Maluwa okongola kwambiri - cyclamen. Kulima ndi kusamalira kunyumba, komanso malangizo kwa wamaluwa

Kusamalira mosamala za "ziweto" zanu zomera zimakuthandizani kudutsa nthawi, mudzaze moyo ndi mitundu yatsopano. Cyclamen ndi imodzi mwa zomera zomwe chisamaliro cha panyumba chidzawonekera tsiku ndi tsiku.

M'nkhani yathu mudzaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yonse ya kukula kwa maluwa awa: momwe mungamwetsere ndi kubwezeretsanso, momwe mungayifalikire, zomwe zimafunikira kukula bwino ndi maluwa. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza ndi yosangalatsa pa mutu uwu.

Mafotokozedwe a botanical pa duwa

Cyclamen (kapena, monga imatchedwanso "Alpine violet") ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Ndi chomera cha herbaceous chomwe chili ndi masamba owoneka ngati mtima ndi maluwa okongola. Mphukira ya Alpine imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 30 m'litali, ndipakati ya 10 mpaka 15 ndi masentimita ambiri "amakhala pansi" pansi.

Mmodzi mwa oimira otchuka kwambiri ndi Persian cyclamen. Maluwa ake akhoza kukhala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mithunzi:

• azungu;
• pinki
• mdima wofiira;
• lilac.

Malongosoledwe ndi zithunzi za mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya cyclamen, komanso malingaliro owasamalira, angapezeke m'nkhani yapadera.

Kodi mungakulire bwanji kunyumba?

Mukasankha kutenga maluwa awa, muyenera kulingalira zotsatirazi. M'chipinda chimene mudzabzala chomeracho, m'pofunika kutsatira zinthu zina, monga duwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho yokhudzana ndi kutentha. Kutentha kwa mpweya kumene cyclamen "malo" ayenera kukhala pa madigiri 10 mpaka 20 Celsius. Kumalo kumene kuli mphika wa maluwa, sipangakhale phokoso lamphamvu. Mlengalenga akuyenera kuti asungunuke (chinyezi - pafupifupi 85 mpaka 90 peresenti). Sikoyenera kuika cyclamen pafupi ndi radiators.

Pofuna kukula maluwa a nyumba, nkofunika kupewa kuwala kwa dzuwa, popeza cyclamen imakonda kuwala. Apo ayi, "chiweto" chanu chikhoza kufota. Ngati mwasankha kudzala cyclamen m'dzikolo, sankhani malo mumthunzi wa zomera zazikulu.

Ndikofunika kuthirira chomera ichi pokhapokha pakhomo. Madzi sayenera kugwera pammera. Pa chifukwa chomwecho, pewani kupopera mankhwala.

Musanayambe kukula maluwa awa kunyumba, muyenera kusankha nthaka yabwino. Maonekedwe abwino a nthaka kwa cyclamen ndi awa:

• peat;
• mchenga (makamaka mwala);
• masamba a masamba;
• dongo;
• vermiculite

Komabe, ziyeneranso kugula dothi la cacti. Pangani zakudya zimalimbikitsidwa pokhapokha mutakula kwambiri., pafupifupi 1 nthawi mu masabata awiri.

Penyani kanema za makhalidwe a kukula kwa cyclamen kunyumba:

Njira zoberekera

Pansipa palifotokozedwa momwe mungathetsere cyclamen.

Mbewu

Kubzala mbewu:

1. Tengani mphamvu yozama koma yozama.
2. Mu nthaka, muthetseni mu chidebe, pangani pang'ono, madzi pang'ono panthaka.
3. Mbewu zamera pafupifupi mtunda wa masentimita atatu kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.
4. Pamwamba pa mbewu zomwe zili ndi dziko lapansi.
5. Ikani chidebe pamalo obisika, madzi nthawi zambiri, osalola dothi kuti liume.

Yabwino kutentha kwa cyclamen mphukira - madigiri 18. M'pofunika kupewa kutentha kwa mapiko.

Onerani kanema pa kukula kwa cyclamen kuchokera ku mbewu:

Ndi zitsulo

Kubereka rosettes (kapena "nyanga") ndi motere:

1. Akuwombera pa cyclamen tubers (yomwe imatchedwa "nyanga"), idula ndi kumera mu nthaka yonyowa.
2. Duwa lokha pambuyo pa opaleshoni yoteroyi imayikidwa kwa kanthawi mu thumba la pulasitiki kotero kuti ilo likhoza kupumula kuchokera kuvulala kwa ilo.
3. Mizu ya "nyanga" idzawonekera pafupi masabata 2-3 mutatha kusiyana ndi tuber.
4. Kutentha kumalimbikitsidwa kukhalabe pamtunda wa madigiri 20 mpaka 22.

Leaf

Njira ina yoswana - kudula masamba. Pochita izi, masamba, osiyana ndi "chomera cha amayi", amabzalidwa mu nthaka yonyowa, kumene amazuka.

Bungwe: Komabe, njira iyi si yoyenera kwa mitundu yonse ya cyclamen. Mwachitsanzo, masamba a European cyclamen mizu sanawoneke, choncho kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi sikuvomerezedwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mawu ochepa okhudza matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zimakhudza cyclamen. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mame a Mealy. Chizindikiro cha kunja - chikhomo kumtunda kwa masamba a chomera, mdima wawo.
• Fusarium ndi Verticillus. Pamaso pa nthenda yotereyi, rhizome ndi maziko a peduncles ndi zojambula mu mtundu wofiira kwambiri.
• Phytophthora. Zizindikiro zake zimalumbirira mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu, stalk pus.
• Grey kuvunda. Masamba ndi mphukira zimaphimbidwa ndi imvi pachimake.

N'zotheka kuteteza matendawa ndi matendawa mwa kumangoyendayenda m'chipinda kumene zomera zimakhala. Koma samalani ndi zojambula, akhoza kupha cyclamen mosavuta.

Mvula yoopsa ya tizirombo. Zina mwa izo ndi:

1. kangaude;
2. whitefly;
3. aphid;
4. schitovka.

Mukhoza kuwachotsa mwa kutsuka mosamala chomeracho mu njira ya soapy, kapena pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo.

Malamulo osamalira

Cyclamen sakonda ma drafts, koma mpweya wochuluka umakhalanso wovulaza.. Choncho, ndi bwino kuyika chomera ichi pawindo lomwe likuyang'ana kum'mwera kapena kum'mwera chakum'maŵa, ndipo silimatsegulira.

Kuthirira

Cyclamen amakonda "nthaka yapakati" - nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, ngati yowonjezera, idzakhala yovulaza. Madzi a maluwa ayenera, pamene nthaka ikukula, kuya kwaphalala kwa chala kumakhala kouma.

Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo sikunalangizidwe. Komanso, alimi odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti abwezeretsenso kanyumba kanyumba katatu pachaka - mizu yake imafuna malo okula.

Ndibwino kuti mumwe madziwo pokhapokha mutagawanika, osati madzi owiritsa.. Kwa sludge, madzi amatsanulira mu chidebe ndi khosi lonse (beseni ndi yabwino) ndikusungira maola 6-8.

Komanso, ulimi wothirira uyenera kutenga madzi okwanira pamwamba, chifukwa zinthu zonse zovulaza zimakhala pansi pa thanki. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi owiritsa kuti ulimi wothirira.

Feteleza

Manyowa a maluwa adzakhala abwino kwambiri maluwa.. Koma sizowonjezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mineral feteleza pofuna kudyetsa cyclamen. Ooi akhoza kuvulaza duwa.

Komanso, mumphika, komwe pakhomo panu mumakhala, kuphatikizapo nthaka, m'pofunika kuwonjezera madzi osanjikiza. Chifukwa chaichi, miyala yoyenera kapena dongo lokulitsidwa.

Kuwaza

Mbali ina yofunikira ya cyclamen chisamaliro ndi kuika kwake.. Monga taonera, ziyenera kuchitika pafupifupi 1 nthawi pachaka. Pamene kuziika kusamala - pali ngozi yaikulu yowonongera mizu yovuta ya mbewu.

Nthawi yomaliza ya kuikidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa July mpaka August, pamene chomera chimachoka nthawi yambiri ndikukonzekera maluwa. Kusindikizira chizindikiro kwa kusamba - kupanga mapepala atsopano.

1. Musanayambe kusakaniza nthaka yosakaniza yomwe mukufuna kukonza cyclamen, ndibwino kuti muyike mu uvuni - izi zidzawononga tizirombo zonse. Mphika umalimbikitsidwanso kuti ukhale wotetezedwa ndi matenda a potassium permanganate, kapena njira zina zomwe zilipo.
2. Komanso, masamba onse owuma ndi owonongeka amachotsedwa mmunda, ndipo mizu youma kapena yovunda imadulidwa. Pambuyo pake, nthaka yakale imachotsedwa ku mizu, cyclamen imayikidwa mu mphika watsopano ndipo mizu yake ili ndi dziko lapansi.
3. Sikoyenera kulima chomera nthawi yomweyo mu chidebe chachikulu. Kuchuluka kwa dothi kungayambitse kuvunda kwa mizu, komanso kuti cyclamen imakana kuphulika - mphamvu zake zonse zidzapanga mapangidwe a mizu yambiri.
4. Pambuyo pake, mbeuyo ikhale yotentha (kutentha ndi madigiri 5-7 kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya) ndi kupatulidwa ndi madzi.

Pambuyo pa kuziyika, cyclamen imafuna chisamaliro mosamala kwambiri.. Apo ayi, sangakhale pansi pa "malo atsopano" ndikufa!

Penyani kanema ponena za kusintha kwabwino kwa cyclamen:

Kutsiliza

Cyclamen ndi imodzi mwa maluwa okongoletsera okongola kwambiri ndipo imayenera kulandira malo oyamba m'magulu a alimi ochita masewera. Iye ali wokhoza kuwonjezera mitundu yatsopano ku nyumba ndi ku ofesi ya ofesi, kubweretsa zolemba zachimwemwe ndi chiyembekezo mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mutasamalira bwino cyclamen pakhomo, mungakhale odzitamandira ndi mwamuna wanu wokongola, ndipo nayenso adzakukondani ndi maluwa ake pachaka.