Colinict Actinidia: Zinthu zomwe zikukula kumpoto kwa kiwi

Colomict actinidia ndi mtengo wokongoletsa kwambiri-ngati liana wokhala ndi masamba oyamba omwe amasintha utoto kangapo munyengo. Kuphatikiza apo, chikhalidwechi chili ndi zipatso zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi. Colomicta ndi amodzi mwa mitundu 36 yamtunduwu, yomwe imaphatikizapo Chineseinininin, yomwe imadziwika bwino monga kiwi. Koma ngati chomeracho chikukula ndikubereka zipatso makamaka m'malo otentha, ndiye kuti colomict ndiyowoneka bwino kumpoto amene amatha kupirira chisanu nyengo yozizira mpaka -40 ºº.

Zachilengedwe za Actinidia uyu

Zomera za genus Actinidia, kuphatikizapo colomict, ndi mitengo yokhazikika yokhazikika yomwe imatha kukwera chithandizo chilichonse mpaka kutalika kwa ma 15. Mwachilengedwe, amapezeka m'nkhalango za Far East, Amur Region, China ndi Japan. Colomicta imamera m'mapiri pamtunda wamamita pafupifupi 1300 pamwamba pa nyanja, komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, mitsinje ndi mphesi zamatchi.

Mwachilengedwe, colomictus actinidia amakula m'malo ampiri, komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango

Colomikta ndiye wolimba kwambiri komanso wosakhazikika pakati pa ena oimira amtunduwu. Imapilira nyengo yachisanu mozizira, imakula modabwitsa m'malo omwe kuli nyengo yozizira: ku Far East, Siberia ngakhale kumpoto kwa dziko lathu.

Actinidia colomicta ndi chiwindi choona chautali poyerekeza ndi mbewu zina zam'munda. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, mpesa umatha kukula ndi kubereka zipatso kwa zaka zana limodzi.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini, liwu loti "colomict" limveka ngati "kung'ala", "kuyaka." Actinidia adalandira dzinali chifukwa cha masamba ake. Masamba ophika - m'malo mwake ndi okulirapo komanso makwinya - asinthe mtundu wawo nyengo yonseyo. Kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwawo, amapaka utoto wabwino kwambiri wamkuwa, kenako amatembenuka wobiriwira, ndipo asanafike maluwa, kumaso kowoneka bwino kumapeto kwamasamba, omwe pang'onopang'ono amatembenukira pinki. Zitatha izi, tsamba limasinthanso kubiriwira, ndipo posachedwa amapeza mtundu wachikasu kapena pabuka.

Malinga ndi botanists, kusintha kwa masamba amtundu wa liana kumeneku ndi kusintha kwina kwa mungu. Masiyanidwe amitundu pakati pa miyala ikuluikulu amakopa tizilombo, chifukwa chake amakhala gawo la miyala yowala.

Colinict actinidia wokongoletsa masamba achilendo amatha kukhala chokongoletsa chenicheni cha tsambalo

Mawonekedwe a tsamba la Actinidia colomict ovate okhala ndi mtima wokhazikika, amakula kutalika mpaka 5 mpaka 13 mpaka 13. Mphukira zowonda zimakhala ndi hue yakuda. Maluwa akuluakulu oyera (okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 1.5 cm) amatengedwa mu zishango za zidutswa za 3-5. Pakatikati pa maluwa pano pamakhala fungo lokhazikika.

Kufalikira kwamtundu wa actinidia kumatha pafupifupi milungu itatu

Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi zonunkhira zonunkhira bwino, ndipo zopaka utoto wobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Mbewu ndizing'onozing'ono, chikaso kapena zofiirira zakuda.

Zipatso za Actinidia zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical, kutalika kwake ndi 2-3 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi pafupifupi 1.5 cm

Colomicta ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri omwe amapezeka mu ascorbic acid - mu zipatso zake, vitamini C amapitilira 10 kuchulukirapo kuposa blackcurrant. Actinidia ndi wachiwiri yekha ku m'chiuno mwanjira imeneyi. Kusiyanaku ndikuti pokhala ndi zipatso zambiri za zipatso za ascorbic zokhala ndi asidi wochepa kwambiri komanso ndizabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zipatso za Actinidia colomict ndizoyenera kwambiri pazakudya.

Ku Far East, actinidia amatchedwa zoumba, mphesa zazing'ono, zokwawa, maximovnik ndi kukongola kwa Arctic.

Zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana colomict

Mtengowu wabzalidwa kuyambira chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Kutengera mitundu yamtchire ya actinidia colomict, mitundu yambiri yazabwino komanso yozizira yayandikira. Pakati wamaluwa, wakale wotsimikiziridwa mitundu monga:

• Mankhwala a chinanazi;
• Clara Zetkin;
• Yaikulu-zipatso.

Komabe, mitundu yamitundu yamakono imakhala yolimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, imatha kupirira chisanu mpaka -40 ^zaC. Mwa mitundu yatsopanoyi, zotsatirazi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• Adamu. Male pollinator osiyanasiyana. Mtengowo umakongoletsa, masamba okongola kwambiri, obiriwira mu Meyi, kenako ndikupanga zoyera, ndipo pambuyo pake ndi pinki hue. Adamu ali ndi ulemu wake: wamkulu liana, amakongoletsa mtundu wake. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera azunguwa amapanga fungo labwino la ndimu.
  

  Actinidia colomicta wolima Adamu amasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba okongoletsa

• Kaya. Mitundu ya Russia iyi ndi imodzi mwakale kwambiri. Liana si wamtali, wokhala ndi nthambi zazifupi. Mitundu ya masamba masamba ndi yobiriwira. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndi ma g. zipatsozo zimakhala zampangidwe, zojambulidwa mumtambo wa azitona wakuda. Khungu la zipatso limakhala loonda. Kununkhira ndi wowawasa-wokoma, wokhala ndi kununkhira kwa apulo.
  

  Zipatso za Actinidia colomict zokulitsa Homestead zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe pang'ono
• Gourmet Mpesa wapakatikati wapakatikati, mawonekedwe ake omwe ali ndi zipatso zazikulu komanso zokolola zambiri. Zipatso zokometsera ndizitali, cylindrical. Nyama yowutsa mudyo komanso yanthete imakhala ndi wowawasa wokoma ndi fungo lamankhwala. Kuti muchulukane bwino pamafunika pollinator.
  

  Actinidia Gourmand amadziwika ndi zokolola zambiri, koma pollinator amafunika popanga zipatso

• Sara. Actinidia wamtunduwu ndi mbewu yachikazi ndipo amafunika kupukutidwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Sarah imakhala ndi masamba osangalatsa kwambiri: theka lakelo tsamba limapakidwa muzithunzi zonse kuyambira zoyera mpaka zapinki, ndipo pansi pamakhala zobiriwira. Maluwa ali ndi fungo lamphamvu. Zipatso zimakula kukula kwa jamu.
  
  

  Mitundu ya Actinidia Sarah ali ndi masamba osangalatsa kwambiri - kuchokera pansi amakhala obiriwira, ndipo kuchokera pamwamba mawonekedwe adzasintha kuchokera oyera mpaka pinki

• Tanyusha. Unyinji wazipatso za zipatso zamtunduwu ndi 2.5 g. Zipatsozo ndizitali, cylindrical. Kukoma kwake ndi kotsekemera komanso wowawasa ndi fungo labwino la sitiroberi.

  

  Zipatso zokoma ndi wowawasa za Actinidia Tanyusha zimakhala ndi kukoma kwa sitiroberi

Momwe mungabzale kiwi chakumpoto

Mkhalidwe waukulu womwe uyenera kukumbukiridwa mukayika ma colomicts m'munda ndikuti mtundu uwu wa actinidia ndiwopatsa chidwi. Ndiye kuti, ngati mungu wowerengeka wa masamba atatu, wolima ayenera kubzala mpesa wamtundu wina wamwamuna (mwachitsanzo, Adamu wosiyanasiyana).

Makope a actinidia a colomictus achikazi amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe ka duwa

Kukula kwa mipesa kumakhala pang'ono, chifukwa chake, mutabzala mu mzere, mbewu zingabzalidwe mtunda wa 1-2 m.

Pakati pa mabodza mzere uyenera kusiyidwa osachepera 1-2 m

Timasankha malo ndi dothi lobzala mbande

Colomict actinidia ndi wozunza, mizu yake ikufalikira mwachangu kumbali ndipo imatha kulepheretsa mizu yazomera zomwe zikupezeka pafupi. Mtunda wopita pafupi ndi oyandikana nawo uyenera kukhala pafupifupi mita atatu. Kuti muteteze mbewu zina, mutha kuteteza mbande zachidutswa zomwe zidakumbidwa pansi. Mukabzala, zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zikukhudza kukula ndi zipatso zake ziyenera kuganiziridwanso:

• Sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mpesa pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, chifukwa mbewuyo simakonda kuthirira kwamadzi. Olima dimba samalangizidwa kuti abzale colomict m'malo okhala ndi madzi apansi panthaka.
• Mphukira za actinidia colomictus zimafikira dzuwa, koma mizu simalola kupukuta ndi kupsa, popeza amapezeka mwapamwamba. Chifukwa cha izi, malo opanda mthunzi ayenera kusankhidwa chifukwa chodzala.
• Colinict actinidia amakonda dothi lotayirira ndi lopepuka.
• Liana amafunikira thandizo. Malo abwino kwa iye padzakhala pafupi ndi njira, pafupi ndi mpanda, pergola kapena khonde.
  

  Actinidia mmera amafunika thandizo

Kubzala Actinidia

Zomera zazing'ono za colomict zingabzalidwe m'malo okhazikika nthawi yophukira kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Tikuchera ikuchitika motere:

1. Timakumba dzenje lalikulu masentimita 60x60.
2. Pansi timayika danga la drainage - miyala kapena miyala yophwanyika. Madziwo amayenera kukhala mainchesi 10 cm.
   

   Ikani ngalande pansi pa dzenjelo
3. Timasakaniza dothi lamtunda ndi manyowa opukutidwa bwino zofanana, kuwonjezera 1.5 kg ya phulusa, 200 g ya superphosphate ndi 100 g ya potaziyamu sulfate.
4. Timathira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chondecho ndikugundika.
   

   Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a gawo lapansi liyenera kuthiridwa mu dzenje lakufotokota ndi knoll

5. Ngati mizu yotseguka, ndiye kuti muviikeni mu dothi loumbika (mutha kuwonjezera muzu, mwachitsanzo, Kornevin).
6. Timayika mmera pazolowera ndikuwongola mizu.
7. Timadzaza theka ndi dothi ndikuthirira bwino.
8. Onjezerani dziko lonse lapansi ndi kuliphera pang'ono. Khosi la muzu pakubzala liyenera kuzamitsidwa ndi 2 cm.
9. Timakhomera msomali pafupi ndi mmera ndipo timalumikiza chomeracho.
   

   Kuti mukhale ndi kukhazikika kwakukulu, muyenera kukhazikitsa zikhomo pafupi ndi mmera

10. Ikani chodzala ndi udzu kapena udzu wosenda.

Zambiri za kukula kwa Actinidia colomict

Chomera chimakhala chodzikweza kwambiri. Actinidia nyengo yachisanu bwino komanso sikuti amaundana, chifukwa chake malo ogona amafunika okhazikika a toyesa. Zaka zitatu zoyambirira mutabzala, mipesa imachotsedwa pamathandizo, idayikidwa panthaka ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce. Zomera zazikulu safuna pogona, zimatha kusiyidwa ndi chithandizo.

M'dzinja, mphukira zazing'ono za Actinidia zimachotsedwa pamathandizo

Zomera zopatsa thanzi

Mu zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, actinidia safunika kudyetsedwa colomict. Komanso pachaka kumapeto kwa Epulo pa 1 m² pereka:

• 30 g wa ammonium nitrate;
• 15 g wa mchere wa potaziyamu;
• 15 g wa superphosphate iwiri.

M'chilimwe, thirirani mbewu ndi yankho la zovuta feteleza Kemira (20 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Kumapeto kwa Seputembala, masamba atagwa, 20 g yamchere wa potaziyamu ndi superphosphate ayenera kuthiridwa pansi pa liana lililonse (amachita izi nthawi imodzi ndi kukumba dothi lozungulira mbewuzo).

Kudulira tchire

Njira yofunika yolimitsira kulima kwa Actinidia colomict ndiyo kudulira. Nthawi yoyamba njirayi ikuchitika patatha zaka zitatu mutabzala mmera panthaka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndizidulira pokhapokha masamba atagwa, nthawi zina siziyenera kuchitika. Ma Actinidia amatha kutheratu ndi mphamvu ya cell (iwo amati mbewu "zikulira"). Mukadula liana mchaka, chilimwe kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo, ndiye kuti kumatha kufooka ndikufa.

Kuchepetsa wamkulu actinidia colomict kumachitika motere:

• fupikitsa chaka chilichonse ndi kutalika kwake;
• kudula nthambi zonse zomwe zimakulitsa chitsamba.

Mbewu ikafika zaka 10, pamafunika kuchita kudulira odana ndi ukalamba. Mphukira zonse zimafunikira kudula, kusiya zitsa za 30-30 cm.

Akuluakulu a actinidia amadulidwa mu kugwa, akufupikitsa masamba ndi lachitatu

Kuteteza achichepere kuchira kwa amphaka

Mitundu yamakono siyidwala tizirombo ndi matenda, koma mbewuyo ili ndi adani apadera. Amphaka omwe amakopeka ndi kununkhira kwa Actinidia amakonda kusangalala ndi mphukira ndi mizu yaying'ono. Olima odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kupanga mipanda yaying'ono yokhala ndi mauna achitsulo.

Amphaka onunkhira ngati mphukira ndi mizu ya actinidia colomict, kotero mbande ziyenera kutetezedwa ndikuzimata ndi thumba lachitsulo

Kanema: Ukadaulo waulimi wa Actinidia

Momwe mungafalitsire colomicta

Mtundu uwu wa Actinidia ukhoza kufalikira:

• mbewu;
• kudula (lignified and green);
• zigawo za mizu.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Mbewu ziyenera kugawidwa musanabzalidwe. Izi zimafuna:

1. Pukuani zodzala mu nsalu ndi malo mumchenga wonyowa.
   

   Mbewu za Actinidia zimafunika kuzikulunga mu nsalu ndikuziyika mumchenga wonyowa

2. Sungani miyezi iwiri kutentha kwa + 18-20 ^zaC.
3. Miyezi iwiri yotsatira - pa + 3-8 ^zaC.
4. Mwezi wina - ku + 13-15 madigiri.
5. Pakapita masiku asanu ndi limodzi, chikwama chamtundu wokhala ndi nthangala za Actinidia chimachotsedwa pamchenga, kupukusidwa ndikuwongolera kwa mphindi zingapo.

Mbeu za Actinidia zimayamba kumera patatha miyezi ingapo yodziwikanso

Nthawi yakumalizira ikamalizidwa, amayamba kukhala:

1. Mbewu zofesedwa m'bokosi lodzaza ndi nthaka yachonde (dothi lokonzeka kuti mbande ikhale yabwino).
2. Zobzala zimasungidwa m'chipinda chocheperako ndipo zimanyowetsedwa pamene nthaka yapamwamba ikuma.
3. Mbande zibzalidwe m'mundamo pomwe masamba enieni a 3-4 amawonekera.

Mitundu ya Actinidia imakonda kufalitsidwa ndi njere, chifukwa mitundu yamitundumitundu singakhalebe ndi moyo

Zomera zomwe zimamera pamera ndikuyamba kubala zipatso zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Actinidia kuchokera wobiriwira odulidwa

M'chilimwe, mutha kufalitsa ma colomict ndi kudula wobiriwira. Chitani izi motere:

1. Pakati pa Juni, odulidwa omwe ali ndi impso 2-3 amadulidwa. Masamba amadulidwa pakati. Tsinde pansi pa impso limadulidwa mbali, ndipo kudula kowongoka kumapangidwa pamwamba pa tsinde.
2. Zidula zakonzedwa zimaphatikizidwa ndi Hetrauxin kapena Kornevin ndipo zibzalidwe dothi lotayirira m'mundamo.
   

   Green cutinidia odulidwa obzalidwa lotayirira nthaka

3. Landings amaphimbidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki kapena masamba owonekera.
4. Pukutsani pang'onopang'ono ndikuwongolera tsiku ndi tsiku kuti masamba asadzikundike pamakoma a wowonjezera kutentha.
5. Mizu yodulidwa imabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika chilimwe.

Kanema: colomict actinidia kudula

Kufalitsa ndi kudula lignified

Actinidia amafalizidwa mofananamo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, masamba atagwa. Pofika nthawi ino, mphukira zachinyamata zimakhala ndi nthawi yopatsa ulemu. Tikuchera ikuchitika motere:

1. Liana limaduladula zodula (gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi masamba atatu) ndipo libzalidwe nthawi yomweyo.
2. Gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala lotayirira - kuti mukwaniritse izi, mutha kuwonjezera mchenga wopanda mitsinje.
3. Zabzala zophimbidwa ndi masamba owuma ndi nthambi za spruce.
4. Chilimwe chonse chotsatira, zodulidwa ziyenera kumera m'munda womwewo, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi zingabzalidwe m'malo okhazikika.

Zodulidwa zodziwika za Actinidia colomict muzu mwachangu

Njira yofalitsira poyikapo

Pakupanga kwa actinidia colomict motere, mphukira zapachaka ndizoyenera kwambiri. Chitani izi motere:

1. M'dzinja kapena masika, chowombera pachaka chimachotsedwa pachithandizo.
2. Pofukula m'munsi mwa mpesa pakuzunguliridwa mtengo wotalika masentimita atatu.
3. Ikani mphukira mu poyambira ndikusindikiza mwamphamvu kunthaka.
4. Kuwaza ndi dothi ndi moisturize.

Chaka chamawa, mphukira yatsopano imakula kuchokera ku impso iliyonse, pomwe mizu yake imawonekera. Nthambi zokhazikika zitha kupatulidwa ndi chomera cha mayi ndi kubzala m'malo osatha m'mundamo.

Pazigawo za Actinidia, mphukira yatsopano imakula kuchokera ku impso iliyonse

Kuti muwoneke, simungakumba poyambira, koma chitani zina:

1. Ikani mphukira yapachaka mozungulira ndikuyikhomera m'malo angapo pansi.
   

   Mphukira ya actinidia imayenera kuyikidwa pansi ndikunyindidwa pansi

2. Ndiye kuphimba ndi lapansi lotayirira, kusiya korona yekha.
3. Gwirizanitsani mphukira zatsopano kuthandizi.

Magawo oterowo ndi osavuta kuzika mizu ndipo amakula msanga. Munthawi yotsatira mutha kupeza mbewu zingapo zatsopano.

Kututa ndi Kututa

Colomict actinidia amakula mu Ogasiti kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Njirazi sizichitika nthawi imodzi, zipatso zakupsa zimagwera kutchire, chifukwa chake zimafunikira kusankhidwa kangapo pachaka. Zipatso zosapsa zimathanso kudulidwa - zimayang'aniridwa pansi pa denga pamtengo, pomwe zimacha bwino.

Zipatso za Colomict actinidia zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano

Colomict actinidia ndiwatsopano, zipatso zake zimatha kusungidwa m'chipinda chapansi cha firiji kwanthawi yayitali. Komanso, zokonzekera zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso. Ndizouma, zouma, kuzifutsa, kupanikizana, jamu zimapangidwa, timadziti ndi vinyo zimapangidwa.

Owonetsera wamaluwa pa kulima kwa actinidia colomict

Ndili ndi zaka 5 ndikukula tchire la actinidia colomicta (kanyumba kumpoto kwa Moscow). Amakhala m'malo opanda pobisalira komanso obwera kuchokera kumapiri.Maluwa ndikubala zipatso chaka ndi chaka (pamene tchire limakhwima, limachulukirachulukira). Mwa oyandikana nawo awiri mdzikolo, actinidia wakula kwa zaka zoposa 10. Komanso sanakhale ndi mavuto ndi nyengo yachisanu.

Natali

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Zodzikongoletsera za actinidia (colomict) pazokha ndizoyenera kwa ine - masamba owala, maluwa ochulukirapo komanso mawonekedwe achilendo - mtundu wa bonsai liana.

cherenok

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Amphaka amadya actinidia colomict yokha. Kwenikweni, imayenera kutetezedwa kuubwana, musanakhale zipatso. Pali zanzeru zina izi, zosavuta. Mtsogolomo, khungwali limakhala loumba, mizu yokhazikika pamwamba yokha yomwe imakumba amphaka, yomwe siowopsa. Mphukira zazing'ono zonama zitha kudya. Koma pakakhala zochuluka zake, ndiye kuti amphaka amataika, ndikusenda pansi.

Stefan

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Colomict actinidia, wofunika kwambiri pakoma ndi machitidwe ochiritsa. Mitundu yonse ya Actinidia imakhala ndi kukoma kosiyana ... Polygamum, mwachitsanzo, amakoma ngati tsabola wokoma, ndipo amakoma mu mawonekedwe osankhidwa okha. Actinidia palokha sangakhale ovomerezeka mwanjira iliyonse, ndipo mtundu uliwonse wa actinidia (colomict, kukangana, mitala) pollinator ofanana ndendende amafunika! Zachidziwikire kuti m'modzi mwa oyandikana nanu ali ndi chomera chamtundu womwewo, osati chapafupi, mwina ngakhale pamsewu wapafupi.

Sveta2609

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Ndili ndi actinidia colomict m'munda mwanga. Ndinagula, monga momwe ankayembekezera, mbande ziwiri - chachimuna ndi chachikazi. Koma imodzi sinathere :( Yachiwiri yakula kukhala mtengo wampesa waukulu, ndipo imadula pafupifupi mpaka muzu. Muyenera kuyitaya kwathunthu kapena kugula ina yake. kodi amatha kusiyanasiyana?

Kalinka

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Zipatso za Actinidia colomict ndizolemba zenizeni zakupezeka kwa ascorbic acid. Amadyedwa mwatsopano, ndipo amakonzanso mbale zambiri - kuchokera kupanikizana wamba kupita ku pastille wokoma. Zipatso amazidulira, ndipo amapanga vinyo wokoma mwa izo. Actinidia ndi wokongoletsa kwambiri ndipo amatha kukongoletsa ngodya yosayesa bwino kwambiri yamundawo. Chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi zabwino zambiri, chifukwa chake ndichofunika kukhazikitsa mpesa wokongola komanso wolimba patsamba lanu.