Laurel - zimadalira chomera, chomwe chinapangidwa mu nthawi yapamwamba - ndipo, mwachiwonekere, wamkulu kwambiri kuposa umunthu.
Nthano zowzungulira chitsamba ichi, kuti zifanane ndi kale lomwelo: izi ndizofunika kuti apange korona opambana ndi umunthu wina wotchuka (motero liwu lakuti "laureate"), izi ndi "Fuse" kuchokera ku mkwiyo wa Zeus - kugunda kwa mphezi, ndi woyang'anira wamuyaya wazitsulo zonse za Apollo.
Zikhulupiriro zachikale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nthano izi osati mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa chodziwika bwino m'chilengedwe chimagawidwa m'magawo a zitukuko zakalekale - ku Mediterranean. Amakula m'dera la Krasnodar.
Komabe, laurel - chomera chodzichepetsa chikhalidwe chosamvetsetseka chipinda, komanso zomwe zili m'munda wa m'munda - m'madera omwe nyengo yozizira imasiyana mozungulira zero.
Momwe mungamere mtengo wa laurel, chomera kubereka, kusamalira kunyumba kwa ochizira, matenda ndi zithunzi - zonsezi osati kuwerenga kokha m'nkhani yathu.
Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kumunda
Kusamalira chisamaliro cha mtengo wa laurel m'nyumba ndi kumunda ndikofunikira kusunga mfundo zina. Talingalirani iwo mwatsatanetsatane.
Kuunikira
Laurel - chomera ndi cholimba; likhoza kukula ndi kuwala kochepa, koma koposa zonsezi zidzakula - ndipo, zowonjezereka, zidzakhazikika - zowala, zosiyana, zowala. Iyenera kutetezedwa ku miyeso yambiri ya dzuwa.
Kutentha
Musanayambe kukulira panyumba, muyenera kudziwa kuti nyengo yabwino yotentha yotentha ndi yotentha kuyambira madigiri 18 mpaka 20 ndi nyengo yozizira - kuchokera madigiri 10 mpaka 15.
Nkhanzazi zimakhala bwino kwambiri - pabwalo, m'bwalo kapena m'dzikolo, kuphatikizapo chaka chonse - ngati nyengo yachisanu imakhala pa 5-6.
ZOCHITA: Zero kutentha kwa malo kale, ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa -10-12 ° C laurel akhoza kupirira kanthawi kochepa chabe.
Ground
Pofuna kulima chimbudzi kunyumba ndi kumunda, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka - iyi ndi munda wamba, dothi lonse ku sitolo kapena zosakaniza zowonjezera zosakaniza, wophika podzigwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa maphikidwe otsatirawa:
- gawo limodzi la pepala, mofanana ndi nthaka ya sod ndi humus ndi kuwonjezera magawo awiri a mchenga wa mtsinje;
- magawo awiri a nthaka ya sod ndi tsamba limodzi - tsamba, humus, peat ndi mchenga ndi kuwonjezera phulusa pang'onopang'ono.
Kuthirira
Chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka mu kasupe ndi chilimwe.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Panthawi imodzimodziyo sikutheka kuti pakhale chinyezi m'nthaka: madzi othamanga atatha kuthirira mu poto ayenera kuthiridwa mwamsanga.
Madzi a kuthirira amatengedwa mofewa, osati ozizira - mabomba abwino kapena madzi amvula.
Ndi kuzizira kozizira, komwe kumadzetsa phindu lalikulu, kuthirira kumakhala koyenera - kamodzi pa sabata kapena zochepetsera kuti nthaka isayambe. Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yofunda, madzi nthawi zambiri ndipo nthawi zonse ayenera kutonthoza mpweya.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: Kutentha kwa mpweya m'nyengo yozizira kuyenera kukhala kokwanira, ndipo m'chilimwe - kuwonjezeka. Izi ndizofunikira kuti pakhale kulimbikitsana kwabwino.
Pamene kusamalira chipinda cha laurel chiyenera Chitani madzi opopera nthawi zonse. Mukhozanso kuyika chomeracho mumphuno ndi miyala yowonongeka, yomwe ili pafupi ndi ziwiya zazikulu ndi madzi.
ZOCHITA: Komabe, mpweya umayenera kukhala watsopano. Pakhomo, mtengo wa laurel uyenera kukhala pamalo opuma mpweya wabwino.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mu nyengo yachisanu-chirimwe ya nyengo yogwira mwakhama kawiri pa sabata. chomeracho chimathandizidwa ndi feteleza ovuta, kusinthana ndi mchere ndi mankhwala.
M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri mavalidwe amachepetsedwa mwezi uliwonse kapena ngakhale zochepa. Zimadalira boma la matenthedwe, lomwe liri ndi laurel: ndizizizira, mufunika kuthira manyowa pang'ono.
Kukula ndi pachimake
M'chikhalidwe cha chipinda, zomera zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 15, m'derali, pamalo omwewo - mpaka zaka 60. Chitsamba imatha kukula mpaka mamita 10-15 mu msinkhu. Laurel kunyumba ndi yokwanira 1.5-2 mamita ndi kukonza.
Maluwa achikasu akuphuka kumayambiriro kwa masika, mu March-April, ndipo pa zomera zina zimangoyambitsa staminate, ena amangokhala pistillate okha. Pamene mukukula imafalikira mu chipinda - chosowa. Pambuyo pa zipatso zokometsera mungu - buluu zipatso.
Kudulira
Pamene mukusamalira mtengo wa laurel kunyumba - chitsamba amayankha bwino kudulira, kupanga korona wokongola: chozungulira, cubic, pyramidal.
Kudula mitengo ya Laurel kumachitika kuyambira kuyambira zaka zisanu.
Pali mawu awiri a opaleshoniyi: kutha kwa chilimwe (August) mwamsanga pomaliza nyengo yowonjezera komanso kumapeto kwa autumn (October-November), pakusintha kupita kudziko la mpumulo.
Poyera, nthambi zowonongeka zimadulidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Tikufika
Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino? Poyankha funsoli, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti mukamabzala pakhomo pakhomo, chidebe chokhala ndi chitsime chokakamiza chiyenera kukhala ndi miyezo yofanana ndi kukula kwa mbande: kukula kwa mphika pamtunda wozungulira pamtunda kuchokera kotala kufika pa theka la kukula kwake kwa chomera.
Musanabzala laurel, chimbudzi chimayikidwa pansi pa chidebe (chowonjezera dongo, miyala yaing'ono, njerwa).
Kenaka tsanulirani pang'ono za nthaka yokonzeka pamwamba pake - mizu ndi opulumutsidwa, ngati n'kotheka nsalu ya earthy. Kutsirizitsa nthaka kusakaniza kwa mlingo womwe ukufunidwa, mwapang'onopang'ono mwapang'onopang'ono.
Kuwaza
Achinyamata, zaka zisanu zoyambirira za moyo, zomera zimapachikidwa, monga lamulo, chaka chilichonse, akuluakulu - zaka 2-3, ndipo ngakhale pang'ono.
ZOCHITIKA! Njira yosamalirako iyenera kukhala yosinthika, momwe chipinda chadothi chimakhala chosungira, ndipo poto yatsopano si yaikulu, 2-4 masentimita, yaikulu kuposa yakaleyo.
Kumvetsera kwanu m'nyumbamo ndi chithunzi chake:
Mukhozanso kuona vidiyoyi momwe mungasamalire kunyumba kwanu:
Kuswana
Kubereka kwa laurel ndi kotheka ndi mbewu, komanso vegetatively ndi cuttings ndi layering.
Mbewu kunyumba
ZOCHITIKA! Pamene mukukula mchere wochokera ku mbewu, pali mavuto awiri akuluakulu: mbewu za laurel mwamsanga, mu miyezi 3-5, zimatayika kwambiri kumera ndipo chifukwa cha mafuta ambiri, pang'onopang'ono, mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, zimera.
Choncho, mbeu iyenera kukhala yatsopano, ndipo kuti muwone mbewu zowonongeka, pirira. Laurel afesedwa mu Januwale-February. Kufulumira kumera Mbeuzo zimachiritsidwa ndi kukula stimulator yankho, ndiyeno anabzala mozama masentimita 1-1.5 mu dothi lonyowa.
Phimbani ndi filimu ya pulasitiki, yomwe ili ndi madigiri 18, nthawi zonse mpweya ndikusunga chinyontho cha substrate.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Amayang'anitsitsa kuoneka kwa nkhungu pambewu, sabata iliyonse poyang'anira matenda awo. Pa chovala choyera, chotsani ndi kusamba mbewu muzowonjezera potassium permanganate.
Mbewu ikangoyamba, mbeu ya chipolopolo imagwedezeka ndipo kenako imatha kukhala pansi, kuyika pansi pamtunda wa masentimita asanu, - koma mbande ziyenera kuyembekezera mwezi umodzi.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: masamba a laurel ayenera kutetezedwa ku kutentha ndi dzuwa lopitirira.
Kumalo otseguka
Kuphuka kwa zipatso za mphalapala kumagwa mu October-November. Atatha kukolola, mbewu zimamasulidwa ndipo zimabalalika m'dera lonse, mozama pafupifupi masentimita asanu Akuwombera kawirikawiri zimawonekera kuyambira kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu kutentha kwa + 20-22 ºї.
Mukamabzala mbewu zam'mimba, mbande zimapangidwira mtunda wa masentimita 5-8 pakati pa zomera. Nthawi zina pamakhala mphukira za January, zomwe zimafa kwambiri.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Nthawi yabwino yokolola ndi rooting ya laurel cuttings m'chipinda chikhalidwe ndi March-April kapena June-July;
ZOCHITA: kumalo otseguka, kusonkhanitsa kumachitika mu June-July.
Dulani ndi atatu internodes (kawirikawiri kutalika kwake ndi 6-8 masentimita) amadulidwa pakati ndi m'munsi mwa nthiti za masamba.
Tsamba lakutsitsa likuchotsedwa, Zonsezo zimfupikitsidwa ndi theka ndi kutumizidwa okonzeka cuttings kwa rooting.
Pa madigiri 16-20, amaikidwa ndi masentimita 1-1.5 mu mchenga wothira. Phimbani ndi kukulunga pulasitiki, mpweya, spray.
Mizu yozulidwa mizu imayamba kukula, monga lamulo, mwezi umodzi ndipo, pamene imakula mpaka 2-3 masentimita, imabzalidwa m'magawo osiyana.
Kumvetsera kwanu pa kanema pa kubwezeretsanso kwa cuttings kunyumba.
Kubalanso poyika
Monga lamulo laurel amapereka njira zothandizira ndi mizu yocheperapo kwambiri, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi kukhala pansi. Malo ovulala owazidwa ndi makala ophwanyika.
Choncho, pamene mukukula laurel Mungathe kuganizira pa kalendala yotsatirayi:
Kumalo otseguka
Spring
March-April - kudulira zowonongeka: kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka. Rooting cuttings ozizira wowonjezera kutentha.
Kupaka pamwamba
Chilimwe
Nthawi yonseyi ndi kumera kwa mbewu zofesedwa m'dzinja. Kudyetsa nthawi zonse
June-July - kubereka ndi zipatso
August - Kupanga Kukonzekera
Kutha
October-November: kudulira, kukolola zipangizo zamatabwa, kusonkhanitsa zipatso, kubzala mbewu
Kunyumba
Spring
March - kufesa mbewu.
March-April - kubereka ndi cuttings, kulekanitsa njira zowonongeka.
Kupaka pamwamba
Chilimwe
Nthawi yonseyi ndi kumera kwa mbeu zofesedwa mu February-April. Kudyetsa nthawi zonse.
June-July - kubereka ndi zipatso
August - Kupanga Kukonzekera
Kutha
October-November: kudulira, kukolola masamba obiriwira. Kudyetsa kawirikawiri.
Zima
February - kufesa mbewu
Zizindikiro za vuto
Masamba amatembenukira chikasu, kupiringa ndi kugwa - kusakwanira kwa mpweya. Kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse kumafunika kukhazikitsidwa.
Mbali yakunja ya masamba ili ndi mabala ofiira - Kutentha kwambiri kwa nthaka, makamaka kuphatikizapo kutentha kwa mpweya ndi / kapena madzi okwanira. Muyenera kukwanitsa kuthirira.
Chifukwa chiyani masamba amasanduka wakuda?
Masambawa ali ndi mababu akuda, omwe amachotsedwa mosavuta kuchokera pamwamba pa tsamba lasupa - sowa bowa, kuthetsa kumene kuli zitsanzo za tizilombo toononga tizilombo: flaky kapena mealybugs. Choyamba, chotsani tizirombo, ndiye tachotsani chikwangwani. Ngati zowonongeka kwambiri, chotsani masamba okhudzidwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Chomera choyenera, chokonzedwa bwino sichitha kutenga matenda ndi kuwononga tizirombo. Ndi chisamaliro chosayenera cha nyumba panyumba za amonke kangaude, scythe, mealybug ikhoza kuwonekera. Izi zikutheka makamaka kuti sizingakwanitse kutentha kwa mpweya.
Monga chiyeso choyamba, malo okhudzidwa amachiritsidwa ndi madzi sopo, ndipo njira zodalirika zowononga tizilombo tizilombo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zothandiza
Kununkhira ndi kukwiya kokondweretsa kumene kumakhala ndi laurel, kumapangitsa masamba ake kukhala zonunkhira kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa njala ndi kulimbikitsa chimbudzi.
Zofunikira Bay mafuta ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Monga njira yothetsera mavuto opweteka m'matumbo, kutupa kwa tsamba lopuma, ndikokwanira kungokula bwino m'chipinda ndikupaka fungo labwino.
Kupititsa patsogolo fungo la zomera kawiri pa sabata, mukhoza kuthira aspirin yankho (5g pa lita imodzi ya madzi) kapena shuga (1 ml pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi). Konzani komanso machiritso a machiritso ndi masamba a masamba.
Ntchito
Kuchokera pa chipatsocho kumachotsa mafuta odzola mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ndi makandulo. Komanso, izo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mankhwala. Zipatso za Laurel zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zonunkhira.
Mwaphunzira kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wa laurel, kuusamalira panja ndi panyumba, momwe mungamere mphalala kuchokera ku mbewu, ndi kuti pokhala ndi mtengo wanu wokhazikika ndi masamba okonzeka, mungathe kunena kuti kutentha, kupuma kwa chaka chonse mpweya wodzaza ndi phytoncides opambana pamtengo.
