Muraiya: Malangizo posamalira mtengo wokongola pawindo

Muraiya sikuti amangokhala zokongoletsera zochititsa chidwi zamkati, komanso chomera chothandiza kwambiri. Wofesa mbewu aliyense atha kubzala mtengo wachilendowu, maluwa ambiri ndi zipatso kunyumba. Kusamalira kunyumba sikovuta. "Bonasi" yowonjezerapo ndi fungo labwino kwambiri wamaluwa ndi zipatso zomwe zimadzaza m'chipindacho panthawi ya maluwa a murraya.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ena a murraya

Murraya (nthawi zina spelling "Muraya" amapezeka) ndi mtundu wokhazikika wazaka zonse zamtundu wa Rutaceae. Pakadali pano, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, alipo kuchokera pa 8 mpaka 12 mwa oimira ake. Zomera zimawoneka ngati zitsamba kapena mitengo yaying'ono yabwino.

Popeza Murraya adatchulidwa dzina la m'modzi mwa ophunzira wa wasayansi wotchuka waku Sweden komanso wasayansi yodziwika bwino ku Karl Linnaeus, a Juhan Andreas Murray, kungakhale kolondola kwambiri kumutcha kuti Murray kuchokera ku malingaliro a etymology. Koma pazifukwa zina njirayi sinalandiridwe, kaya m'mabuku aukadaulo kapena m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Johan Andreas Murray, mwaulemu pomwe adalandira dzina la Murraya - m'modzi mwa ophunzira otchuka a Carl Linnaeus

Murraya amapezeka zachilengedwe ku India, Southeast Asia, kuzilumba zolumikizana ndi kontrakitalayi ndi Australia. Mtengowu umafika kutalika kwa 2-5 m, kunyumba - 0,8-1,5 m.

Mwachilengedwe, murraya ndi shrub kapena mtengo wabwino.

Murraya amakongoletsa kwambiri mwanjira iliyonse. Mphukira zokongola ndi zonona zotsekemera ndi tsitsi loonda lofiirira, ndi masamba obiriwira okhathamira, ndi maluwa oyera oundana omwe amafalitsa fungo labwino, ndi zipatso zakuda kwambiri, ndikusiyana bwino ndi masamba. Ndipo zonsezi zimawonedwa nthawi imodzi. Murraya imapanga masamba pafupifupi osayima, maluwa amatulutsa ndi kugwera, zipatso zimacha.

Pa mtengo wa Murraya, masamba, maluwa ndi zipatso zimatha kuwonedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Masamba a Murraya ndi ovuta, omwe amapangidwa ndi magawo a 5-7 lanceolate kapena ellipsoidal. Botanists amatcha mtundu uwu wa pinnate wosatupa. M'mbali mwa pepalali.

Masamba a Murraya okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, botanists amachitcha kuti pini

Zipatso za Murraya ndizabwino kwambiri. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tonic zimakhala zofanana ndi zipatso za ku China Schisandra. Kukoma kwa mankhwalawa ndikosangalatsa, kokoma komanso wowawasa. Zipatso zimalimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, zimakhala ndi phindu pa mtima ndi ubongo, zimatenga nthawi yayitali, ndizothandiza kwambiri, zimawonjezera mphamvu ndikuthandizira kumasula malo obisika a thupi. Mwasayansi kutsimikizira zotsatira zawo zabwino pamaso pa matenda a mtima, matenda oopsa, kulephera kwa mtima. Koma osazigwiritsa ntchito molakwika - ingodya zipatso zamtundu wa 3-5 patsiku.

Chipatso cha Murraya - tonic wogwira ntchito komanso wobwezeretsa

Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zofala, a Murraya okha, omwe amakula palokha komanso mwachikondi, omwe ali ndi katundu wochiritsa.

Anthu adziwa zabwino za zipatso za Murray kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Amasungidwa mwachinsinsi kwambiri ndi olamulira aku Japan. Malinga ndi nthano, m'modzi mwa iwo, atagona pamanda pake, mtengo, womwe udayimilira pafupi ndi iwo, udangothandiza osati kuchira, komanso kupeza wolowa m'malo ali wokalamba kwambiri. Murraya sanapangidwe kuti amangokhala anthu wamba - kukhalapo kwake m'munda wachinsinsi kumatanthauza kuphedwa. Ngakhale wolima Edo Famaguchi, yemwe adapanga zaluso za ikebana, sanathawe izi.

Murraya amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Japan kupanga bonsai

Mtengowu udalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi ma farao akale achi Egypt, omwe ansembe adawakonzera kulowetsedwa masamba, amatchedwa "elixir of life." Nkhondo zisanachitike, zipatsozi zidadyedwa ndi Alexander the Great ndi Genghis Khan. Pakati pa ankhondo wamba, zinkawoneka bwino kwambiri kukhala ndi zipatso zingapo limodzi nawo, ndikuti amatenga mivi ndi zida zina kuchokera kwa munthu.

Maluwa a Murraya ndi oyera ngati chipale chofewa, ofanana ndi ma asteris kapena maluwa ofanana ndi masentimita 7-10. Fungo lawo lolemera limafanana ndi fungo la lalanje, kakombo wa chigwa kapena lilac. Kuphatikiza pakukwaniritsa tanthauzo la kununkhira, kumakhudzanso bronchi ndi mapapu, kuchepetsa kugona, kuthetsa nkhawa ndi kutopa, kuthetsa migraines, komanso kuchepetsa mkhalidwe wodalira nyengo.

Maluwa ochepa a murraya ndi okwanira kudzaza chipindacho ndi fungo labwino

Mphukira zimapanga mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi miyezi yochepa chabe. Mu zaka 2-3, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, murraya amakhala ndi inflorescence pafupifupi kwathunthu. Pamitengo mpaka m'badwo uno, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzingochotsa kuti mbewuyo isawononge mphamvu pa iwo. Maluwa akupitirirabe kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe pafupifupi mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, m'malo abwino amabwerezedwa kawiri pachaka.

Ngakhale murrayas ochepa kwambiri amatha kupanga masamba

Kenako, popanda kutenga gawo la wolimayo (chomera chodzipukutsira tokha), zipatso zokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 2 cm.Makhala kuti akwaniritse kwathunthu, adzafunika miyezi 3.5-4. Zipatso zakupsa zimakhala ndi mtundu wolemera kwambiri, ruby kapena makangaza.

Kuphatikizanso kwa Murray ndiko kuthekera kudzipangira korona. Mtengowu sufunika kudulira. Itha kuwerengenso mphamvu yake - itakwana kuti masamba angapo apangidwe, kukula kwa mphukira nthawi yomweyo kumayima.

Masamba a Murraya amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Ku India ndi ku Sri Lanka, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika, nthawi zambiri pokonza mafuta onunkhira komanso ngati gawo lofunika kwambiri pa zokometsera zotchuka padziko lonse. Kukoma kwawo kuli kofanana ndi laurel, sage ndi parsley, ndipo mawonekedwe a piquancy of tsabola wofiira amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakudya.

Kanema: momwe murraya amawonekera

Mawonedwe otchuka ndi wamaluwa amateur

Kuchokera ku banja laling'ono kale, ndi mitundu iwiri yokha yomwe idasinthidwa mnyumba. Nthawi zambiri omwe amapezeka m'masitolo, omwe amatchedwa Dutch Murraya sikuti amakhala osiyana, koma amangowonetsa dziko lomwe adachokera. Mwa njira, olima maluwa odziwa zambiri salimbikitsa kugula mbewu zotere - ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa a masamba, koma maluwa akuyenera kudikirira zaka 4-5, ndipo zipatso sizifuna kukhazikika.

Murraya Koenig (koenigii), ndi wakuda. Mwachilengedwe, imakula mpaka 3-6 mamita kutalika. Masamba ndi otambalala, mbale zamtundu uliwonse zimakonzedwaawiri. Pazonse, pali awiriawiri a 11-20. Maluwa ndi oyera ngati chipale kapena kirimu, laling'ono (1-1,5 cm m'mimba mwake). Mtengowo umatchedwa zipatso zabuluu zakuda. Ndiwosakhwima, mosiyana ndi njere za poizoni. Pali dzina lina lodziwika - "mtengo wa curry". Ndi dzina ili chifukwa chaumbuli wa atsamunda aku Britain. Ku Chitamil (chilankhulo cha anthu aku Sri Lanka), mtengo udatchedwa "karivepalai". Anachepetsa "kari" ndikusinthanitsa ndi zokometsera zotchuka, zomwe Murraya Koenig, kwenikweni, alibe chilichonse.
Murraya paniculata (paniculata), ndiwosowa (exotica) kapena wakunja. Pali mayina ambiri osadziwika - "Myrtle wa ku Japan", "lalanje" kapena "jasmine wa lalanje." Kutalika kwa mbewu m'chilengedwe ndi 2-3 m, ali mu ukapolo - 0,7-1.5 m. Sizimasiyana kukula, ndikuwonjezera masentimita 4-5 pachaka. Makungwawa adamangidwa, amakumbukiranso mwamphamvu mabo. Zimayambira ndizochepa thupi, motero amafunika kuthandizidwa, makamaka akamagwedezeka ndi kulemera kwa inflorescence ndi zipatso. Masamba obiriwira amdima mumdzuwo amaponyedwa ndi golide wamkuwa, bwino lomwe limapangitsa kuti maluwawo azikhala oyera. Iliyonse imakhala ndi timapepala ta masamba 3-5. Mphukira zimapangidwa pafupifupi chaka chonse ndikupuma kwa miyezi 2-3 (Novembala-Januware). Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita atatu 3-5 ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri - amakhala okongoletsedwa ndi akachisi, akazi okwatiwa, amawaluka tsitsi lawo kapena kuvala m'khosi. Zipatso za mtundu wa ruby, wokhala ndi mainchesi 2-3, ndizopezeka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mankhwala azikhalidwe. Iliyonse ili ndi njere ziwiri. Murraya paniculata safunikira chisamaliro chokha kuposa Murraya Koenig.
Murraya amtunda (nana). Zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana za nkhawa za murraya. Kutalika kwakukulu ndi 0.5 m. Chomera chatsopanochi chimayamba kutulutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi chitazulidwa, mpaka kutalika kwa 4-5 cm.

Zithunzi Zojambula: Mitundu ya Murraya yobzala kunyumba

: Pali malo a murraya amtunda ngakhale m'chipinda chaching'ono

: Murraya wamtali - wosakanizidwa wachilengedwe

: Murraya paniculata, pomwe nyengo ilola, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe

: Maluwa a Murraya paniculata amafalitsa fungo lodabwitsa

: Murraya paniculata amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe, zopindulitsa zawo zimadziwika komanso zovomerezeka

: Murraya König ali ndi masamba akuluakulu

: Maluwa a Murraya Koenig ndi ochepa kwambiri, amasonkhanitsidwa m'malo otetezedwa ngati chishango

: Dzina loti "wakuda" Murraya König ali ndi mbiri ya zipatso

Momwe mungapangire chomera choyenera kwambiri

Murraya ndi mbadwa yamvula yamvula yamvula yotentha. Kunyumba, muyenera kuyesa molondola momwe mungathere kuti mutulutsire kukula kwachilendo. Ichi ndiye chinsinsi cha kukhala bwino ndi maluwa ambiri.

Gome: Mulingo woyenera wokulitsa Murray

Choyimira	Malangizo
Malo	Windo loyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kummawa. M'nyengo yotentha, poto amatengedwa kupita kumunda kapena kukhonde lotseguka, lotetezedwa ndi dzuwa, mphepo ndi mvula, nthawi yachisanu imatsukidwa kuti isagwiritse ntchito ma radiator ndi zida zina zotenthetsera. Chomera chimakonda mpweya wabwino, koma sichilekerera kukazizira. Kupanga chisoti chachifumucho kukhala chabwino osati "kukulunga", nthawi zina mumazungulira mphika mozungulira, ndikusuntha.
Kuwala	Kuwala kowala. Mtengowo umaphunzitsidwa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, kudziwitsidwa kowonjezereka kudzafunika kuwonjezera maola akuwala masana mpaka maola 12-14. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito luminescent komanso ochiritsira apadera.
Kutentha	Munthawi yazomera zogwira - 24-26ºС. Pamene Murraya akupuma - 15-18ºС. Ochepera ovuta ndi 12ºº. Kutentha kochepa kumakhudza masamba. Zosafunikira komanso kusintha kwakanema.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	Kwambiri bwino. Zofunikira zochepa ndiz 70%. Pakutentha, chomera chosakhala chamaluwa chimapakidwa katatu pa tsiku kuchokera pa mfuti yoluka. Ngati pali masamba, mutha kuyikamo zotengera zamadzi pafupi ndi poto, kuyika dongo lonyowa, moss-sphagnum, ulusi wa kokonati poto.

Onetsetsani kuti mukuyika murraya pawindo, kusowa kwa kuwala kumapangitsa kuti pakhale maluwa

Kubzala ndi Kupititsa Ndondomeko

Murray wochepera zaka zisanu amafunika kumuyika pachaka, ndiye - ngati ndi kotheka, pafupifupi kamodzi pa zaka 2-3. Mbewu ikafika kukula kotero kuti imafunikira kukhazikitsidwa mu mphika yayikulu, kupatsirana kumakhala kovuta kapena kosatheka mwathupi. Poterepa, gawo lokwera la 5-10 masentimita amachokera kuchilimwe chilichonse ndikusinthidwa ndi dothi latsopano.

Danga la chidebe limawonjezeka pang'ono nthawi iliyonse, ndi masentimita 1-2, popeza kukula kwa Murraya sikusiyana. Ponena za dothi, kusakaniza kwa citruse ndi koyenera, koma mutha kuphika nokha. Zofunikira zazikulu za mbewu m'nthaka ndizopepuka, zokongola komanso kuyamwa pang'ono kwa asidi.

Pankhani yolima murraya, dothi lakutsogolo kwa zipatso za zipatso ndi loyenera.

Turf wachonde, nthaka yopanda masamba, mchenga wowuma, humus kapena manyowa owola (2: 2: 2: 1). Ngati osakaniza akonzedwa kuti adule mbewu zazing'ono, vermiculite, perlite, moss-sphagnum kapena coconut fiber (mpaka 10% ya buku lonse) amawonjezeramo. Achichepere a murraya, ufa wophika kwambiri ufunika.
Dothi la cacti ndi ma faulents, peat crumb, humus (3: 1: 2).

Palibe chilichonse chovuta pakuzisintha pawokha. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yotumizira, kusungira chotupa kwambiri momwe mungathere. Kukhala kosavuta kuchotsa chomera mu mphika wakale ngati kuthiriridwa mokwanira kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 musanaziike. Musaiwale zamadzimadzi, zomwe zimayenera kudzaza kuchuluka kwa kotala la mphika. Iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi gawo lapansi, ikani nyemba pamwamba ndi kuwonjezera dothi m'mphepete. Samalani kuti musazitse khosi lamizu.

Kupatsirana kwa Murraya kumachitika mwa njira ya transshipment

Murraya wobwezeretsayo amathiriridwa madzi pang'ono ndikutumizidwa kwa masiku 5-7 pamthunzi pang'ono. Kenako abwerera kumalo awo wamba ndikusamalira, mwachizolowezi. Feteleza kuyambiranso masabata 4-6 pambuyo pa njirayi.

Kanema: momwe mungadzalidwere Murraya

Kusamalidwa Kwabwino kwa Murraya Kunyumba

Kusamalira moyenera murraya kunyumba ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti maluwa azikhala nthawi yayitali. Simuyenera kuwononga nthawi yambiri pa izi - mbewu imangofunika kuthirira nthawi yake, kuvala koyenera komanso kutsika pang'ono kutentha kuti mupumulidwe nyengo yozizira.

Kuthirira

Munthawi yazomera, Murraya amafunikira madzi ochepa koma osowa kwambiri. Ngati mungasungiremo madzi ,zuzu zomwe sizinalandire zimangofa. Dothi pakati pa njirazi liyenera kupukuta, koma osati kwathunthu, pafupi 2/3 yakuya kwa mphika.

Murraya amayankha ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mutha kukweza chinyezi m'njira zinanso

Murraya sakonda gawo lamadzi komanso acidifying. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuiwala kuthirira mtengowo kuposa kuuchita kawiri.

Madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ofewa, amawotcha kutentha kwa chipinda. Yabwino mabotolo, kusefedwa kapena kununkha. Ngati izi sizingatheke, yimani kapena wiritsani bomba. Kuti musunge nthaka yoyenera ya asidi, onjezerani asidi pang'ono kapena madzi, apiniga yaviniga ya apulo (mphepete zingapo kapena madontho 10 l) kwa iyo.

Ntchito feteleza

Kwa Murray, feteleza wamadzi am'madzi azinthu zamaluwa zamkati kapena kukonzekera kwapadera kwa bonsai ndizoyenera. Onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira kapangidwe kake - mbewuyo m'malo mwake siyilekerera mankhwala enaake a chlorine. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika pafupifupi theka la ola mutathilira, makamaka madzulo.

Mukamasankha feteleza wa murraya, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga - mankhwala sayenera kukhala ndi chlorine

Njira imodzi m'masiku 15-20 ndi yokwanira. Kuchepetsa mbewuyo sikabwino. Pankhaniyi, iwongolera zoyesayesa zonse kuti apange masamba obiriwira, ndipo padzakhala maluwa ochepa.

Mutha kusinthira feteleza wama mchere ndi zinthu zachilengedwe - mwachitsanzo, kulowetsedwa kwa zitosi zatsopano za mbalame, manyowa a ng'ombe, masamba a nthochi. Chomalizidwa chimayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1:20 (zinyalala) kapena 1:15.

Murraya amakonda kwambiri chlorosis. Chifukwa chake, kupewa, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo kumawonjezeredwa ku yankho la feteleza (mwachitsanzo, Orton, Micro-Fe). Kapenanso mutha kungotchera misomali ingapo mumphika mukamabagulira.

Kanema: Kukula kofunikira kwa Kusamalira Zomera

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Kudulira

Murraya safuna kudulira kopanga. Nthambi zimafupikitsidwa pokhapokha chifukwa cha "kukongola" kwakukulu, kukondoweza kwa mapangidwe ndikupatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe abwino. Zachidziwikire, izi sizikugwira ntchito pamalingaliro omwe amapangidwira bonsai.

Murraya amazidulira makamaka kuti chitsamba chiwoneke bwino.

Chaka chilichonse lisanayambike nyengo yamasamba akhama, mphukira zonse zimafupikitsidwa ndi gawo limodzi, yayitali kwambiri - ndi theka. Nthambi zopanda bwino zomwe zimalunjikidwa pansi kapena kuziika mu korona zimadulidwa mpaka kukula.

Maluwa

Kupanda maluwa ndi mapangidwe a zipatso za Murraya nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi chinyezi chochepa mchipindacho. Mu mpweya wouma, mungu umakhala wosabala.

Maluwa a Murraya ndi chizindikiro choonekeratu kuti mbewuyo ikhutitsidwa ndi momwe angasungidwenso ndi chisamaliro

M'mikhalidwe yabwino, Murraya amatulutsa ndipo amabala zipatso pafupifupi chaka chonse. Maluwa aliwonse amakhala ndi kanthawi kochepa (amakhala masiku 1-2), koma atsopano amawululidwa nthawi zonse.

Nthawi yopumula

Murraya alibe nthawi yopuma yowonetsedwa bwino. Koma amafunikabe kupuma ndikupeza mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, kuyambira Novembala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa February, mbewuyo imamwetsedwa kwambiri komanso osadyetsedwa konse. Zofunikira zowunikira sizisintha. Murrayae wozizira akuyang'ana malo owala kwambiri. Mutha kuyiyika pawindo lakumwera kuti masamba asakhudze galasi lozizira. Pamafunika masana kuti mupange maola owerengeka nthawi yayitali.

Zolakwa wamba za woyamba kubzala

Murraya sapereka zovuta kwa wolimbitsa. Imatha kusamutsa kwambiri popanda kutaya kukongoletsa, koma imapweteka kwambiri kupuma mpweya ndi kutentha kwambiri. Chizindikiro choyamba chosonyeza kuti mbewuyo sikukhutitsidwa ndi momwe ikukonzera ndi / kapena chisamaliro - kugwa kapena kusowa kwa masamba ndi kuchuluka "masamba kugwa".

Gome: Masamba amatembenukira chikaso, chouma, kugwa ndi zochita zina za Murraya ku chisamaliro chosayenera

Kodi mbewu imawoneka bwanji?	Kodi chifukwa chake nchiyani?
Masamba amagwa, osatembenukira chikasu.	Kuperewera kwa kuwala.
Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa, nsonga ziuma. Masamba nawonso amagwa.	Chinyezi chotsika kwambiri. Makamaka kuphatikiza ndi kutentha mumsewu.
Masamba m'malo otembenukira chikasu, nickel.	Kutentha kwambiri. Kapenanso chomera chija chikuyimiranso.
Mawonekedwe owoneka kapena opaka maonekedwe osasamba pamasamba. Kenako izi zopindika zauma.	Dzuwa. Nthawi zambiri wamatsenga ndiyemwe amachititsa izi, atasiya chomera chomenyedwa padzuwa. Madontho amadzi amatenga mbali yamagalasi yoyang'ana miyeso.
Masamba akuda a mphukira ndi masamba a masamba.	Zayamba. Chifukwa chake ndikutunga madzi dothi limodzi ndi kutentha kochepa.

Murray amasiya youma ndi chinyezi chosakwanira komanso kutentha pang'ono

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga maluwa

Murraya amadwala kwambiri matenda a bacteria komanso bacteria. Fungal (poyambirira, mitundu yonse ya zowola) yopewa kupewedwa koyenera ingathe kupewedwa. Koma amatha kupezeka ndi chlorosis. Musaiwale za tizirombo touluka, ngakhale amatchera khutu mosazindikira.

Matenda aliwonse ndiosavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiritsa. Njira zingapo zopewera kupewa zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha bowa ndi tizilombo toopsa:

Zomera zonse zomwe zangopangidwa kumene zizikhala kwa mwezi umodzi;
pendani ziweto zanu pafupipafupi (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito galasi lokulitsa) ndikudzilekanitsa ndi omwe akuvulazidwa poyamba pazizindikiro zowopsa;
ikani maluwe amaluwa odulidwa ndi okhala m'mizere patali momwe mungathere, moyenera mzipinda zosiyanasiyana (makamaka maluwa ndi ma chrysanthemums);
pindani mchipindacho nthawi zonse, fumbi limachoka kamodzi pa sabata;
utsi wa Murraya tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya m'njira zinanso;
gwiritsani ntchito miphika yoyera yokha, zida zotsogola ndi zida;
tsatirani malingaliro oyang'anira chomera, makamaka omwe akukhudzana ndi kuthirira ndi kuvala kwapamwamba;
thirirani masamba mbali zonse ndi nyali ya quartz kwa mphindi 2-3 sabata iliyonse.

Gome: Kodi ndimatenda ndi tizirombo omwe timawopseza murraya

Matenda kapena tizilombo	Mawonetsero akunja	Njira zoyendetsera
Zovunda	Masamba akuda a mphukira ndi petioles, mawanga amdima akuda pamasamba, nkhungu padziko lapansi, fungo losasangalatsa.	Chepetsa masamba ndi mphukira, ngakhale ndi kuwonongeka kochepa, ku minofu yathanzi. Finyani "mabala" ndi choko chophwanyika, kaboni yokhazikitsidwa, sinamoni. Chotsani chomeracho mumphika, yang'anani mizu, dulani onse omwe adachita khungu, zilowerereni kwa maola awiri mu njira yonyezimira ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena 1% mita - fungicide iliyonse (HOM, Skor, Abiga-Peak). Ikani mbewuyo mumphika wopanda mbee, ndikusintha dothi kuti lisafe ndi majeremusi. Onjezani Alirin-B, Gliokladin ku dothi. Kwa miyezi 2-3, kuthirirani ndi 0,5% yankho la Previkur, Baikal-EM, Maxim m'malo mwa madzi wamba.
Chlorosis	Masamba achikasu amaterera kukula ndi kupindika kuzungulira m'mphepete (mitsempha imakhala yobiriwira), kuyanika masamba ndi nsonga za mphukira.	Thirani mbewu ndi madzi acidified. Utsi wamasamba 2-3 nthawi ndi yankho la mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhala ndi chitsulo chamchere - Ferovit, Ferrilen, Antichlorosis. Ngati palibe chochita, ikani chomera pofukula misomali yaying'ono pansi.
Spider mite	Mawonekedwe owonda, opaka miyala ndi kuwombera maziko, malo owoneka bwino kumbuyo kwa tsamba.	Pukutani mbewuyo ndi mowa kapena mankhwala aliwonse omwe ali ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Pambuyo pa mphindi 15 mpaka 20, sambani posamba. Thirani kwambiri ndikuwaza murraya, malo kwa masiku 2-3 pansi pa chikwama cha pulasitiki. Ngati palibe zotheka, gwiritsani ntchito ma acaricides - Vermitek, Agravertin, Apollo, Neoron (nthawi 3-4 ndi gawo la masiku 7-12, kusintha mankhwala).
Chotchinga	Zingwe zozungulira ndizotuwa pamtunda pamtunda, zimakulira mwachangu, ndipo zimakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu chofiira kuzungulira mozungulira.	Ikani palafini, turpentine, mafuta a makina kuzikuta za tizirombo tooneka. Pambuyo maola 2-3, chotsani chikopa. Sambani chomera pansi pa bafa lotentha. Spray amadyera ndi nthaka ndi yankho la Fonesiatsid, Metaphos, Fufanon. Bwerezani katatu ndipo ndikadula kwamasiku 7-10.
Ma nsabwe	Ziphuphu za chikasu zobiriwira kapena zobiriwira zakuda zimamatirira nsonga za mphukira, masamba ndi masamba ochokera mkati.	Ikani chithovu cha potashi wobiriwira kapena sopo ochapira pamalowo, kuchapa posamba ola limodzi. Utsi pamtengo ndi dothi 3-4 tsiku lililonse ndi infusions wazitsamba zilizonse zowoneka bwino, anyezi, adyo, tchipisi cha fodya, masamba a zipatso. Ngati palibe zotheka, gwiritsani ntchito Inta-Vir, Biotlin, Iskra-Bio (pakadutsa masiku 3-5 mpaka tizilombo atazimiririka).
Whitefly	Agulugufe oyera oyera oyera omwe amatuluka pamtengowo ngakhale atangogwira pang'ono.	Ikani tepi yomatira yogwira ntchentche, misampha yopangidwa ndi nyumba, fumigator mosalekeza pafupi ndi duwa. Chotsani m'mawa uliwonse, mukusonkhanitsa agulugufe owoneka. Pewani mbewuyo ndi dothi ndi yankho la Actara, Mospilan, Confidor-Maxi (nthawi 3-4 ndi gawo la sabata).

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tomwe muyenera kulimbana mukamakula Murray

: Whitefly ndi chifukwa china chosakondera kwambiri chikaso, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misampha yopangidwa ndi nyumba

: Aphids - imodzi mwazomera "zopatsa chidwi", sanyansanso

: Zithandizo za anthu othana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizithandiza kwenikweni - zimatetezedwa molimba ndi chipolopolo cholimba

: Spider mite si tizilombo, chifukwa chake, mankhwala apadera - ma acaricides amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana nawo

: Kukula kwa chlorosis kumayambitsidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwazomwe zimachitika mu photosynthesis.

: Root rot ndi matenda omwe amatha kuthandizidwa pokhapokha pakukula

Kubzala kwa Murraya kunyumba

Murraya kunyumba amaberekanso zonse mosamala komanso moolowa manja. Sipadzakhala mavuto ndi zodzala - mbewuyo imadulidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo, moyenerera, posunga, imabala zipatso.

Kupeza mbewu za Murraya kunyumba palibe vuto.

Kumera kwa mbeu

Mbeu za Murraya zimataya kumera, nthawi yomweyo zimafesedwa mutatenga zipatso zakupsa.

Mbewu za Murraya zimamera mozama

Dzazani makapu apulasitiki kapena miphika yaying'ono ndi chisakanizo cha dothi la chinsalu ndi mchenga wowuma bwino (1: 1). Pamafunika ngalande yotalika mpaka masentimita atatu.
Bzalani nyemba zingapo mmaso mwake, zomwe zidanyowa m'miyeso yapinki ya potaziyamu kwa mphindi 15-20.
Phimbani mitsukoyo ndi matumba apulasitiki, ndikupanga kutulutsa wobiriwira. Onjezani kutentha wokhazikika wa 23-25ºº, kuwala kosawonekera bwino.
Pendani malo obzala tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu. Ikamuma, sansani dothi ndi yankho la chilichonse chofunikira, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo ndi theka poyerekeza ndi wopangidwayo.
Mbande zoyambirira ziziwoneka m'masiku 12-15, misa - 30-30. Yembekezani mpaka tchire lipange awiriawiri a masamba enieni, ndikuwachotsa mu dothi la akulu akulu. Samalani monga mwachizolowezi.

Mbande za Murray zimapezeka mofulumira

Kanema: Kukula kwa Murraya kuchokera kumbewu

Mizu yodula

Kudula ndi njira yosavuta komanso yachangu yofalitsira murraya, koma ndi yoyenera kwa mbewu zokhala ndi chaka chimodzi. Nthawi yabwino yodzala zinthu ndi chiyambi cha nthawi yophukira.

Kudula kwa Murraya nthawi zambiri kumazika pansi.

Dulani pamwamba pa mphukira kutalika kwa masentimita 71. Finyani pansi ndi chosangalatsa chilichonse cha ufa.
Nthawi yomweyo dzalani mabowo kumiphika yodzadza ndi peat kapena mchenga. Njira ina ndi kuzika mizu m'madzi kapena njira yofooka (2-3 ml pa lita) yankho la biostimulant iliyonse (Epin, Zircon, Heteroauxin). Madzi amafunika kusinthidwa masiku onse awiri ndi atatu.
Muziperekanso zofanana mbeu zikamera. Kutentha kokhako kumafunikira - 26-28ºС. Kutentha kwapansi kumathandizanso.
Pakatanga masamba awiri atsopano, ikani zofunikira ndikudula zina ndikudula dothi labwino.

Ndemanga

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji murraya woyenera? Zomera zathu, tsamba lovuta limakhala ndi masamba 3-7, ndipo Chidatchi - kuyambira 7-11, yathu yatulutsa maluwa kuyambira miyezi 2-4, ndipo Chidatchi patatha zaka zisanu ngati pachimera - chabwino. Nthambi yathu yodzifunira ndi squat, ndipo achi Dutch nthawi zambiri amakula nthambi ndi "kavalo" wamkulu.
TaSo
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Sindikudziwa za kuzindikira, koma kwa ine shrub imeneyi idakhala yovuta. Mwina ndinamsamalira molakwika (chimodzimodzi ndi anamgoneka, ali ndi mikhalidwe yofananira), koma abambo anga a murraya mosachedwa kutuluka, ndipo atakwiya zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, ine ndidangokwiyira, kulimba mtima, ndikuwutaya. Ndipo zodulidwa zomwe ndidadula poyambirirapo, palibe amene adazika mizu, osanena za maluwa ndi kubereka.
Makalata
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Murraya adawoneka ndi ine kumapeto kwa zaka za 80s, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, ngakhale ndizosintha, sindinadinidwebe ndi zina zilizonse zatsopano pakati pa ufumu wazomera. Mtengowu umatha kudziwika kuti ukudzipanga (ku Murray, mphukira zonse ndi masamba zimaleka kukula ndikuyamba kukula ndi nthambi zatsopano mpaka, zitaphuka. Mwa njira, simukuyenera kupukutira mbewuyo - imadzipukuta nokha ndikumvetsetsa bwino kuti ndi maluwa angati omangira, kuti ana asiyidwe osadzivulaza - ovary yowonjezera idzachotsedwa. Sindikudziwa chomera chopanda mavuto kuposa chimenecho. Gawo lokhalo ndi malo owala. Imakula pazenera langa lakumadzulo, koma imakula ngakhale pazenera lakumpoto, mwina pokhapokha padzakhala zovuta zamaluwa. Mwachilengedwe, muyenera kusinthasintha nthawi ndi mphika ndi chomera kuti mukulitse mbali zonse. Mwa njira, mphukira yotambalala nthawi yachisanu ikhoza kudulidwa, potero imalimbikitsa mawonekedwe atsopano. Mwa tizirombo, timakhudzidwa kokha ndi nkhanambo kenako chomera chikadzayiwalika. Ndimavomereza, sindimakonda kupeta Murraya ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ngakhale nthawi zambiri amayankha izi ndi maluwa. Duwa limodzi limakwanira kudzaza chipinda chonse ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino.
TatyanaK
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Murraya mwiniwake ndi mainchesi awiri kuchokera pamphika, koma ukufalikira kale. Ndipo momwe zimanunkhira! Ndinawerenga kuti masamba ambiri amatola mbewu zing'onozing'ono, koma sindingathe ... Chabwino, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti duwa langa litakula, limadalira mphamvu zake.
Mullet
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Ndinagula zipatso za Murraya pa Marichi 10, ndipo mu Julayi zidayamba kutulutsa. Ndipo kwachedwa, ndawerenga kuti nthawi zambiri amatulutsa m'mwezi wachitatu. Fungo labwino la maluwa ofanana ndi la kakombo wa chigwa kapena lilac. Adaganiza zophuka maluwa, ndipo kukula kwa khanda ndi masentimita 5 okha! Sindidzaleka kudabwitsidwa! Ndipo sindikudziwa, mwina ndi mwangozi kapena mwatsatanetsatane, koma mtima wanga unasiya kukankha (ili m'chipinda changa).
Tatyana
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Murraya wa nthanga ya miyezi isanu ndi itatu adaphuka, ndipo sanafune kukula, miyezi isanu ndi itatu kuchokera pa dziko lapansi masentimita 6 mpaka 6. Ndinaona kuti amaluwa mosatekeseka ndi dzuwa lowala. Ndinkasonkhanitsa masamba anga nthawi yozizira ndikukakhala nawo ngati choncho, ndiye kuti nthawi yotentha inafika, dzuwa lowala, ndipo masamba sanali kufuna kukula ndikutseguka. Nditangoichotsa ku dzuwa, ndinayiyika mita kuchokera pawindo lakum'mawa ndipo idaphukira tsiku limodzi kuchokera kwa ine!
Mary
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Murraya amakonda kuunika kowala, koma popanda kuwongoleredwa ndi dzuwa. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kambiri, mukamayanika kumatha kugwetsa masamba. Mavalidwe apamwamba kawiri pa mwezi, mwachitsanzo, Abwino. Mutha kupopera, koma ayi.
Ejik
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Monga mbewu zambiri, murraya sifunikira mphika yayikulu - iyenera kufananizidwa ndi kukula kwa phala. Kukoka mbewu mosafunikira ndikusinthanso ndikofunikira. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kochulukirapo (zolimbitsa kumabweretsa kuti gawo la mizu, lomwe silikhala lonyowa, limangofa), koma osati pafupipafupi, osafunikira kudikira kuti dziko lapansi likhale ngati chipululu, koma sikuyenera kumakhala konyowa nthawi zonse. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wazipatso zamtchire - izi ndi mbewu zokhudzana. Murraya amatha kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa (sindimamutulutsa), koma osati padzuwa. Komabe, sayenera kukhala dzuwa lotseguka. Pali ma inflorescence ambiri; nthambi zatsopano zambiri zimakulanso mu nthawi yomwe ikukula. Nthawi zina ndimadulira mbewu, ndimachotsanso inflorescence - zonsezi ndizovuta kwambiri pamtengowo. Maluwa amasangalatsa diso. Koma lingaliro la kununkhiza ... Fungo labwino, ndizodabwitsa, limawoneka ngati jasmine. Koma tangolingalirani momwe zimamverekera pomwe mbewu yonse ili pachimake?! Fungo lilibe kwina konse, mawu otifotokozere! Zomera sizoyenera kudwala matupi awo wamba. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zazing'ono zimapangidwa. Ndinawerenga za phindu lawo lalikulu la thanzi, motero ndinadya zoposa kamodzi. Amadya kwambiri, mafupa okha ndi owawa kwambiri. Ubweya wamkati umakhala wowawasa, umakhala ndi wowawasa wowawasa, mafuta ofunikira amamva.
NatalyaM12
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Mwa "kukhazikitsa" murraya kunyumba kwanu, simudzangowonetsa zochokera, komanso kukhala ndi chomera chamtundu wabwino komanso chosalemekeza. Kutulutsa kwamitengo yambiri kumakondweretsa diso, masamba amafalikira fungo labwino, zipatsozo zimalimbitsa chitetezo chathupi komanso mtima. Mukamatsatira malamulo osavuta osamalira chomera, chimakusangalatsani kwa nthawi yayitali.