Evergreen shrub fuchsia: kukula kunyumba ndi kusamalira zomera

Fuchsia ndi shrub yobiriwira, imene imafalikira okonda ambiri kukula maluwa kunyumba.

Mofanana ndi mbewu ina iliyonse, duwa limafuna zinthu zina kuti zikule. Kusunga malamulo a chisamaliro, mukhoza kupanga fuchsia kukongoletsa kwenikweni kwa nyumba iliyonse kapena nyumba.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungasamalire maluwa, ndizofunika kuti feteleza zisankhe. Werengani ndondomeko yothandizira pakukula zomera kuchokera ku mbeu, kubereka ndi kubzala.

Malamulo oyambirira a chisamaliro

Chomeracho ndi chodzichepetsa, koma muyenera kusamala mosamala, kukumbukira malamulo onse ndi zoletsedwa.

Kusankha kwa pot

Phika ndilofunika kusankha ceramic. Mu mphika wa pulasitiki, zomerazo zidzakhala zotentha m'chilimwe, ndipo ndi bwino kuzisamalira pasadakhale, kuteteza mizu ku kutentha kwambiri.

Kukula kwa mphika kuyenera kumadalira molingana ndi kukula kwa muzu. Ndibwino kuti ndikasendeza chomera kangapo kusiyana ndi kudzala nkhuni mumphika waukulu. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthaka, yosapangidwa ndi mizu, ingayambe kutembenukira wowawa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imachititsa kuvunda kwa mizu.

Kukhalapo kwa mabowo akuda ndi chimodzi mwa njira zoyenera zogwiritsira ntchito mphika. Fuchsias silingalole madzi ochulukirapo.

Ena okonda maluwa amenewa amagwiritsa ntchito malasha ngati madzi.

Zomwe zimafunika nthaka

Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumafuna dothi lowala ndi madzi abwino komanso osalowerera ndale.. Ndi bwino kuti musasakanize nthaka moyenera, motero chitetezeni chomera ku zinthu zovulaza zomwe zingathe kulowa m'nthaka zonse.

1. Njira yabwino ndi peat, kompositi ndi tsamba humus zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu buku lomwelo ndi kuwonjezera kwa kuchuluka kwa mchenga.
2. Mukhozanso kusakaniza nkhuni, masamba humus ndi phulusa mu chiŵerengero cha 5: 2: 2. Mu mawonekedwe awa, humus ingasinthidwe ndi peat granulated.

Zonsezi ndizofunikira monga kusakaniza kwa pakhomo ndipo zimakhala ngati chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso chinyezi kuti chikhale chonchi.

Kodi mungapange bwanji chinyezi?

Chomeracho chiyenera kupanga ndi kusunga mlingo wa chinyezi umene uli pafupi 60-70%. Kupatulapo ndi nthawi yopumula, yomwe imabwera m'nyengo yozizira. Popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito botolo ndi madzi olekanitsa ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Pali malamulo angapo othandizira bwino hydration:

• madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda;
• Ndikofunika kupopera kawiri pa tsiku;
• Ngati fuchsias yambiri ikukula m'munda wamaluwa, sikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yachitsulo - ndibwino kutenga mbale yaying'ono, yodzaza ndi miyala ndi kudzaza ndi madzi.

Kuunikira

Ndikofunika kupereka chomeracho ndi kuunikira bwino, kuziyika pafupi ndi mawindo osati pa dzuwa, mwachitsanzo, pa khonde, lomwe mawindo ake amayang'ana kumadzulo kapena kummawa.

M'zipinda zamdima, mazira a fuchsia amatha kuwonongeka.Komabe, zobiriwira zimakula ndithu. Choncho, kuti duwa likhale bwino, pa masiku a dzuwa ndi bwino kuwululira ku kuwala, koma masana kuti adye malo amdima. Ndiloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito zowona zowona kapena zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimapereka mthunzi wabwino.

Mavuto otentha

Musanayambe chomera, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mizu ya fuchsia imakhala yoziziritsa, choncho ndibwino kuti maluwawo sali m'chipinda chomwe kutentha kwa mpweya kuli 30 ° C, chifukwa izi zingachititse munthu kufa.

1. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kumakhala pakati pa +18 ndi +24 ° C.

   Pofuna kuzizira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kutetezedwa ku dzuwa komanso mtsinje wabwino. Ichi ndi chifukwa china chomwe khonde lingakhale malo oti "akhale" maluwa.

2. Kutentha kwachisanu sikuyenera kupitirira + 5 ... + 12 ° С.

Kuthirira

Kufunika kuthirira kumasonyeza chipinda chouma chadothi.

1. M'chilimwe, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa kasachepera 2 pa sabata, m'dzinja ndi masika - kamodzi pa masabata awiri.
2. M'nyengo yozizira, mafupipafupi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kuchepetsedwa kufika pa nthawi imodzi pa mwezi (kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kukonzekera bwino nyengo yachisanu ndi momwe mungasungire m'chipinda chapansi ndi m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, werengani pano).

Imwani maluwa ndi madzi olekana.amene kutentha kwake sikukwera ndipo sikutsika kuposa kutentha kwa firiji.

Feteleza

Kusankhidwa bwino kwa zinthu zomwe zimavala kavalidwe kumateteza maluwa ku matenda, kumathandizira kukula bwino ndi maluwa abwino.

Ndikofunika kusankha zovala zapamwamba, kudalira pa kukula kwa mbeu.

1. Zitsanzo zazing'ono zimafunikira fetereza zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni wambiri - izi zimapangitsa kukula kwa mphukira.
2. Okalamba amakonda kwambiri feteleza omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Nthawi zambiri fetereza imadalira kudyetsa. Nthawi zambiri ndondomekoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi feteleza kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri, koma ngati feteleza imafalikira ndi ulimi wothirira, yankho liyenera kukhala lofooka, osachepera 3-4. Manyowa amchere ndi bwino kusinthanitsa ndi organic.

Zinthu zomwe zingakhale zothandiza fuchsia:

• nitrogen;
• phosphorus;
• potaziyamu;
• manganese;
• chitsulo;
• zitsulo;
• magnesiamu.

Yang'anani kanema wa chisamaliro cha fuchsia:

Mmene mungamere maluwa: malangizo ndi sitepe

1. Ndikofunika kusankha mphika, nthaka ndi feteleza. Kuti muyambe, imani pa poto yaing'ono yokhala ndi ceramic, pafupifupi 10x10 kukula.
2. Sungani nthaka - mungagule kusakaniza konsekonse, kuwonjezera mchenga, kapena kusakaniza nokha, peat ndi mchenga mu chiwerengero cha 3: 2: 1.
3. Chomera feteleza choyamba chikufunikanso kuti chikhale chosavuta - nthaka ndi kuwonjezera kwa nayitrogeni ndi yabwino kuyambira maluwa.

Werengani zambiri za malamulo a kukula ndi chipinda chamaluwa apa.

Kukonzekera mbewu ndi kumera

Nkhumba za Fuchsia zikhoza kugulidwa kumsitolo uliwonse wamaluwa. Bzalani mbewu zabwino mu February.

Musanafese, nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kuchokera ku botolo lazitsulo.

Mbewu yobzala sizimafunika kuika pansi pansi - kungokakamizira pang'ono kubzala mbewu: chomeracho chimafuna kuwala kwa kumera bwino.

Kenako mukufuna:

1. kuphimba poto ndi chodziwika bwino cellophane kapena filimu;
2. valani pawindo sill;
3. onani kutentha ndi chinyezi.

Ngati zochita zonse zikuchitidwa bwino, kale mu masabata 3-4 mungathe kuyembekezera maonekedwe a mphukira zazing'ono zoyamba. Panthawi imeneyi, ndi kofunikira kukweza cellophane, kuchotsa chidwi. Pambuyo kumera, cellophane imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichotsedwe kwa nthawi yaitali kuti isinthe zomera kuti izikhalapo.

Chisamaliro

Nthaka ikauma, iyenera kukhala yothira ndi mfuti yachitsulo, ndikuwaza dziko lapansi kuzungulira mphukira. Madzi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kupatulidwa pa firiji.

Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa kukula kwabwino kumakhala pafupi 18-22 ° C.

Kuunikira nthawi zonse kuyenera kuwapatsa kuwala kwachangu, pamene kuwateteza ku dzuwa lachindunji. Choposa zonse - ikani mphika pawindo lazenera.

Kumera kumera pambuyo pakuonekera kwa masamba oyambirira ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse sprayed madzi ochepa, mutha kumwa mofanana. Kupopera mankhwala 1-2 pa sabata kumapereka mlingo woyenera wa chinyezi.

Kubalanso ndi kubzala

Ngati mukufuna kufalitsa mbewu ndi mbeu, muyenera kuteteza maluwa osasunthika kuchokera ku mavitamini ndi mapulaneti.

1. Mafinya amafunika kuchotsedwa pasadakhale, ndipo Mphukira ili pafupi ndi chivundikiro cha pepala kapena nsalu.
2. Pamene duwa latha, mbewu ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mosamala ndikufesedwa mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko yomwe yafotokozedwa m'ndime yapitayi.

Njira yobereketsa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, koma obereketsa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti azichita nawo m'chaka. Onani malamulo awa:

1. Pofuna kuswana muyenera kusankha tsinde laling'ono kuyambira 10 mpaka 20 cm;
2. Chotsani masamba pansi pa kudula, ena onse - kudula pakati;
3. ikani kudula madzi osungunuka;
4. kuphimba pamwamba ndi kukulunga kapena thumba, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito botolo.

Mukhoza kuyembekezera mizu yoyamba masiku 4-5Komabe, nthawi zina mumayenera kuyembekezera pafupi masabata awiri. Pamene akuwonekera, muyenera kuyimitsa tsinde patsamba.

Tsatanetsatane wa momwe mungatulutsire nkhuku kuchokera ku tsamba, werengani pano, ndipo kuchokera mu nkhani ino muphunziranso momwe mungapangire bwino fuchsia ndikupeza maluwa ochulukirapo.

Penyani kanema pa kuswana fuchsia cuttings:

Matenda

Mavuto ndi fuchsia angachitike chifukwa chosamvera malamulo a kunyumba, kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo. Taganizirani za matenda ambiri.

1. Mizu yovunda. Zikuwoneka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, muyenera kuchotsa chomeracho, kutsuka mizu ndi madzi otentha, kudula mizu yovunda, kuika chomeracho mumtsuko ndi madzi oyera. Pamene mizu yatsopano imayambira, imaloledwa kubzala duwa mu nthaka yatsopano.
2. Grey kuvunda. Zimakhudza masamba chifukwa cha mvula yambiri mu chipinda. Pankhaniyi, mapepala owonongeka amayenera kudulidwa, ndipo chipindachi chimachokera nthawi zonse.
3. Kutaya kwa kukula. Kaŵirikaŵiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mphika mu mphika, kotero muyenera kupatsa fuchsia.
4. Kusasoweka kwazomwe zimachitika. Ngati masamba akufota ndi kuwala - palibe nitrojeni yokwanira, pamene atembenukira chikasu - manganese, amauma, kupeza maonekedwe a bulauni - molybdenum.
5. Whitefly kugonjetsedwa. Tizilomboti timayika mazira kumbuyo kwa masamba. Chifukwa chake, madontho amtunduwu amatha kuwona pamapepala, kenako masambawo amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa.
   Kulimbana ndi kofunika kusamba maluwa ndi madzi asapu, kusamala kwambiri mkati mwa tsamba ndi tsinde, koma kuteteza mizu ku madzi.
6. Kuthana ndi kangaude wofiira. Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu ndi mitu yofiira ndi madontho wakuda pamasamba. Kulimbana ndi ntchito yapadera yotsutsana ndi tizilombo.

Kugwirizana ndi malamulo oyambirira a chisamaliro ndi matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi yake amalola kuti maluwa aakulu akule, omwe amasangalatsa anthu onse okhala ndi maluwawo ndipo adzakhala okongoletsa kwenikweni m'chipindamo ndi m'munda. Pogwiritsa ntchito zonsezi, mukhoza kutcha fuchsia chomera, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti sizikusowa bwino.