slugs yatha. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutunge madzi panthaka youmayi ndi njira yamadzi yobiriwira, monga momwe mungathe kutentha zomera zazing'ono.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kuti tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira yotsika mtengo. Ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito malamulo onse omwe tanena, ndiye tizirombo timachoka pomwepo. Kuwonjezera apo, kumbukirani kuti zobiriwira zobiriwira ndizothandiza kwambiri popula mabala a mitengo yodulidwa ndi zitsamba.
