Mbuye aliyense amadziwa zimenezo chitowe - Ndi zonunkhira zofunika kwambiri. Kutenga kununkhiza kodabwitsa ndi kulawa, ndi zabwino kwa nyama mbale ndi masukisi. Chifukwa cha nkhani yathu mudzadziwa momwe mungamere chitowe m'dziko lanu ndikuligwiritsa ntchito chaka chonse.
Mukudziwa? Tiyi ya Caraway imapangitsa kudya, kukhudzidwa ndi chimbudzi, kumapangitsa kuti thupi lonse lizikhala ndi ntchito.
Chitoliro Ndondomeko
Chitowe ndi chomera chodziwika kwambiri chimene Aroma wakale anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo mpaka pano chagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino padziko lonse lapansi. Chitowe amakula mu France, India, Turkey, North America, Brazil ndi Egypt.
Chitowe ali ndi dzina lina lotchuka - anise. Mukhoza kumakomana naye pamphepete mwa nkhalango komanso m'mapiri a kumtunda.
Chomera chimayambira payekha ndi molunjika. Kukula mpaka mamita 1. Masambawa ndi ozungulira, amawoneka ngati dzira ndikukula mpaka masentimita 20 m'litali ndi masentimita 10 m'lifupi. Maluwawo ndi oyera ndi aang'ono, kufika mpaka 1.5 mm m'litali. Chipatsocho ndi oblong oblate visoplodion, yomwe imatha kutalika kwa 3 mm, m'lifupi - mpaka 2.5 mm. Cumin ndi yosavuta kuizindikira ndi fungo.
Zipatso zili ndi mafuta ofunikira, mafuta olemera, coumarins, mapuloteni ndi tannins.
Mukudziwa? Ku India, chitowe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zonunkhira.
Kusankha malo chomera chitowe
Cumin ndi zomera zosatha. Komanso imakhala yozizira komanso nyengo yotentha m'nthaka m'nyengo yachisanu ndi chisanu. Zomera zowonjezera zili ndi zizindikiro zake, makamaka, zimadalira kumene caraway yabzalidwa, ndikukhala ndi chinyezi.
Makolo akale a Caraway
Nkhumba imafesedwa pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira ndi nyengo yozizira, mbewu kapena mbewu zowoneka bwino. M'chaka cha fruiting, mbewu za caraway zimamasula munda kumayambiriro, chotero chomeracho chokha, ndicho chokongola kwambiri pa mbewu zimenezi.
Kodi kuwala kumakhala kotani?
Kukula chitowe m'munda kuyenera kukhala pa nthaka yachonde ndi malo abwino. Kuyika kumapangitsa kuti m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, chitowe sichimasintha ndipo chimabereka chipatso chaka chachitatu cha zomera.
Kutentha ndi kufunika kwa chinyezi
Chitowe ndi chovuta kwambiri ponena za chinyezi cha mlengalenga, koma ndi kudzichepetsa kutentha. Mbewu imayamba kumera pa 8 ° C. Kukula ndi chitukuko, chitowe amafuna kutentha kwa pafupifupi 20 ° C. Ndi bwino kumamatira kutentha kotere, chifukwa kutentha kwapamwamba kuli ndi zotsatira zoipa pa mbeu. Chinyezi kwa chitowe chikhale 35-40%.
Kubzala chitowe pa chiwembu
Chitowe amatha kukula kuchokera ku mbewu, koma izi ndizofunika kusankha ndi kuzikonzekera bwino kuti mubzalidwe.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta a chitowe chakuda kulemera, thanzi, kukongola ndi kusungidwa kwa anyamata - imodzi mwa maphikidwe opambana, omwe okongoletsedwa akale a ku Igupto amadziwa ndi kukumbukira akazi amakono.
Kusankha ndi kukonzekera mbewu za kubzala
Mbewu ingagulidwe ku sitolo kapena ku pharmacy. Musanabzala pa mbande, amathira madzi otentha kwa tsiku, asanalowetsedwe mu nsalu ya thonje. Kokani mtolo umenewo ukhoza kukhala gulu la rabala. Kuti madzi otentha asagwe, mphamvu imatha kuikidwa pa batri kapena nthawi zonse kuwonjezera madzi ofunda. Nthawi yoyenera kufesa chitowe pa mbande, idzabwera tsiku.
Momwe mungakonzekerere nthaka yobzala chitowe
Ndi bwino kukonzekera nthaka yofesa mbewu kuyambira August kapena September. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukumba ndikupanga feteleza zovuta. Komanso, kukonzekera kwa nthaka kumapangidwira mapesi atatha kukolola. Kulima kwakukulu kumachitika masabata awiri mutatha kulemera kwa masentimita 25. Kenaka, polima, onjezerani humus, superphosphate ndi mchere wa potaziyamu (humus - 25 t / ha, superphosphate - 250 makilogalamu / ha, mchere - 80 makilogalamu / ha).
Mukudziwa? Mbeu za chitowe ndi olemera mu mafuta, mapuloteni, mafuta ofunikira, ali ndi resins, tannins, pigments.
Ndondomeko ndi malamulo ofesa chitowe
Monga tanenera kale, kubzala chitowe kumatha kubzala. Chochitikachi chikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa masika. Malo oti musankhe ndi dothi lonyowa ndi lachonde. Tisanafesedwe timapanga nthaka yakuya.
Chiwembu cha chitowe ndi chophweka - 25 x 7 masentimita, ndipo kuya sikuyenera kukhala kuposa 2 masentimita. Asanafesedwe, soak njere, monga ngati mbande, ndipo dikirani mpaka aponyedwe. Izi zikachitika, ziike mu furiji kwa sabata, kusunga pafupifupi 0.
Ngati mukupanga mbeu yowonongeka, simukusowa mbeu.
Mukhoza kufesa chitowe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba: mtunda wa pakati pa mizera ndi 40 cm Chachiwiri: chitowe chabzala pakati pa mizere yayitali mtunda wa masentimita 20, ndipo pakati pa nthitiyi imasungidwa pa 50 cm Njira yachitatu: pakati pa nthitiyi imakhala ndi masentimita 45, ndipo pakati pa mizera - 30 cm.
Ngati dothi lanu liri loamy ndi lolemera, bzalani bwino mwa njira yachitatu. Kuzama kwa mbeu kumakhala masentimita 1.5. Asanafese mbewu zimatenthedwa dzuwa. Izi zimachepetsa kumera kwa masiku asanu. Mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka masabata atatu mutabzala. Pambuyo pake mukhoza kuchepetsa kutsika pamtunda wa masentimita 25.
Mbali yosamalira chitowe
Monga chomera china chilichonse, chitowe mutabzala chiyenera kusamalidwa. Ndipo palinso zina zapadera zosamalira izo musanamere, ali wamng'ono komanso mutakula.
Mukudziwa? Makhalidwe othandiza a chitowe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zamalonda kwa matumbo a m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ojambula m'magazi, kuti apangidwe bwino kwambiri.
Momwe mungasamalire chitowe musanamere
Tsiku lotsatira ndikukonzekera mbeu, pitirirani kubzala. Muzichigwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kapena m'nyengo yozizira. Dothi linasankha kuti limere maluwa kapena mbande. Nthaka imathiridwa miphika yaing'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Siyani masentimita pang'ono pamphepete mwa mphika.
Dziko lapansi laphatikizidwa ndi kuthiriridwa ndi madzi otentha otentha. Popanda kuyembekezera mpaka chinyezi chitayanika, tyala nyembazo, kuzikanikiza pansi pang'ono. Kuchokera pamwamba iwo ali ndi dziko lapansi. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ngati mbeuyi ndi yaing'ono, chivundikiro cha pamwamba chiyenera kukhala chochepa.
Mphika umamangirizidwa ndi filimu kapena kuika pamwamba pa galasi. Ngati mutatenga galasi, onetsetsani kuti pali kusiyana kwa masentimita awiri pakati pa nthaka ndi nthaka. Muyenera kuika miphika pawindo la dzuwa, pamene dzuwa limapanga kutentha kwapansi pansi pa galasi, motero kufulumizitsa njira zothandizira mbeu. Mbande musamwe madzi mpaka mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera.
Motero, chitowe wamba n'zosavuta kukula m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chinthu chachikulu - khala woleza mtima ndipo dikirani masamba oyambirira.
Momwe mungasamalire chomera m'chaka choyamba cha moyo
M'chaka choyamba cha moyo ndikofunikira kupereka chithandizo cha mbewu zaparaway. Nkhalango iyenera kumasula ndi kubzala. Mukhozanso kutseka chitowe pogwiritsa ntchito superphosphate, potaziyamu mchere kapena ammonium nitrate. Tengani 150 g pa 10 mita mamita. m M'dzinja, kupukuta kwa chitowe kumachitika, kusiya 15 masentimita pakati pa chomera chilichonse. Pambuyo pake zimabweretsedwa kawiri kuposa kuchulukitsidwa kwa chakudya. Pa nthawi yonse ya chilimwe, chotsani namsongole ndi kuthirira mbewu. Kudula kumachitika nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ndikofunikira! Siyani achinyamata omwe akukula masamba pa nthawi yocheka.
Momwe mungasamalire chomera chachikulu
M'tsogolo, mabedi ndi chitowe ayenera kumasulidwa ndi kudyetsedwa. Iyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi yolima ndi maluwa. Ziyenera kukhala kuthirira nthawi zonse komanso moyenera, monga chitowe sichimakonda kuchepa.
Ndikofunikira! Kuthira kosakwanira kumabweretsa zokolola zochepa.
Cumin - chomera chodzichepetsa, ndikuchikulitsa pansi pa mphamvu ya novice wamaluwa. Pa nthawi yayikulu ya moyo, makamaka safunikira chisamaliro, monga mu magawo awiri oyambirira a chitukuko.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungakolole chitowe
Kusamalira zomera kumathera pamene masamba omwe ali pansipa ayamba kuuma. Ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba kuti ndi nthawi yoyamba kukolola.
Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:
- Dulani chomera pamtunda wa masentimita asanu kuchokera pansi. Izi ziyenera kuchitika madzulo kapena madzulo.
- Pambuyo kudula, chitowe chiyenera kuuma pa nsalu mumthunzi.
- Pa kuyanika, nthawi zonse mutembenuzire mbewu.
- Pamene mabokosi atsegulidwa (mu sabata), akhoza kukhala pansi ngati tirigu.
Mukudziwa? M'buku la Avicenna lomwe limadziŵika bwino kwambiri lakuti "Law in Medicine", mlembiyo akuti chitowe chakuda chimathandiza kuwonjezera nyonga, motero amapereka mpata wogonjetsa kutopa ndi kutopa.Cumin - Ndi chomera chotheka pa kulima ndi kusamalira. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ali ndi makhalidwe abwino ochiritsa komanso okongoletsa.
