Anthu akhala akudziŵa momwe nkhuku zakhalira komanso kuti zisamalire bwanji. Zomwe zimachitikira anthu zimachulukitsa chiwerengero cha mbalame pa minda ya nkhuku, m'nyumba zapakhomo komanso nyumba zina.
Masiku ano, kutengeka kwa atsekwe kumazindikiritsidwa ngati ntchito yovuta kwambiri, yomwe siyense angathe kuidziwa. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za kugwidwa kwa mazira a kunyumba.
Ndi chiyani?
Kuphatikizidwa kumatanthawuza njira ya chilengedwe ya chitukuko cha nyama zomwe zimayika mazira. Izi zimaphatikizapo mbalame, abuluzi, amphibiyani, zokwawa, nyongolotsi. Zitha kuchitika pa kutentha kapena nyengo.
Mawu ochepa okhudza mazira a tsekwe. Katunduyu ali ndi kuchuluka kwa zakudya. Lili ndi mavitamini a gulu B, komanso A, D, E, K. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mazira otere kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya ubongo ndi njira zamagetsi. Zinthu zenizeni zomwe zimapezeka m'mazira zimatsuka bwino thupi la poizoni ndi kuthandiza kuchepetsa mafuta pamakoma a mitsempha. Zimalimbikitsanso kukumbukira ndi masomphenya.
Pakati pa mimba, nkofunika kufotokoza mazira otero m'madyerero a mkazi, chifukwa amathandizira kuti chitukuko cha mwana chikhale chonchi.
The yolk ili ndi lute, wodziwika ngati wamphamvu antioxidant. Amalola maselo aumunthu kubwezeretsa bwino ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri ukalamba.
Malangizo opangira mazira a tsekwe kunyumba
Kusankha ndi kusungirako
Mazira ogwiritsidwa ntchito, kusungidwa pamalo ozizira ndi owuma. Kutentha kumayenera kukhala mkati mwa madigiri 8-12, ndipo msinkhu wa chinyezi mu 75-70%. Kuwasunga iwo atayima pamalo osakanikirana, nthawi ndi nthawi kutembenukira. Salafu yamoyo wa mazira a chiwindi pambuyo powononga sikudutsa masiku 15. Mukhoza kudziwa mosavuta kuti mankhwalawa atsopano. Matte pamwamba amasonyeza kukhalapo kwa filimu yapadera yotetezera.
Icho chimatetezanso kachilombo kameneko. Pakuti mazira osankhidwa amagwiritsa ntchito ovoskop. Pamene mutagona mu chofungatira, nkofunika kuti muwerenge chinthu chilichonse. Zomwe mpweya wa mlengalenga uli pamapeto omveka bwino, sali woyenera makulitsidwe. Makhalidwe opangira makinawa amadalira kudyetsa mbalame. Ngati adadyetsa chakudya chamtengo wapatali, ndiye kuti chiberekerocho chingakhale chokwera pamwamba.
Disinfection
Mu thanki yosambitsa mazira kutsanulira madzi otentha, omwe ali ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 30. Ngati ili lochepetseka, likhoza kuwonetsa kuti mazira adzakhala skukozhatsya.
Mu madzi ofunda, mukhoza kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganatendikuyika mazira mu njirayi. Ayenera kusunga kuposa mphindi zisanu. Panthawiyi, mukhoza kupha tizilombo totere pamwamba pake. Choyera choyenera chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa nsalu yofewa ndipo chiloledwa kuti chiume.
Kusamba kapena kusamba?
Kuyeretsa mazira ndiyomwe ayenera kutsogolo atagona mu chofungatira. Mungagwiritse ntchito mpweya wa formaldehyde kapena potassium permanganate.
Kukula kwa mimba
Pa nthawi yonse yopulumukira, kamwana kameneka kamadutsamo masitepe angapo.:
- Gawo loyamba limatenga kuyambira 1 mpaka 7 tsiku. Panthawiyi, mapangidwe a ziwalo amapezeka, mtima umayamba kugunda ndi kupuma kumawonjezeka.
- Kuyambira pa 8 mpaka 18 - siteji yachiwiri. Pa nthawi imeneyi mafupa amapangidwa.
- Kuyambira tsiku la 18 - siteji yachitatu.
- Gawo lachinai 28-30 tsiku, kutanthauza - kuchotsedwa kwa ana.
Malamulo ndi kutentha nyengo
Nthawi yosakaniza mazira a mazira ndi masiku 30.
Pogwiritsa ntchito makulitsidwe a jekeseni mazira mu chithovu chowombera: chiyenera kukhala mkangano mpaka madigiri 38. Ndikofunika kutsegula zotseguka kuti mupange kutentha kwabwino. Kuchokera pa tsiku la 20 dzira limayamba kutulutsa kutentha, kotero kutentha kumatsika. Mazira ali pakati, akusunthira pamakona. Mankhwala osakaniza omwe amawotcha mazira a mazira amaikidwa pa digiri 38 digiri (momwe mungapangire chowotcha nokha, chofotokozedwa apa).
Tchati ndi ndondomeko ya zizindikiro ndi kutentha mu incubator
Kuchokera pa tebulo mudzapeza kuti mazira angati omwe ali mu chofungatira.
| Nthawi | Chinyezi | Kutentha |
| 1-2 tsiku | 70% | 38 |
| Tsiku la 2-4 | Kupopera mbewu + ulimi wothirira | 38 |
| 5-10 tsiku | Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi | 37 |
| Masiku 10-27 | Kuthamanga | 37 |
| Asanayambe kugwira ntchito | Kuphwanya | 37 |
| Gawo lomaliza | 90% | 37 |
Kuika mazira a mazira mu chofungatira kumachitika mosamalitsa malinga ndi malamulo. Mazira akuluakulu amaikidwa bwino pamtunda - kotero iwo adzasunga kutentha ndi kutentha kwa boma. Kuwotcha mazira bwino, amafunika kutembenuzidwa. Pangani chizindikiro kuti musasokonezeke.
- indoutok;
- zinziri;
- foni;
- turkeys;
- abakha;
- nthiwatiwa;
- mapiko;
- pheasants;
- musk bakha.
Kutuluka
Choyesa choyamba chikuchitika patatha masiku 9. Ndi bwino kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo, mukhoza kuwona kayendedwe kake, koma kamwana kake kamene sikadzawoneke. Nthawi zambiri zimamira mkatikati mwa yolk. Ngati boma lakutentha lathyoledwa, ndiye panthawi ya kusintha kwake, padzakhala chitsimikizo chokwanira pa chitukuko - dongosolo lozungulira lidzakhala lotsika, losasinthika.
Pakayamba koyambirira, mazira onse omwe ali ndi mazira akufa ayenera kuchotsedwa ku chofungatira. Mafilimu omwe amachititsa kuti awonongeke, amavomeretsa bwino momwe malowa alili, momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso mtundu wa mpweya umene uli nawo. Ngati ma membrane ang'onoang'ono asagwedezeke, ndipo chikhalidwe cha mapuloteni ndi yolk ndi chachilendo, izi zidzakamba za kukula kwa ntchentche.
Zolakwitsa zotheka ndi momwe mungapewere izo
Alimi omwe alibe chidziwitso chochuluka ndi chidziwitso akhoza kulakwitsa pamene akuswana atsekwe. Ndikofunika kutsatira mosamala malamulowa kuti mupewe zotsatira zake zoipa:
- Kutentha kwa madontho. Ngati boma lakutentha limasintha kwambiri, izi zidzatentha kwambiri kapena kuledzera. Mazira a mazira a phokoso panthawi yopuma, komanso kutenthedwa, amachititsa imfa ya mazira. Muyenera kugula jenereta ngati pali ngozi yotseka kuwala kwa nthawi yaitali.
- Makhalidwe abwino a chinyezi. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi mkati mwa jekeseni wa jekeseni ndizomwe zimayambira. Onetsetsani kuti mukukweza kapena kuchepetsa nthawiyo.
- Kulamulira kwambiri njira iliyonse. Mfundo yakuti muyenera kuyang'ana mazira sizinsinsi. Ndikofunika kuwamirira ndi kuwatsitsa, komabe, kutsegula kwa zipangizo zingapangitse kulephera mu ulamuliro wa kutentha, ndipo zotsatira za zochita zotero zingakhale imfa ya munthu aliyense.
- Kusunga kosayenera. Ambiri a alimi a novice amazoloŵera kuchotsa kuwala kapena kupanga kuwala kochepa. Apa nkofunika kuti musapitirire kutero, chifukwa zonsezi zingayambitse mazira. Palibe chifukwa choti muzimitsa kuwala kapena kusintha mawonekedwe.
- Oyambirira kuswana. Pamene goslings imathamanga, awapatseni nthawi yokhala mu chofungatira mpaka itakhala yowuma. Ngati muwaika muwowonjezera, akhoza kuwombera komanso kufa.
Njira yoyamba pambuyo pochotsedwa
Nkhuku zamoyozi zimadalira mgwirizano. Muyenera kupereka madzi ambirimbiri. Komanso musaiwale za kusintha kosatha kwa zinyalala. Makanda obadwa kumene ayenera kukula mu malo abwino komanso abwino. Kuchokera panthawi ya moyo wodziimira kumayamba kudyetsa anthu. Mu sabata yoyamba muyenera kupereka chakudya 6 pa tsiku.
Ndizofunika kwambiri kumbewu, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera iwo amadyera, akanadulidwa mazira, clover, nsalu. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zowirira komanso zopanda phokoso - ndime zamphongo za nyama zazing'ono siziyenera kutsekedwa.
Kutsiliza
Monga mukuonera Zidzakhala zovuta, kuleza mtima komanso nthawi yokula atsekwe. Tikayika zofunikira zonse za makulitsidwe, koma sitiyenera kuiwala kuti akhoza kusiyana, poganizira mtundu wa atsekwe.
Potsatira ndondomeko iyi, mudzakhala ndi ana abwinobwino ogulitsa kapena nokha. Aliyense ali ndi zolinga zake zokha zoti achite.
