Graceful daisies katananhe sangasiye osayanjanitsika. Amadzithandizira utoto wamba wamunda wam'maso ndi matayala abuluu. Mlendo uyu waku Mediterranean akufanizidwa ndi ma maluwa a chimanga kapena ma chicory, koma maluwa akutalika kwambiri ndi ochulukirapo amadziwika.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Katananha ndi wa banja la Asteraceae ndipo kuyambira nthawi zakale amatengedwa kuti ndiwowonjezera chikondi ndi njira yotchulira chikondi. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, dzina lake limatanthawuza "chopatsa mphamvu." Mtengo wa herbaceousyu ndiwosatha, ngakhale kuti m'dziko lathu mulibenso zaka zopitilira 2-3. Chifukwa cha kudzifesa kochuluka, kubzala kumasinthidwa palokha, ndikokwanira kuchotsa mphukira zouma. Mizu yake sinali yayikulu ndipo imakhala ndi mizu ingapo.
Woonda, koma wowoneka bwino wowongoka ali ndi mphukira zambiri mbali yakumwambako, motero amapanga chitsamba chobowola mpaka 1 mita kutalika. Tsinde likadulidwa, madzi amchere amatulutsidwa. Amawombera maliseche, amasangalatsa kwambiri ndi yochepa villi.
Masamba a Cirrus amayambira 15-30 masentimita kutalika kosanja. Masamba ake ndi owongoka kapena opindika pang'ono, opaka utoto wonyezimira bwino. M'mphepete mwa masamba ndi yosalala, ndikutalika kwamano mano kumtunda.
Maluwa amakongoletsa nsonga za zomerazo ndipo amakhala ndi dengu lovuta. Mu inflorescence imodzi imatha kukhala masamba 5, omwe amatsegulidwa. Kukula kwakukulu kwa maluwa ndi masentimita 4-5. Ziphuphu zimapangidwa m'mizere ingapo. Zazitali kwambiri zimakhala pansi, ndipo pafupi ndi pakati, zimafupikitsidwa. Mphepete yakunja yamapeteni ndiyopindika. Malo olimba ndi a buluu, lilac, achikaso kapena oyera. Pakatikati pake ndimdima (wofiirira, wa bulauni kapena wakuda), pafupifupi ma damondi owala achikasu owala pang'ono ndi miyendo yayitali amawonekera pa iye.
Maluwa otulutsa maluwa amapezeka mu Meyi-Julayi, koma maluwa amodzi amawoneka mpaka chisanu. Mafuta atafota, bokosi la siliva labwino kwambiri limasungidwa. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ovoid ndipo imakutidwa ndi masikelo afupiafupi. Mbewu ndi yozungulira, yaying'ono. 1 g ili ndi pafupifupi 500 zidutswa.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu katananhe siyosiyana mitundu. Mokwanira pali mitundu isanu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsa. Alimi anyumba amayamikiridwa kwambiri katananhe buluu. Ku Europe, mitunduyi idalandira "Arrows of Cupid." Kutalika kwa tchire lophika sikupita masentimita 60. Zimayambira zolimba, zowoneka bwino, zoyenera kukameta ubweya. Masamba ooneka ngati Ribbon amasonkhanitsidwa mumakola am'munsi ndikufika kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Fluff yaying'ono imawonekera pamitengo ndi pansi pamasamba. Maluwa akulu, mpaka masentimita 5, ali ndi utoto wabuluu kapena wopepuka. Ziphuphu ndi zida. Phata lofiirira limawonekera ngati malo owala. Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera:
- yoyera (kakombo Dutch) - ndi maluwa oyera-oyera;
- kusangalatsa - mphukira zobiriwira zobiriwira ndi masamba opatsidwa korona ndi maluwa owala a lilac;
- chachikulu - maluwa owala, a lilac.
Katananha chikasu. Udzu wochepa udzu umakwera pansi mpaka masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Basil yokhala ndi basal yokhala ndi masamba a lanceolate amatha mpaka 15 cm. Masamba otsetsereka amakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono okwana mpaka 3 cm.Mwezi wa June, mabasiketi achikasu okhala ndi bango lakale amayamba maluwa. Maluwa amapitilira mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Katananha sod. Ndi osowa pachikhalidwe. Amasiyanasiyana gulu lowala masamba oyambira pansi. Kutalika kwa masamba sikudutsa masentimita 7. Leaflets ndi olimba, amawonjezedwa kumapeto. Zimayambira ndizifupi kwambiri (mpaka 15 cm), zokhala ndi korona ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu achikasu. Tchire tambiri tating'onoting'ono totere timapezeka m'miyala kapena m'miyala yochepa.
Mchenga wa Katananha wosinthidwa bwino ndi dothi lamchenga komanso chilala. Masamba ocheperako ndi masamba afupiafupi, ngati timitengo tautali, amapaka utoto wobiriwira komanso wachikaso. Zomwe zimakumbutsa zouma pamoto. Maluwa m'mimba mwake ndi 3-4 masentimita ndipo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuwala wachikaso, utoto wamchenga.
Njira zolerera
Katananche amafalitsidwa pogawa chitsamba kapena mbewu. Njira yoyamba siyofala makamaka, chifukwa imabweretsa zovuta zambiri. Ngati mukufunika kuthana ndi njirayi, ndiye kuti baka limakumbidwa pakati pa Meyi ndikugawika magawo atatu. Mphukira zatsopano zimakimbidwa m'nthaka, kuti zisawononge mizu. Ndikofunika kuyikira mtunda osachepera 30 cm kuti mubzale kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino.
Mbewu zimakhalabe zotheka kwa zaka 3 kuyambira tsiku losonkhanitsa. Zitha kufesedwa chifukwa cha mbande kapena nthawi yomweyo panthaka. Zimatengera pomwe maluwa ayamba. Mbewu za mbande zimapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito dothi labwino komanso kuwonjezera pamchenga ndi tsamba la humus. Zomera zazing'ono, mizu yake ndi yopyapyala komanso yosalala, kuti singawonongeke mukayikidwamo, imafesedwa nthawi yomweyo mumiphika. Mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimakulitsidwa osapitirira 1 cm, ndipo mphika umakutidwa ndi filimu mpaka mbande zitatuluka. Katanankhe amamera mkati mwa masabata 1-3. Mphukira zolimbikitsidwa zimatsegulidwa ndikuwonekera pawindo ladzuwa. Pang'onopang'ono muchepetse kutentha kwa mpweya kuti + 14 ... 15 ° C. M'mwezi wa Meyi, mbande zomwe zakula zimabzalidwa m'munda m'malo okhazikika. Pofuna kuti tisawononge nthambizo, kuikapo kamapangidwa ndi dongo lonse lapansi kuchokera mumphika.
M'mwezi wa Meyi, mbewu zimafesedwa mu Meyi nthawi yomweyo kupita kumalo okhazikika. Potentha, mu kasupe mutha kupeza zipatso zambiri pafupi ndi tchire lakale. Zomera izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbande. Ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu, maonekedwe a maluwa mchaka choyamba sichingachitike.
Malamulo Osamalira
Katananha amadziwika kuti ndi mbewu yabwino komanso yopanda tanthauzo. Amakonza nyemba zowonda kapena zamchenga loamy, zosalowerera kapena zamchere pang'ono. Imamverera bwino ngakhale pamagawo ochepa, koma imafunikira madzi. Ndikwabwino kupukuta nthaka kuposa kudzaza mizu, kotero kuthirira tchire kokha ndi nyengo yayitali.
Kuti mupeze maluwa ambiri, mbewuyo imabzalidwa mbali ya dzuwa kapena pang'ono. Katananha saopa mphepo zamphamvu kapena zozizira. Yake yopanda matsiyo imagwada pansi, koma kuchira msanga.
Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa ndi udzu pafupipafupi. Izi zimapereka mwayi wofikira kumizu. Chapakatikati, laimu iyenera kuwonjezeredwa pansi, njirayi imachitika chaka chilichonse. Chomera sichimafunikira kuvala pamwamba, ndikokwanira kuti mulch nthaka ndi masamba omwe agwa kapena kugulitsa feteleza wovuta 1-2 nthawi yamasamba.
Mabasiketi atazimiririka, mabokosi ambewu yokongoletsera amakhalabe, kotero kudulira nthawi yake masamba osafunikira sikofunikira. Koma pakugwa, gawo lonse lapansi limadulidwa.
Mtengowo umasinthidwa bwino kuti ukhale chisanu ndipo umatha kupirira kutentha kwakanthawi kotsikira mpaka -30 ° C. Komabe, nyengo yozizira yopanda chipale, ndikofunikira kuti muzitha masamba ndi masamba ndi masamba okugwa.
Ndi chinyezi choyenera komanso kusapezeka kwa chinyezi, tchire silili ndi vuto la majeremusi komanso suthana ndi matenda.
Kugwiritsa ntchito katananhe
Katananha amawoneka modabwitsa pamagulu ambiri obwera. Imakutidwa ndi maluwa okongola mitundu, omwe amagwirizana bwino muzipangidwe za mtundu uliwonse. Mitundu yamtunduwu ndi yoyenera kumera pamiyala yamiyala ndi pamiyala.
Maluwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakatikati pa kapangidwe kake, samatha kupanga mpanda kapena kukongoletsa malire chifukwa chakufalikira, mphukira. Chimawoneka bwino m'deralo ndi zomera zowala bwino.
Ma inflorescence pamitengo yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira maphokoso amoyo komanso owuma. Zolimbitsa zolimbitsa komanso zolimbikitsa zimapangidwabe kuchokera ku mapesi ndi masamba a katanankhe.
