Chithunzi ndi ndondomeko ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera: Western California Flower, anyezi, Fodya ndi ena

Mlimi aliyense amadziwa kuti posamalira zomera za mkati muyenera kusamala osati kuthirira komanso feteleza, komanso njira iliyonse yotetezera maluwa kuchokera ku tizirombo.

Imodzi mwa mitundu yowonongeka ya tizilombo timene timapanga ndipo ndizofunika kwambiri kuti tiyambe kuchitapo kanthu pa zizindikiro zoyamba za mawonekedwe ake.

Iwo ndi ndani?

Thrips ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso tizilombo tosaoneka mosavuta. Mitundu yoposa 2,000 ya tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timadziwika, ndipo ilipo pafupifupi 300 mwa dera lomwe kale linali USSR.

Thrips ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'onoting'onoting'ono ta imvi, pobowola kapena mtundu wakuda. Malingana ndi mtundu wawo, kukula kwake kungakhale kuchokera ku 0.5 mm mpaka 1.5 masentimita. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala za 2 mm kutalika. Iwo ali ndi miyendo yochepa, yofulumira, yomwe iliyonse imakhala ndi kukula kokhala ndi bulumu kumunsi. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kutumphuka.

Zimakhalanso ndi mapiko ndi nthiti zingapo zautali, m'mphepete mwake zomwe zimakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali. Pakati pa chitukuko, mitu yambiri imagonjetsa masitepe angapo, kuyambira dzira ndikutha ndi imago. Panthawi imeneyo, pamene mphutsi zimakhala mphutsi, zimakhala ndi mapiko, ndipo mtundu wawo ndi beige kapena imvi.

Mitundu ndi zithunzi zawo

Chifukwa cha tizilombo ting'onoang'ono, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kuti ndi mitundu yanji. Pakati pa thrips pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana yomwe ili yoopsa kwambiri kwa zomera zosiyanasiyana. Kutulutsa maluwa, zipatso ndi masamba, kumawononga zomera ndi zobisika zawondipo akhoza kuwapatsira iwo matenda osiyanasiyana ndi mavairasi.

Ambiri

Mitunduyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yambiri yomwe imatchedwa "wamba". Zimapezeka paliponse, ngakhale m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Ali ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wakuda-bulauni. Munthu wamkuluyo m'litali safikira 1 mm. Ili ndi mapiko a chikasu ndi mapiko a mdima, pa maziko ake omwe ali ndi mbali yopingasa yowala.

M'chaka, musapereke zoposa 2-3 mibadwo. Akazi amaika mazira m'maseŵera ndi mapesi a fodya. Zimapweteketsa kwambiri mbewu za mabulosi, udzu, mitengo ya zipatso, nyemba ndi tirigu. Amadyetsa osati inflorescences, komanso amawuluka m'mimba mwake. Pafupifupi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 500 ya zomera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimadyetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa.

Western California Zamaluwa

Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi mitundu ya zinyengo. Amagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi, koma makamaka ku North America. Ndi tizilombo tochepa, osapitirira 2 mm m'litali. Ili ndi mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira kapena wofiira.

Kapangidwe ka pakamwa pake ndiko mtundu woponya-kuyamwa. Mapiko oyambirira a tizilombo ameneŵa ali ndi pamwamba. Ndiponso Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala oteteza mankhwala.

Western California thrips maluwa imatengedwa kuti ndi yoopsa kwambiri tizirombo kwa zokongola, zamaluwa ndi masamba zomera zatsekedwa pansi.

Amadyetsa madzi a mbewu zomwe zimalima, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika kwa zipatso ndi kuphulika, kusintha kwa maluwa ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa zomera. Flower thrips amanyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda..

Tirigu

Nyama imeneyi ndi yofala kwambiri ku Russia. Kuphatikiza apo, ikuphatikizaponso madera a North America, Africa ndi Western Europe. Tirigu wambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera 1.5 kufika 2.3 mm.

Zipangizo zamakono, zomwe ndi mtundu wokoka, zimatsogoleredwa kumbuyo. Mapikowa ali ndi mapiko aatali, omwe amakhala ndi mbali yaitali ya cilia m'mphepete mwake. Cilia amakhalanso pamtunda wam'mbuyo wa zowonongedwa. Mtundu wa tizilomboti ukusiyana ndi wakuda ndi kubowola mpaka wakuda. Miyendo yam'mbuyo ndi tibia ya tirigu wa thonje ndi ya chikasu.

Mitundu iyi imawononga kwambiri zomera zotsatirazi:

• masika;
• balere;
• oats;
• chimanga;
• chithandizo;
• tirigu wam'tchire;
• chowuni;
• fodya;
• zilombo za herbaceous.

Kudya, kumawononga mafilimu a maluwa, mamba a chimanga ndi awns. Imayamitsanso madzi, omwe amachititsa kuti zomera zizikhala zosalala komanso zoyera.

Fodya

Kuyenda fodya kumafala kwambiri ku Australia, America, Asia ndi Africa. Lili ndi thupi lokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, omwe ali ndi magawo osiyana a mimba, chifuwa ndi mutu.

Mitundu imeneyi ndi yochepa, mosiyana ndi ena. Kutalika kwake kutalika ndi 1.5 mm. Zilumikizidwe ndi mapiko ndi zachikasu. Kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya thrips izo zimasiyana ndi kukhalapo kwasanamira kumbali iliyonse ya tergite ya gawo lachiwiri.

Nthawi zambiri fodya amayenda kuphulika, masamba ndi masamba a zomera kuchokera kwa mabanja otsatirawa:

1. ambulera;
2. chisokonezo;
3. Rosaceae;
4. mafuta;
5. liliaceae.

Koma kaŵirikaŵiri zimapweteka fodya mwa kuyamwa madzi kuchokera m'maselo a mitsempha yambiri. Ngati zowonongeka kwambiri, masamba a zomera amadzala ndi madontho achikasu ndi madontho wakuda, kenako amatembenukira bulauni ndi owuma.

Anyezi

Ndi wamba wodwala tizilombo. Ipezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Munthu wamkulu wa tizilomboti amatha kutalika kuchokera ku 0.8 mpaka 0.9 mm. Mankhwala a anyezi amakhala ndi thupi lochepa kwambiri la oblong, lopangidwa ndi utoto wofiirira kapena wobiriwira.

Mapiko a tizilomboti timapangidwa ndi mphonje. Kuwononga mbewu zotsatirazi:

• anyezi;
• nkhaka;
• adyo;
• mavwende;
• zamaluwa.

Zowononga kwambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi akazi ndi mphutsi. Amadyetsa selo la masamba, zomwe zimayambitsa mawanga owoneka bwino, omwe pamapeto pake amasanduka bulauni. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kumeneku, zomera zimachepetsanso kukula ndipo zokolola zimachepa.

Rose

Zomera za Rosan zikufala kwambiri ku USSR wakale. Lili ndi thupi lotsekemera, lomwe limakulira osaposa 1 mm m'litali. Kunja, si kosiyana kwambiri ndi raznoyadny thrips, kupatula kwa khalidwe bulauni mtundu.

Mitunduyi imadyetsa masamba ndi maluwa, omwe ali a banja la Rosaceae. Kuwathandiza kuyamwa kuchokera ku zomera, kumachititsa maonekedwe a bulauni pamasamba, kenako amatha. Amakhazikika mkati mwa masamba ndipo chifukwa chake ali ovuta kuwunikira.

Dratsenovy

Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka ku North America ndi Western Europe, koma imafalikiranso ku Russia. Thanzi la Dratsenovy liri ndi thupi laling'ono, lokhala ndi maola. Mu maonekedwe, ndi ofanana ndi rosy ndi raznoyadny thrips. Kusiyana kwake kwachikhalidwe ndi mtundu wachikasu-bulauni.

Nsonga za dracene ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa zomera zambiri zamkati, koma nthawi zambiri zimawononga zotsatirazi:

1. hibiscus;
2. dracaena;
3. ficus

Zili zovuta kuzizindikira ndipo zimagawidwa m'madera ozungulira, makamaka kumpoto.

Kukongoletsera

Ichi ndi tizilombo toopsa kwambiri. Chofala kwambiri kumpoto ndi m'dera lozungulira la Europe ndi Asia. Iye, monga oimira ena a thrips, ali ndi thupi lopangidwa kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 2 mm.

Amatha kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri. Komanso, zikuwoneka kuti ndi mapiko akuda, m'munsi ndi malingaliro omwe mungathe kuona mawanga owala. Zokongoletsera zokongola zimakhala zoopsa kwa zomera zambiri zamkati.

Zotsatirazi zimakhudzidwa makamaka ndi izi:

• orchid (momwe mungagwirire ndi thrips pa orchid, werengani apa);
• mtengo wamtengo;
• mitengo ya kanjedza.

Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'maluwa. Ngati chomeracho sichikhala ndi maluwa, ndiye kuti amamatira pamapepala apansi.

Kutsiliza

Thrips ikhoza kuvulaza kwambiri zomera. Ndicho chifukwa chake alimi onse ali ofunika kwambiri kuti athe kuzindikira ndi kusiyanitsa mitundu yawo. Chidziwitso chimenechi chidzatha kuthana ndi tizilombo ndikusunga zomera.