Echeveria ndi chomera cha banja la Tolstyankovyh, chomwe chimakula bwino ngati chomera. Duwa la Echeveria linafika ku Russia kuchokera ku Mexico ndipo linayamba kutchuka pakati pa alimi a maluwa, makamaka pakati pa omwe amagwira nawo ntchito. Dzinalo lodziwika bwino la dengalo ndi mwala. Komanso, ndikulakwitsa, nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi mnyamatayo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe akunja. Oyamba maluwa ayenera kuopa kuyambitsa chomera ichi, chifukwa chisamaliro chamaluwa cha echeveria kunyumba ndichosavuta. Ndiwosankha, wachilendo komanso wosangalatsa.
Mitundu yayikulu ya echeveria
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, botanists adafotokoza mitundu 150 ya mbewuyi, koma ena ndi okhawo omwe amabzala kunyumba.
Echeveria wachisomo
Makhalidwe akuluakulu amtunduwu ndi amtundu wa masamba, amtundu wa buluu wopepuka, 5c kutalika ndi 2 cm mulifupi, rosette lathyathyathya, mphukira zowongoka zomwe zimatera pansi ndi msinkhu ndipo zimatha kudziyimira zokha. Mu chomera chachikulire, rosette imatha kutalika masentimita 17, ndipo mphukira zake zazing'ono zimapezeka pazomera zazitali za pinki kapena zachikaso.
Echeveria
Echeveria Agavoidis
Imayimiridwa ndi kakhalidwe kamodzi kamene kamafika masentimita 25 kuposa. Mphukira zazifupi zazing'ono nthawi zambiri sizimawoneka konse. Masamba okhala ndi mawonekedwe amakono atatu amakula mpaka 9cm kutalika ndi 6 cm mulifupi. Kupaka zobiriwira ndi kufinya kofiyira. Maonekedwe okhathamira. Ma inflorescence a mtundu wa lalanje amapezeka pamtunda wambiri.
Mitundu yopangidwa ndi Agave
Echeveria Lau
Ma Succulents okhala ndi rosette pafupifupi 20 cm, amasiya mpaka 6 cm. Feature - zolengeza pamasamba, chifukwa chomwe mbewuyo imawoneka yoyera. Kusiyana kwina kuchokera pamtundu wina kumakhala kwakukulu, mpaka maluwa a 2 cm, omwe ali pamitundu yayitali ya inflorescence ya hue yowala ya lalanje.
Sanjani Lau
Echeveria mwachidule
Mitundu ya Shrub, yomwe, monga lamulo, sizachilendo pamtunduwu. Ma Rosette ndi opindika mawonekedwe, pa aliyense wa iwo pali masamba a maolivi owala kwambiri mpaka 9cm kutalika mpaka 3 cm mulifupi. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi chilimwe. Ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha masamba ofunda okutidwa ndi tinsomba tating'ono.
Echeveria mwachidule
Chithokomiro cha Echeveria
Wosatha ndi chosakanizira, masamba amtundu wa buluu. Popita nthawi, kuthawa kumayamba kufalikira pansi. Zimamasamba pakati pa chirimwe ndi maluwa achikasu-lalanje.
Echeveria Miranda
Chofunikira chake ndi mtundu wosazolowereka wa masamba owongoka. Amatha kukhala amtundu, ofiira, opinki, achikaso. Kunja kumafanana ndi loti.
Gulu la Miranda
Echeveria Shavian
Kunja kofanana ndi mutu wa kabichi. Amadziwika ndi tsinde lalifupi komanso masamba owonda pang'ono kuposa oimira ena amtunduwu. Masamba amatha ndi madontho a wavy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito zolimba. Limamasula pakati pa chilimwe. Pa dormancy, imataya korona wambiri.
Shaviana osiyanasiyana
Echeveria humpbackflower
Ndi shrub yaying'ono yokhala ndi phesi loongoka, mtengo wake womwe umapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba akuluakulu obiriwira. Kukula kwa inflorescence ndi kwakukulu. Imatha kukhala ndi maluwa 30 kapena 60 ofiira. Pakati pa obereketsa abwino, ma hybrids ake nawonso amatchuka - echeveria Pearl ya Nuremberg ndi Metallic.
Tcherani khutu! M'misika yogulitsa maluwa, kusakaniza kwa echeveria nthawi zambiri kumakhala kugulitsidwa, kuphatikiza mitundu ingapo yosiyanasiyana. Ndipo palimodzi amatha kupanga mawonekedwe achilendo.
Echeveria: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Kutengera malamulo ena, mwala woyimitsa umatha kukongoletsa sill iliyonse, kumera m'malo omwe mbewu zambiri sizimakonda (mwachitsanzo, kumwera chakumwera), komanso chonde ndi maluwa apachaka. Kusamalira echeveria ndizochepa, ndipo zotsatira zake zingasangalatse olima maluwa kwa zaka zambiri.
Kutentha
Eheveria wachuma, monga abale ake ena ambiri, sakugwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka kutentha. M'chilimwe, nthawi yakula, imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 27-30 ° С, nthawi yozizira, 10-12 ° С imawonedwa ngati njira yabwino kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, izi zikuthandizira kuyika mapesi amphamvu a maluwa chaka chamawa. Koma kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhalanso koyenera ngati palibe njira yoyeretsera chomera m'chipinda chozizira.
Kuwala
Duwa labwino kwambiri. Paulimi wake, mawindo akumwera ndi abwino kwambiri, omwe maluwa ambiri amkati amapewa. Komabe, mbewu zazing'ono zimayenera kuzolowera kuwala pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono popewa kupsa ndi dzuwa. Koma patapita nthawi dzuwa limawala kwambiri, masamba amatenga malire osangalatsa, ndipo maluwa omwe akutuluka ndi chozizwitsa chozizwitsa. Ndipo kuphukira mu nyengo yotentha ya dzuwa, zokoma izi zidzakhala zazikulu, zowala komanso zazitali. Ngakhale kuti chomerachi chimatengedwa kuti ndi chabwino kutacha mbali ya chiwembu chowala ndi dzuwa.
Zofunika! Chomerachi chimasinthana bwino ndi malo otseguka ndipo chimakongoletsa phiri lililonse lalitali m'mundamo.
Alpine slide ndi miyala yamiyala
Kuthirira
Mtengowo umalekerera bwino mpweya wouma, kuti mutha kuupera kuchokera ku mfuti yakuwombera Mulimonsemo, ndi chinyezi chambiri, kuwola kwa masamba ndikotheka. M'nyengo yotentha, kuthirira ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati dothi louma likhala louma. Mukabzala mumsewu, kuthirira ndikofunikira pokhapokha nthawi yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha pang'ono, muyenera kuthirira kamodzi masabata awiri, kutentha wamba - pofunikira, kokha ndi madzi okhazikika. Kuthirira oyambira okha kuti musatsegulidwe.
Kuwaza
Kumwaza kuwola kumayenera kupewedwa ngakhale nyengo yotentha kwambiri, monga chomera cha ku Mexico choterechi chimasinthidwa kuti chizikhala ndi mpweya wouma, koma sichimalola kudzikundikira kwa masamba. Kuchotsa fumbi, masamba amapukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pang'ono.
Zofunika! Simungathe kupukuta mbewuzo ngati zili ndi villi kapena zolembera. Kwa mitundu yotere, izi zitha kupha.
Zomera zakutchire
Chinyezi
Echeveria sakonda zipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi mopambanitsa, ikonda youma. Komanso, chinyezi cha dothi sichichita nawo gawo lalikulu. Amapirira ngakhale pang'ono chilala.
Dothi
Njira yabwino yopangira dothi kukhala gawo lokonzekera bwino la cacti kapena ma suppulents. Pamenepo, mbewu zimakula ndikukula bwino. Koma kwa alimi omwe amakonda kupanga dothi kusakaniza paokha, pali njira yotsatirayi:
- dothi-turf dziko (magawo atatu);
- tsamba lawola lapansi (gawo limodzi);
- mchenga wowuma (gawo limodzi);
- tchipisi ta njerwa (gawo 1).
Zofunika! Ndikofunikira kukonza ngalande, chifukwa dongo lomakulitsidwa ndi loyenereradi, pokhapokha ngati chikhala chovuta kubzala.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Duwa lamiyala limadyetsedwa nthawi yakula; nthawi yozizira, ziphuphu zimatha. Muyenera kupanga feteleza wama mineral a suppulents kapena cacti, ogulitsidwa m'misika. Feteleza zachilengedwe sizofunikira. Kuchulukitsa kwa nayitrogeni kuyeneranso kupewedwa, izi zingayambitse kukula kwa matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus. Mutha kudyetsa chomeracho pafupipafupi, chifukwa feteleza wowonjezera amatha kuwononga mizu yomera.
Zofunika! Ngati gawo lapamwamba la gawo lapansi limasinthidwa pafupipafupi, ma subcrusts amatha kusiyidwa kwathunthu.
Momwe echeveria imafalira
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira echeveria. Kumera kwa mbewu ndikovuta kwambiri. Zosavuta kwambiri ndizodulidwa masamba ndi masokosi aakazi.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa febru - koyambirira kwa Marichi, zinthu zobzala zimabzalidwa posakaniza peat ndi mchenga. Phimbani ndi cellophane kapena galasi. Kutentha m'chipindacho sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa 20 ° C, koma osati kwambiri. Nthawi ndi nthawi mumathandizira wowonjezera kutentha kuti asapangidwe ndi nkhungu, ndi madzi ochokera mfuti yolusa. Pakatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri, mbewu iliyonse imamera.
Masamba awiri atawonekera, mutha kudumphira m'miphika yaying'ono ndi dothi la mchenga ndi mchenga (2: 1). Pambuyo pokula mpaka masentimita 2-3, amathanso kuwaika m'miphika yolingana ndi kukula kwawo.
Mizu yodula
Musanadzalemo zodulira, ndikofunikira kuphika miphika ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 10 cm ndikuwadzaza ndi mchenga kapena kompositi. Asanadzalemo zodulira (zamasamba ndi tsinde), zimasiyidwa pang'ono kuti zigonere, kuti ziume. Monga lamulo, njira yofalitsira iyi imagwira ntchito nthawi zonse, ndipo zodulidwa zonse zimazika mizu. Nthawi yabwino yobereka mwanjira imeneyi ndi nthawi ya masika, koma zitha kuchitika m'chilimwe kumapeto kwa kukula.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Kubalana ndi rosettes
Njira yosavuta kwambiri ya echeveria imafalikira pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo za ana aakazi. Mitundu yambiri yamtundu wa masika imapanga ma rosette ang'onoang'ono omwe angabzalidwe mumphika ndikukula chomera chatsopano. Soketi zimabzalidwa mumzinthu yaying'ono yodzazidwa ndi dothi la akulu akulu. Mazu awo athunthu m'malo atsopano ndi achangu kwambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Mitundu ingapo ingabzalidwe mumphika umodzi nthawi imodzi, zimapangitsa chidwi.
Kubalana ndi rosettes
Thirani mutagula
Alimi a Newbie nthawi zambiri samadziwa momwe angasamalire echeveria atagula. Amamuthamangitsira mumphika watsopano nthawi yomweyo. Inde, kuyika ndikofunikira, chifukwa gawo lapansi lomwe chomera chomwe chikugulitsidwa sichili choyenera kulima kwanthawi yayitali, chifukwa mulibemo michere mulimonso. Koma kuonjezereka sikofunikira nthawi yomweyo, nthawi yokhayo yokhala pafupifupi milungu iwiri imakakamizidwa. Zomerazo ziyenera kuyikidwa pawindo lina kuti zizisintha mwanjira zina zachilengedwe. Tiyeneranso kuyang'ana matenda ndi tizirombo. Pambuyo pake, mwala wamwala umasinthidwa kuti ukhale wopanga mbewu zachikulire, ndikuyika dongo la mphika.
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kusintha chomera chogulidwa nthawi yozizira pokhapokha pa nthawi yoyambira.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula kwa echeveria
Zowopsa kwambiri pamtengowo ndizochulukirapo chinyezi, kudzikundikira kwake m'mabowo, komanso kukhathamiritsa kwamizu yambiri. Ichi ndichinthu choyenera kupewa. Koma palinso mavuto ena.
Masamba a Echeveria adagwa
Ambiri, osadziwa zambiri, olima maluwa nthawi zambiri amadabwa chifukwa chomwe duwa losavutali lidachoka masamba. Tsamba lokwanira limagwa, monga lamulo, sizimachitika, koma zitsulo zokha pa tsinde lopanda kanthu. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikukula kwa mizu chifukwa chinyezi chambiri. Vutoli limakhala lothandiza makamaka nyengo yozizira. Osataya mtima. Choyamba, masamba okugwa amatha kuzika mizu ngati athanzi. Zomera zambiri zazing'ono zimakula kuchokera kwa iwo. Kachiwiri, ndikuyenera kuyanika dothi loumbika, mutha kulichotsa mu mphika, kudula mizu yovunda mosamala ndikubzala mwala womwe unamera dothi latsopano.
Echeveria akukula
Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, echeveria imatha kutambasuka. Mu sayansi, kukula kovuta kwambiri kumatchedwa etiachu. Izi zimachitika pakakhala kusowa kwa kuwala, komwe kumakonda makamaka nthawi yozizira.
Zofunika! Kutsika kwamadzi ndi kutentha kwambiri kumathandizanso pochita izi. Kuti muchepetse kukula, muyenera kuyika mbewu pamalo abwino, konzekerani kuyeretsa ndi kuchepetsa kuthirira.
Ngati mwala udzu watambasuka kale, muyenera kudula ndi muzu wokutira korona kapena chodzala ana onse, njira ndi mizu yodula. Ngati chisoti chachifumucho chikukulitsidwa, ndipo palibe njira yabwinobwino yozika mizu pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kudikirira mpaka chiwonekere. Koma zokhazo zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa.
Echeveria (mwala rose) ndi wokongola komanso wosakoma, wopanda chidwi komanso wosasamala posamalira. Ndizoyenera kubweretsa kwa iwo omwe amakonda kukula nthumwi za maluwa, adzakongoletsa phiri lililonse lalitali. Itha kuchitidwa ndi oyamba kumene, idzasangalatsa okonda maluwa, adzanyadira chomerachi nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
