Zonse zokhudza kusamalira eheveriya kunyumba

Mbalame wa ku Mexico wotchuka, Echeveria, kapena Stone Rose, ndi zomera zokoma za banja la Crassulaceae ndipo ndi zomera zokonda kutentha.

Zimamera bwino m'nyumba zobiriwira, pazenera zamasamba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa florariums ndi minda yamaluwa.

Wodzichepetsa ku zikhalidwe, pokhala ndi zokongoletsera zapamwamba, Echeveria sichidzabweretsa mavuto ambiri ndipo nthawi zonse idzasangalatsa ndi maonekedwe ake.

Zamkatimu:

• Kuunikira
• Kutentha
• Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba
• Kuthirira
• Kutentha kwa mpweya
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Nthawi komanso momwe mungasamalire
• Njira zoberekera kunyumba
• Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
• Kubala zipatso
• Kubzala rosettes
• Zovuta zothetsera matenda ndi tizirombo

Zomwe zimakhala bwino m'nyumba kuti zikule

Monga nthumwi ya okoma, Echeveria - kukula kwa chiwindi. Kuti kukula ndi chitukuko cha mbeu chikhale bwino, chiyenera kukhazikitsa pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe, makamaka popeza sivuta.

Mukudziwa? Chomerachi chinachokera ku wojambula wochokera ku Mexico dzina lake Atanasio Eheverria Koda, yemwe anafotokoza buku lonena za zomera za dziko lakwawo.

Kuunikira

Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha ubwino wa Echeveria ndi kuyatsa kokwanira. Amakonda mawindo a dzuwa - kum'mwera, kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikuwopa, sikutanthauza shading. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, ndibwino kukonzekera "mwala" wokhala ndi mwala ndi kusamukira ku udzu, khola lotseguka kapena khonde losungunuka, pamene osayiwala kusamalira kuteteza mvula.

Mukudziwa? Echeveria imadziwika kuyambira nthawi zakale, zizindikiro zogwirizana nazo zimayankhula za mphamvu zoteteza za mbewu. Choncho, mwalawo udatuluka m'nyumba umateteza mizimu yoipa. Ngati ikukula padenga, imachotsa mkwiyo wa milungu kuchokera ku nyumba ngati mawindo.

M'nyengo yozizira, osati kuwala kochulukira kadzakhala maluwa mu maola ochepa a masana.

Kutentha

Kutentha kotentha kwa mwala kunadzuka m'chilimwe - 18-25 madigiri. M'nyengo yozizira, ambiri okongola, ndi Echeveria sali osiyana, amafunikira mpumulo. Pa nthawiyi, kudzakhala kokwanira kuti madigiri 10-15 apereke zinthu zabwino pamsinkhu uwu. Chomera sichimakonda kujambula.

Ndikofunikira! Mphepo yotentha yozizira idzawonetsa mdima wosalala ndi masamba otayirira a Echeveria.

Mfundo imeneyi sichitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu imeneyi yomwe ili nthawi ya maluwa m'nyengo yozizira. Ayenera kupereka malo ofunda kwambiri m'nyumba nthawi zonse.

Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba

Echeveria ndi maluwa okongola komanso odzichepetsa, kusamalira izo sikovuta. Ngakhale mphunzitsi amatha kumupatsa kukhala ndi nyumba yabwino.

Mukudziwa? Amakhulupirira kuti Echeveria imathandiza kuyeretsa ndi kupiritsa mankhwala m'thupi, ndipo kulowetsedwa kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira zilonda ndi zilonda.

Kuthirira

Mwalawu ukukwera uyenera kuperekedwa ndi madzi okwanira, omwe, sayenera kukhala wochuluka. M'pofunika kuyembekezera kuyanika kwa dothi pamwamba pa mphika ku 3 masentimita akuya.

M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira amachepetsedwa kamodzi pamwezi; izi ndizofunika kwambiri kutsika kutentha.

Echeveria sakonda madzi akulowa, kotero muyenera kudziwa momwe mungachitire madzi. Kutentha kwambiri kungayambitse kuwonongeka.

Madzi ayenera kutetezedwa bwino osati kukhala ozizira.

Ndikofunikira! Pali mitundu ya Echeveria yomwe masamba ake amatsitsa. Ndizimenezi ziyenera kusamala kwambiri. Amathiridwa bwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito phala, kutulutsa chinyezi chochuluka pambuyo poti adzalitse nthaka.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Mofanana ndi zina zotentha, Echeveria imafuna mpweya wouma. Sakusowa njira zopopera mbewu, ndipo ngakhale zowonjezera zimatsutsana kwambiri ndi miyoyo yomwe sichidzabweretse ubwino uliwonse, mmalo mwake, idzavulaza ndi kuwonetsa zowawa ndipo nthawi zina zotsatira zosasinthika.

Ndikofunikira! Amaloledwa kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu zofewa, zomwe siziwonongera sera, kuchotsa fumbi ndikuletsa tizilombo kuti tisawononge echeveria.

Kupaka pamwamba

Mukamachoka kumapeto kwa kasupe, mwalawu uyenera kuyamba kudyetsa. Ndikofunika kuti tisapitirire kubzala mbeu, kuti tisamawononge mizu yovuta. Choncho, mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera, mcherewu uyenera kukhala wochepa, ndikuupaka ndi madzi osungunuka kutentha.

M'nyengo yozizira, mwala unanyamuka susowa kuvala.

Nthawi komanso momwe mungasamalire

Echeveria imangowonongeka mosavuta, kotero kuika kwake kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, kupewa kumakhudza masamba kuti asawononge sera ya sera. Mitengo yachinyamata imafunika kukonzanso malo apachaka, akuluakulu amakula ngati pakufunika.

Kuwombera kumachitika nthawi ya masika, atachoka pamalo opuma. Adzakonda mtsuko waukulu wamatabwa, wokhala ndi ngalande zabwino:

• ceramic shards;
• dothi lowonjezera;
• mawanga.

Mzere wothirira ayenera kukhala osachepera 1/3 wa kutalika kwa mphika.

Echeveria ikuwoneka bwino pafupi ndi ena odyetsa - cacti, agave, airshyzoni, havortiya, kalanchoe, hatior, zigokaktus, bluff, sansevierie.

Dothi lokhala ndi miyala linanyamuka liyenera kukhala lotayirira, osati lopangidwa ndi zakudya, chikhazikitso chake chingakhale chisakanizo chapadera chomwe chinapangidwa kuti chikhale chokoma. Mu nthaka amaloledwa kuwonjezera:

• mchenga wa mtsinje;
• njerwa chips;
• mwala wopunduka;
• malasha omwe amalepheretsa mizu kuvunda.

Zotsatira za zochitika panthawi yopatsira:

• osati madzi oundana a pansi pa mphika;
• pang'onopang'ono kugwirana kuti musiye delenki;
• Sungani nthaka yakale momwe mungathere;
• onetsetsani mizu ya zidutswa zakufa, zowola kapena zowonongeka, zichotseni;
• ikani delenka mu mphamvu yosankhidwa;
• Musamamwe madzi sabata ina, kenako pang'onopang'ono musakanize ndi zigawo zing'onozing'ono.

Njira zoberekera kunyumba

Echeveria ikhoza kufalikira mosavuta kunyumba:

• kudula masamba;
• rosettes - basal ndi apical;
• mbewu.

Echevieria kawirikawiri imabzalidwa ku florariums, kupanga zojambula zokongola.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Echeveria ikhoza kukulirakulira kuchokera ku mbewu, ngakhale ndiyi yovuta kwambiri njira yonse yomwe ilipo. Ngati, atatha kuphuka, duwa lamwala limabereka chipatso, ndizotheka kuibweretsa.

Zipatso ndi mbeu zimapangidwa chifukwa cha pollination.

• Kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa mu zokonzedweratu zofanana ndi mchenga wa coarse mchenga ndi peat osakaniza.

Ndikofunikira! Mchenga musanagwiritse ntchito muyenera kutsukidwa ndi kuwerengedwera kuti muteteze matenda a duwa.

• Zomwe zimabzala ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo siziyenera kukhala phulusa ndi dziko lapansi, kutaya pang'ono pang'ono pansi kumakhala kokwanira.
• Pambuyo pa njirayi, mbewu zofesedwa sizimwedzeretsedwa ndi madzi kuti zisawononge leaching, kusagwirizanitsa kwapadera pamwamba ndi kulowa mkati, koma kupopera ndi botolo lachitsulo chophimbidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi.
• Kutentha kumaikidwa pamalo otentha (madigiri 20-25), nthawi zonse mpweya ndi nthawi moisten.
• Patapita milungu iwiri kapena itatu idzayamba kuonekera. Galasi kapena filimu imachotsedwa ndikuyika chidebecho kumera pamalo owala.
• Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3, mbande imathamangira m'miphika yaing'ono yosiyana.
• Pambuyo podikira kuti mtunda wautali wa mamita atatu ufike pamtunda wa mamita atatu, amawapititsa ku malo osatha.

Kubala zipatso

Echeveria ndi yokondweretsa chifukwa chakuti imatha kuberekanso ngakhale pothandizidwa ndi kudula tsamba.

• Kuchokera pa chomera cha amayi chiyenera kuchotsa pepala lalikulu ndi thanzi labwino ndikuzisiya kuti liume kwa maola angapo.
• Konzani nthaka osakaniza: 2 mbali ya munda nthaka, 1 gawo la calcined coarse mtsinje mchenga. Thirani pamwamba pa mchenga wa mamita atatu.
• Mukaika tsambalo pang'onopang'ono, liyenera kuphwanyidwa pansi.
• Kuthira mwatsopano kumene anabzala cuttings, kuphimba ndi cellophane.
• Kutentha kuli ndi madigiri 20-25.
• Nthaŵi zambiri mpweya ndiwothira nthaka nthawi zonse.
• Pambuyo pa masabata awiri kapena atatu, zitsulo zing'onozing'ono zidzawoneka pansi. Pambuyo pa kuyanika komaliza kwa tsamba la uterine, iwo amalowa m'miphika mwaumwini komwe angakhale.

Kubzala rosettes

Ndi njira iyi, mzere wosewera mwala ungathe kupezeka mkati mwa chaka.

• Chombo cha apical kapena basal rosette chimadulidwa ndi mpeni, masamba amunsi amachotsedwa ndi kutuluka kunja kwa dzuwa kwa maola ambiri kuti aume.
• Kukonzekera mu mphika wa nthaka kusakaniza: gawo la munda pansi ndi gawo la miyala yabwino kapena mchenga wonyezimira.
• Zitsulo zimakhala pansi, zothira.
• Kutentha kotentha - madigiri 20-25, chinyezi nthawi zonse.
• Patatha mwezi umodzi, zowonjezerazo zimachoka ndikuyamba kukula, pakatha miyezi iwiri ingathe kuikidwa. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono kukula kwa malowa kumaloledwa kubzala yekha chaka chotsatira.

Zovuta zothetsera matenda ndi tizirombo

Chifukwa cha sera yakuphuka, mwala unanyamuka masamba sagwidwa ndi tizirombo.

• Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka, aphid kapena mealybug ingapezeke. Izi ndi tizilombo toyamwa, omwe malo awo okonda kwambiri okhalamo ndiwo macimo a masamba. Masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amadzala ndi maluwa obiriwira, owuma ndi kugwa pambuyo pa kusintha. Njira zothana ndi mavitamini - kutsuka ndi madzi a soapy kutsatiridwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena adyo kulowetsedwa.
• Ngati echeveria ikuvunda, mwinamwake, pakuthirira, malo ake kapena masamba amadzaza madzi, omwe sangathe kuchitidwa mwanjira iliyonse. Mame a chimbudzi ndi chifukwa cha kuphwanya ulamuliro wothirira. Vuto lotero limachotsedwa ndi kuika chomera kukhala chodyera chatsopano pambuyo povomerezedwa kuchotsedwa kwa zidutswa zakufa kapena zowola za gawo ndi gawo la mlengalenga.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati pangakhale mwala wokwera ukugunda ndivunda, njira yabwino yothetsera vuto ndi kupatulira pamwamba ndikutsitsa. Ndi bwino kuchotsa gawo lomwe linakhudzidwa ndi mbeu.

• Maonekedwe a bulauni pa masamba angasonyeze kukula kwa matenda a fungal. Kuti muwachotse iwo, muyenera kupenda momwe maluwa a miyala amamwetsera.
• Masamba ophwanyika ndi okakamizika, owuma pakati, amasonyeza kufunikira kwa kuthirira mwamsanga.
• Kuwala kosakwanira ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe mwalawo unanyamuka ndipo masamba ake amakhala ovuta.
• Pa kuchepa kwa malo kapena kusowa kwa madzi kumatulutsa masamba ndi pang'ono.

Kuyambira alimi a maluwa akhoza kuyamba bwino mwala wodabwitsa wakuuka kunyumba. Ndimodzichepetsa, mkhalidwe wabwino ku malo okhala, umabereka popanda mavuto ndipo sichimayambitsa matenda. N'zosavuta kukula, ngati kuli kotheka, ndi kutenga nawo gawo, mukhoza kupanga maonekedwe okongoletsera omwe mwala, miyala, kapena zinthu zina zolimba zingakhale zofunikira kwambiri. Echeveria imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zokongoletsera zipinda, pakupanga minda yamaluwa ndi mapiri a alpine.