Maluwa a atumwi kapena iris (yomwe imatchedwanso kuti neo-maric) lero akuonedwa ngati chomera chodabwitsa. Ngakhale kuti zaka 20-30 zapitazo maluwa amenewa amapezeka m'nyumba zambiri, masukulu, mabuku. Wosangalatsa wa masamba a malachite amakhala okondweretsa alendo, koma maluwa sankatchulidwa kawirikawiri. Cholakwika ndi kusagwirizana ndi kutentha ndi zosayenera. Momwe mungatulutsire neomarich ndi zomwe zimasamalidwa, tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Malongosoledwe a botanical a zomera
Neomarika (lat. - Neomarica) ndi woimira kwambiri banja la iris. Ndi zomera zotsamba zam'mimba zomwe zikukula mumadambo otentha a ku Central ndi South America ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa.
Mukudziwa? Pali nthano yakuti chiphuphu chimamera pokhapokha chiwerengero cha masamba chikufikira 12. Choncho, chiri ndi dzina lina - maluwa a utumwi.
Chomeracho chinalandira dzina lake lotchuka (kuyenda kapena kuyenda iris) chifukwa cha mtundu weniweni wa maluwa: imaponyera pang'onopang'ono pafupifupi mamita 1.5. Pambuyo maluwawo atayima, chomera chodziimira chimapezeka kumapeto kwa tsinde, yomwe ikukula ndi kukula. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa kulemera kwake, peduncle imayang'ana pansi. Patapita kanthawi, ndondomekoyi imayamba mizu ndikukhala chokhazikika.
Masamba a duwa ndi yaitali, okonzeka, amakhala ndi lupanga. Kuphatikiza kwa pepalala ndi masentimita 5-6, ndipo kutalika ndi 0.5-1.5 m.
Maluwa amapezeka kuchokera kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May mpaka kumayambiriro kwa June. The pedicle imapangidwa mwachindunji pa tsamba. Mtsuko uliwonse umapanga 3-5 inflorescences omwe amakondwera ndi maluwa awo masiku awiri okha. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, pafupifupi masentimita asanu m'mimba mwake, onunkhira, ojambula makamaka mu kirimu mithunzi. Kummero kwa inflorescence pali mitsempha ya buluu yotumbululuka. 
Mitundu ya Zomanga
Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya kuyenda iris. Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yachilengedwe, pali hybrid.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi mfundo zina, duwa limakhala ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha chikondi cha madzi, polemekeza nymph Marika.
Koma panyumba pangokhala mitundu yochepa yokhala ndi nthendayi:
- Slender. Maluwa aakulu. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a malupanga, leathery, green green, amapanga fan. Kutalika kwa tsamba lililonse kufika pa 40-60 masentimita, m'lifupi - 4-5 masentimita. Maluwa pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri a masentimita 6 mpaka 10 amapangidwa pa peduncle imodzi. Maluwa ali ndi kirimu kapena golide ndipo ndi ephemeral. M'maŵa amayamba kufutukuka pang'onopang'ono, pafupi ndi usana kuti kufotokozera kwatha kale, ndipo madzulo akufota.
- Kumpoto. Maluwa osatha ndi masamba okwana 70-90 masentimita ndi mamita 4-5 masentimita lonse. Maluŵa ndi lavender wofiirira ndi wofiira, ali ndi pfungo lokoma. Dera lililonse la maluwa ndi 8-10 masentimita.
- Variegated. Zimasiyana ndi mtundu wina wa masamba a motley ndi ochuluka, mautali aatali (maluwa otchedwa inflorescences amalowa m'malo atsopano). Pa tsamba la masamba obiriwira amaonekera mosiyana ndi mikwingwirima yoyera.
- Yellow. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinyama, popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo zamtunduwu imakhala yosaoneka bwino.
Zomwe zimakulira kunyumba
Neomarich ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, ndikusunga malamulo oyambirira, mukhoza kukwaniritsa kukula ndi maluwa. Ngakhale kuti duwa limafuna malo ambiri, imakula bwino mumthunzi.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Neomaric imakula bwino kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Dzuŵa limawotcha masamba a duwa, lomwe limakhudza kwambiri maonekedwe, chotero chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pritenyat kuchokera ku mdima wa masana.
Mavuto otentha
Kuyenda iris kumakonda kukongola. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 10% + 15 ° C, komanso nthawi yamaluwa - + 20 ... + 23 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Kutentha kwakanthawi panthawi yopumula n'kofunikira. Mipamwamba imabweretsa mfundo yakuti neomarich imasiya kufalikira.
Mu gawo lotsalira, ndi bwino kusamutsa mphika pamalo ozizira ndi kutentha kwa + 5 ... + 8 ° C.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Zosangalatsa zachilengedwe zowonongeka ndi 50-60%. Chomeracho chiyenera kutsitsidwa pa nthawi yotentha m'chilimwe komanso nthawi yotentha. Nthawi ndi nthawi maluwawo amasambitsidwa kusamba (kusamba pfumbi ndi madzi otentha). Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka madzi akumwa kuchokera m'mabowo. 
Kusamalira kwanu
N'zosavuta kusamalira neomarich yokoma. Chomera chimakula mofulumira, koma chimayamba pachimake pokhapokha ngati chisamalire bwino.
Kusamba malamulo
M'chilimwe, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka, kuyenda kwa iris kumawononga madzi ambiri. Kuti azitonthoza, amamwa madzi otentha (otentha, osungunuka, owiritsa) ndi kutentha kwa 23 ... + 25 ° C. Mukhoza kuwonjezera madzi a mandimu kuti mumwe madzi. M'masiku otentha ndi chilimwe, madzi amamwe madzi masiku 3-4. M'dzinja, kumapeto kwa maluwa gawo, kuthirira kwafupika mpaka masiku 7-10, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imachepetsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi ambiri akhoza kuwononga mizu.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kumtchire, neomarika imakula pa dothi lopanda kanthu, choncho safuna feteleza zina. Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kudyetsa mowirikiza pa May-June 1-2 pa mwezi. Pakuti maluwa okongolawa akukonzekera ma orchids.
Kudulira
Ndondomekoyi imachitidwa, ndikuchotsa mapesi a maluwa ndi masamba. Pofuna kukhalabe okongola, ndibwino kuti mudula anawo kuti mbewuyo isamasule masamba atsopano.
Kuwaza
Young baka kuikidwa chaka chilichonse. Ndiye nkofunika kuti mutenge maluwawo zaka ziwiri ndi ziwiri mu chidebe chatsopano. Chitani icho kumapeto. Pofuna kuika, chidebe chopanda kanthu chimasankhidwa chifukwa mizu ya neomarish ndi yaing'ono. Kuthira kwa madzi kumatsanulira pansi pa mphika, ndiye nthaka yokonzedwa. Mizu imafalikira pamtunda wonse, kukulitsa ndi masentimita 4-5.
Maonekedwe a nthaka ayenera kukhala ndi zigawo izi:
- Dziko la sod - 1 kutumikira;
- tsamba kapena peat - magawo 2;
- wosweka pine makungwa kapena mtsinje mchenga - 1 gawo.
Mitundu yambiri ya kuyenda iris imakula pa dothi lochepa kwambiri ndi pH mlingo wa ma unit 5-6. Kupatulapo ndi Slender Neomarich, yomwe ikufunira pankhaniyi: ikufunikira nthaka yopanda ndale ndi pH ya 6.6-7.5. Ngati maluwawo akukula kwambiri, akhoza kupatulidwa.
Mukudziwa? Ku Middle Ages, kulima maluwa kunali kovuta, ndipo wamaluwa ankalemekezedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, iwo omwe amanyalanyaza ntchito yawo, amatha kumangirira pamphepete komanso ngakhale kudula dzanja lake.
Panthawi yopuma
Chomeracho chimapita mu mpumulo kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa Oktoba ndipo chili mkati mpaka kumapeto kwa February. Panthawiyi, neomarich ili pamalo okwera kwambiri ndipo imapereka kutentha kwa 5+ + 10 ° C.
Kuswana
Nthaŵi zambiri, neomarich imafalitsidwa vegetatively. Kukula maluwa kuchokera ku mbewu kumaonedwa kuti ndi yopanda ntchito komanso nthawi yowonongeka.
Kugawa chitsamba
Pamene neomarich imakula ndi nthawi, imapanga chitsamba chokhala ndi rosettes zingapo. Pankhani imeneyi, duwa lingagawidwe. Neomarich amakumbidwa, kutsukidwa ndi clodi yadothi ndikugawidwa mu zidutswa ndi chida chakuthwa (mwachitsanzo, tsamba). Mu Dipatimenti iliyonse payenera kukhala 3-4 masamba kuti akule. Dulani m'mphepete mwa madzi ophwanyika ndipo mwamsanga muyika. 
Kuwombera ana
Pambuyo maluwa, makanda amaonekera pamapeto a pedicel. Iwo akukonzekera mwakhama ndipo ali okonzeka kuthamanga mofulumira. Zokhazikika za mwana zimadulidwa ndikuikidwa mu nthaka yonyowa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati anawo alibe nthawi yoti ayambe, amachoka, osati kulekanitsa ndi maluwa a mayi.
Pafupi ndi chomera cha amai, amaika chidebe ndi nthaka yofiira, yonyowa, kuŵerengera muzitsulo pamenepo ndi kuichotsa. Kulimbikitsa mwanayo kukonza chojambula kapena waya. Kutsekemera kumatenga masabata awiri. Pambuyo poonekera kwa mizu, peduncle imadulidwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Neomarick imakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa chitetezo cha matenda ambiri. Nthenda yokhayo yomwe ingathe kuwononga chitsamba ndi kangaude. Monga lamulo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa maluwa pamene nyengo ikukula, makamaka pamene mpweya uli wouma kwambiri.
Nkhupakupa imadziwika ndi kabubu kakang'ono kosaoneka pamphepete mwa tsamba la masamba ndi "punctures" zambiri pamwamba. Mukangowona zizindikiro zoyambirira, muyenera kuyamba kumenyana. Kuti muchite izi, sambani maluwawo kusamba, mosamala mosamala masambawo ndi sopo ndi madzi. Kuonjezera apo, m'pofunikira kupopera tizilombo tosokoneza mavitamini 2-3 pa sabata. 
Kuwonjezereka kwa nthawi zonse kwa chinyezi kungawononge chitukuko chosautsa - mizu zowola. Mu nyengo yozizira, vuto limangowonjezereka. Kuchotsa vutoli ndi losavuta: duwa limachotsedwa mu mphika, mizu imachotsedwa pansi ndi zidutswa zowonongeka. Pambuyo pake, amachiritsidwa ndi fungicides ndikusandulika ku nthaka yatsopano.
Neomarich ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri omwe amatha kukula ngakhale maluwa osadziŵa zambiri. Chisamaliro chapadera ndi mikhalidwe yabwino idzapindula ndi maluwa okongola ndi obiriwira.
