Mitengo ya mphesa yokhudzana ndi mchere, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zipatso zobiriwira. Kupatulapo ndi Muscat Hamburg.
Zipatso zake ndizojambula mu utoto wobiriwira, wokhala wofiira kapena wofiirira. Ili ndi mbali ina imodzi. Siziri za mtundu uliwonse wazinthu zamakono kapena zamakono. Pozindikira kuti zipatso za Muscat wa Hamburg ndizofunika kwambiri pokonzekera vinyo komanso potumikira patebulo, mphesa izi zimatchedwa chilengedwe chonse.
Alexander, Krasa Balka ndi Druzhba amakhalanso ndi mitundu yonse.
Mbiri yopondereza
Zosiyanasiyana zinawonekera m'mabwato a Victorian England ndipo poyamba anafotokozedwa mu 1858. Seward Snow, woyang'anira minda kuchokera ku malo a Earl Gray, adanena kuti Muscat wa Hamburg adachokera ku Hamburg wakuda mphesa zakuda (dzina loyamba la Schiav Gross) ndi White Alexandria Muscat. Kufufuza kwa DNA komwe kunachitika mu 2003 kunatsimikizira izi.
Kumadzulo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imadziwika bwino ndi dzina la Black Muscat, ngakhale kuti ili ndi zizindikiro khumi ndi ziwiri kapena ziwiri. Ku USA amatchedwa Golden Hamburg, ku France - Muscat de Hamburg. M'mayiko omwe kale anali USSR, kuphatikizapo dzina lakuti Muscat wa Hamburg, pamodzi ndi mawu a Chimereka ndi Achifalansa, dzina lakuti Muscat ndi wakuda Alexandrian.
Description zosiyanasiyana Muscat Hamburg
Chitsamba cha mphesa chiri cha kutalika kwapakati. Kulima pa dothi lachonde kwambiri kumathandiza kuti chitukuko cha mpesa chikhale ndi msinkhu wa pamwamba.
Mitundu yapakati ndi Dasha, Ladanny ndi Kishmish Jupiter.
Mlingo wa kusasitsa kwa mphukira si woipa, koma chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kutentha komanso nyengo ya chinyezi chimakhala choipitsa.
Young mpesa - kuwala pinki mtundu ndi wandiweyani pubescence. Zimatuluka zimayambira - bulauni, ndi zizindikiro zofiira.
Mlingo wa leafiness umapitirira mkulu.
Ukulu wa masamba ndizopakati kapena zazikulu. Fomu-zisanu-lobed, yoboola mtima. Pali chowopsya chachikulu pamphepete mwa pepala.
Chipinda cha m'munsi mwa masambawa chimakhala chochuluka, pamwambapa - chosadziwika.
Tsambalo ndilopaka utoto wobiriwira, wokhala ndi ubweya wofiira kuzungulira mano. Nthawi zina pamamasamba pali mabala a brownish.
Maluwa a mphesa ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, koma mlingo wa pollination ndi wochepa.
Count Count Monte Cristo, Malbec ndi Black Crow amakhalanso ndi maluwa okwatirana.
Makhalidwe a zipatso:
Kukhalapo kwa fungo lapadera, kukumbukira musk - chinthu chosiyana cha mitundu yokhudzana ndi zakudya. Chifukwa cha ichi, Muscat wa Hamburg akuonedwa kuti ndiyomwe, chizindikiro ichi chikufotokozedwa mwamphamvu kwambiri. Pakuti zipatso zamitundu mitundu:
- Masango a usinkhu wofiira, sakhala oposa kutalika kwa 18-19 cm;
- nthambi zamphongo ndi zophiko zamagazi ndi mwendo wawung'ono (pafupifupi masentimita 5);
- magulu aang'ono (kuyambira 160 mpaka 270 g);
- kukula kwa zipatso zimasiyana kwambiri, ndi zazikulu zazing'ono, mpaka 25-26 masentimita yaitali;
- mawonekedwe a mabulosi ndi ozungulira kapena ovunda pang'ono, mtunduwo ndi violet, wokhala ndi sera ya blue;
- Zipatso zimakhala ndi mbewu zochepa, kawirikawiri zopitirira 2-3 zidutswa;
- yowutsa mudyo komanso minofu yophika ndi khungu lofiirira.
Chithunzi
Photo grape "Muscat Hamburg":
Zabwino ndi zowawa za mphesa
"Cons" Pa zolephera za zosiyanasiyana pali fragility yowonjezereka ya chigwacho, chizoloŵezi cha zipatso kugwa ndi mtola, zosavuta zokolola.
"Zochita" Ubwino wofunikira ndi kuyenda bwino ndi chitetezo, kukoma kwamtengo wapatali ndi zamzitini.
Kukoma kwakukulu kungadzitamande ndi Russian Early, Victoria, Tukay.
Malangizo oti akule
Kutsika kovuta kulekerera nyengo yozizira sikumalola Muscat Hamburg kumadera ndi frosty nyengo.
Kutentha kochepa komwe mphesa zingakhoze kupirira - madigiri 19. Zosiyanasiyana zimayenda bwino pamtunda wa kum'mwera ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo, kumakonda kuwala kofiira kapena mchenga, ndipo imatha kukhala ndi dothi lachinyontho.
Mtunda pakati pa mizera ya mpesa ndi makamaka mamita 2.3. Mu mzere wa tchire muli mtunda wa mita imodzi ndi theka kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Chotsatira chachikulu ndi mapangidwe a mpesa pa mapewa awiri a mtundu wa cordon: kutalika kwa thunthu ndi mamita 1.2.
Ovomerezeka ndi fani la bezshtambovoe kulima zosiyanasiyana. Mtengo wotsimikiziridwa ku chitsamba - osapitirira 20 mphukira, zomwe kuchokera pa theka kufika pa 3/4 zidzabala zipatso. Kudulidwa kumathamanga pang'onopang'ono, kuganizira momwe angapulumutsidwe pambuyo pa overwintering.
Malingana ndi kutalika kwa nyengo yokula (pafupi masiku 150), mphesa zimasankhidwa ngati mitundu yakumapeto-yochedwa. Kukolola kokolola kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la September.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Muscat Hamburg wosakhazikika ku matenda akulu a mpesa. Zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mildew ndi oidium, yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri.
Chotsatira chake, mankhwala ochiritsira ambiri odwala matendawa amafunika nthawi yake. Amatchedwanso kutsekeka kwa khansa ya bakiteriya ndi phylloxera.
Mavuto pakukulitsa izi zosiyanasiyana kusiyana ndi kugwirizana ndi malonda ake ogulitsa kwambiri. Alibenso wofanana pakati pa mitundu yamakono.
Ngakhale kuwonjezerapo kwa mphesayi ku mitundu yochepa ya mtengo wapatali kumapangitsa kuti mupeze vinyo wapamwamba kwambiri. Mbali za mphesa monga tebulo zosiyanasiyana zinamuthandiza kukhala ndi utsogoleri mu gawo ili.
