Cyclamen ndi ya Primrose ya banja. M'chilengedwe, pali mitundu pafupifupi 15. Malo akuluakulu a kukula: mayiko a Mediterranean, Turkey, kumpoto kwa Africa, Iran.
Kunyumba, mitundu iwiri yokha imakula: Persian cyclamen kapena Alpine violet ndi European cyclamen kapena zofiirira. Zimasiyana mosiyana. Persian ndi yaikulu kwambiri.
Mfundo za kulima
Zimakhulupirira kuti cyclamen yokhala yopanda ulemu imakhala yopanda nzeru kwambiri. Koma si choncho. Maluwawo ndi okongola kwambiri. Iye samapereka mavuto ochulukirapo akukula, malinga ndi malamulo osavuta:
- Cyclamen salola kuleza kutentha. Kutentha kwake kwabwino pa nthawi ya maluwa ndi 8-12 C.
- Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayambitsa chikasu ndi tsamba kugwa.
- Tuber sayenera kuikidwa m'manda pansi. Gawo limodzi lachitatu likhalebe pamwamba.
- Kubzala mphika ayenera kukhala kochepa. Mtunda kuchokera ku tuber kupita kumakoma a mphika ayenera kukhala 2-3 masentimita.
- Sitikufuna kuchuluka kwa mchere m'nthaka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Za momwe mungasamalire cyclamen nthawi ndi maluwa, tanena mwatsatanetsatane apa.
Chithunzi
Onani momwe wambulamu akuyang'ana pa chithunzi, chomwe chisamaliro choyenera chikuchitika:
Kuthirira kwabwino: zofunikira zoyambirira
Kuti duwa liphuke mokongola komanso modabwitsa, muyenera kupanga chisamaliro chabwino ndi kuthirira bwino. Cyclamen amakonda mkulu chinyezi, koma salola pamene pali zambiri komanso nthawi zambiri madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha maluwa awa kuposa kusowa kwake. Ndi kuthirira kawirikawiri, tuber ya maluwa imavunda, ndipo masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndi kufota. Ngati nthaka yayuma kwambiri, pali chiopsezo cha nthata.
Kodi nthawi zambiri imafunidwa pa maluwa ndi nthawi ya dormancy?
Palibe chidziwitso chodziwika kuti nthawi zambiri cyclamen imayenera kuthiriridwa kunyumba. Chisonyezero chachikulu cha kufunika kwa ulimi wothirira ndi owuma pamwamba. Ndikwanira kuyesa chala mu dziko lapansi lopaka. Ngati chala chake chimalowa m'madzi awiri, chimakhala chouma.
Chizindikiro china chosowa kuthirira ndi pamene masamba ataya kutaya. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, 2 kuthirira pa sabata kumakhala kokwanira. M'chaka cha 1 nthawi masabata awiri.
Kodi madzi ayenera kukhala otani?
Cyclamen imathiridwa madzi. Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera ndi ofewa. Njira yabwino - fungulo, thawed kapena madzi amvula. Osagwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira. Kutentha kokha. Asanamwe madzi, asiye madzi kwa maola 12 kuti muthe. Mutha kuwonjezera madontho angapo a Fitosporin kuti muteteze tuber.
Kodi feteleza ndi kudyetsa?
Pa nthawi ya maluwa, mutatha mvula yam'mawa, chomeracho chiyenera kukula masamba, masamba ndi maluwa kwa kanthawi kochepa. Maluwawo amatulutsa mchere wofunikira m'nthaka. Ngati dothi latha, ndiye kuti kukula ndi maluwa sizingatheke, choncho ndikusowa chakudya chowonjezera. Pezani feteleza wapadera kwa violets ndi zomera zina zamkati mu shopu la maluwa. Izi zingakhale mineral complexes ndi ammonium ndi potaziyamu nitrate, superphosphates.
Posankha nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi zovuta feteleza, chofunika kuzipatsa potaziyamu. Odziŵa bwino alimi amalangiza kutenga mankhwala awa:
- Choyenera.
- Tsvetovit.
- Kemira Suite.
- Ferovit.
- Kupumula
Otsutsa feteleza zamakina amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera mavitamini. Monga kuvala pamwamba iwo amawonjezera pa nthaka:
- yisiti njira;
- mtengo;
- kansalu kakang'ono ka nthochi monga potassium;
- zitosi za mbalame;
- tincture wa manyowa a ng'ombe;
- tincture chakudya zonyansa.
Palemba. Pofuna kupewa matenda ndi zakudya zamchere, nthaka ikhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi peel, adyo ndi zitsamba zina.
Mitundu ya kuthirira pakhomo
Cyclamen panyumba ikukula miphika. Pali njira zitatu zoyenera kuthirira cyclamen kukula miphika popanda kuwononga masamba, tubers ndi maluwa.
Ndi kuthirira kungathe
Ikani msuzi wa madzi ochepa pang'onopang'ono kapena phokoso pang'onopang'ono motsutsana ndi khoma la mkati mwa mphika ndipo pang'onopang'ono muziyenda mozungulira kuzungulira nthaka. Pambuyo pa ola limodzi, madzi owonjezera omwe amathiridwa mu poto ayenera kuthiridwa.
Musayambe kumwa madzi pamwamba pa zomera, masamba, zimayambira, maluwa, tubers. Ndi kuthirira kotero, duwa limadwala ndi nkhungu zakuda ndi matenda ena a fungus ndi kufa.
Immersion mphika mu madzi
- Lembani beseni ndi madzi a matepi.
- Tiyeni tiime kwa osachepera tsiku.
- Pewani maluwa m'madzi kuti mpweya wa mphika uziwoneka masentimita 1 pamwamba pa madzi.
- Siyani mpaka chidziwitso chakuda chonyowa chikuwonekera pa nthaka.
Choncho dziko lapansi linakhudza madzi okwanira. Ndiye mukhoza kutulutsa mphika ndikusiya madzi owonjezera.
Ndikofunikira! Musaike miphika ingapo m'mabotolo ndipo musagwiritse ntchito madzi otsala kuti mumwe madzi ena. Kupyolera mu madzi, matenda amatha kufalikira kuchokera ku duwa limodzi kupita ku mzake.
Kusungunulidwa kuchokera ku khola
Alimi ena amaika duwa m'kamwala pamunsi. Mu poto kutsanulira madzi pang'ono. Kuchokera pansi pa pakhomo kudzera mu dzenje mu mphika mutambasule ulusi womwe ukufika pamwamba pa nthaka. Mothandizidwa ndi chimbudzi, madzi amachokera ku khola mu chingwe ndipo amagawanika mofanana m'nthaka.
Kuti madzi asapunthike, pansi pa potoli amadziwika ndi moss, miyala, matabwa, zomwe zimakhala zokongoletsera.
Penyani kanemayo ponena za kuthirira cyclamen pogwiritsa ntchito chipinda:
Kodi mungatani ngati duwa "litalowa mu hibernation"?
Alimi ena amaluwa akulakwitsa poganiza kuti cyclamen ndi "hibernates" ndipo safuna kuthirira mu chilimwe. Kuthirira ndi kofunika, koma mocheperapo kusiyana ndi nthawi ya maluwa. Kwa tubers sichikuphwanyika ndipo si chakufa, muyenera kumwa madzi osapitirira 1 nthawi masabata awiri madzi opangidwa ndi phytohormones. Ndipo ikani maluwa pamalo ozizira omwe alibe malo otentha.
Phunzirani bwino
Kuti mukhale ndi cyclamen yabwino, gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko yotsatirayi:
- Pang'onopang'ono muthamangitse zomwe zili mu mphika.
- Chotsani mizu yovunda.
- Dulani mbali yovunda ya tuber ku malo abwino.
- Malo owuma owuma ndi oponderezedwa atayikidwa mpweya.
- Gwiritsani ntchito Topaz kapena fungicide.
- Bzalani maluwa atsopano, osungunuka padziko lapansi chifukwa cha cyclamen.
Matenda a Alpine Violet
- Ngati m'nyengo yachisanu masamba ndi maluwa zinayamba kuwonongeka, ndiye kuti mphepo yamkuntho imamwalira kuchokera ku chinyezi chochuluka komanso madzi pa tuber. Maluwa amatha kupulumutsa.
Ngati malo okhudzidwawo anali ochepa, ndiye kuti duwa limapulumuka ndipo limachira. - Ngati tuber yathyoka. Zikuoneka kuti zimachokera ku zowonjezereka za chinyezi. Pezani chiwerengero cha madziwa ndikuwonjezera madontho awiri a Fitosporin kumadzi.
- Ngati simungakwanitse kuthirira kapena kutentha mpweya wouma mu chipinda, cyclamen ikhoza kukhala ndi masamba akulu, koma maluwawo amakhalabe aakulu ndi amphamvu. Muyenera kuonjezera chiwerengero cha ulimi wothirira madzi, kutonthoza mlengalenga ndi mfuti kapena kusamukira ku malo amodzi.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi matenda a cyclamen ndi momwe mungagwirire nazo zingapezeke pano.
Kuthirira, kudyetsa ndi kusamalira cyclamen kunyumba sikutanthauza kuti tsiku ndi tsiku ntchito ndi ndalama zapadera zimagulidwa. Chomeracho ndichabechabe ndipo chisamaliro chabwino chidzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa okongola m'nyengo yozizira, kukumbukira nyengo yotentha.
