Kupereka kuchokera ku mathithi - khola la pansi

Nthambi ya dziko lapansi (kapena madzi) ili vuto lalikulu kwa alimi alionse kapena wamaluwa.

Kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa chipale chofewa simungapeze ngakhale mizere ya mabedi ophwanyika, koma kukumba nthaka ndi mabowo ambiri.

Ndodo imakula mofulumira kwambiri, choncho patangotha ​​nthawi yooneka, akuyamba kupanga zida zankhanza ndi nyumba zina.

Kuwonekera kwa makoswe ndi chithunzi

Phokoso la dziko lapansi ndilo makoswe akulu-ophwanya, koma kwenikweni si makoswe. Ndipotu, ndi mbewa yamtundu, makamaka, mtundu waukulu kwambiri wa banja lino.

Nyama ili ndi kukula kuyambira masentimita 16 mpaka 22 (yomwe mchira uli 6-13 cm) ndi kulemera kwa thupi kuyambira 180 mpaka 380 magalamu.

Thupi lalikulu, ndi mutu waukulu ndi nkhope yosasangalatsa, zochepa, pafupifupi makutu osawoneka. Mchira uli wozungulira, utali wautali, wokhala ndi tsitsi lokongola.

M'nyengo yozizira, chovalacho ndi chokwanira komanso chotalika, chilimwe chili chochepa komanso chochepa. Ubweya wa phala ndi wosiyana mosiyana, kumakhala kumalo osiyanasiyana kapena mibadwo yosiyana.

Kubwezera kumbuyo - mdima wakuda, ndi mithunzi yambiri, mimba. Nthawi zina pali wakuda kwathunthu nyama.

Zilonda zazing'ono zam'mbuyo zamphongo ndizofupika, zomalizira ndizitali, zokhoma pang'ono. Miyendo yamphongo imakhala yochepa. Kusambira bwino.

Zithunzi zowala za pota:

Kufalitsa ndi kubalana

Ng'ombe ya padziko lapansi ingapezeke ku Ulaya, ku Caucasus, ku Siberia (kupatula ku madera a Far North). Chiwerengero chachikulu cha makoswe chimayambira kum'mwera kwa Siberia ndi ku Central Asia.

Kwa moyo amatenga malo amvula - m'mphepete mwa mabanki, m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi ndi m'madzi ozizira. Ndi kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu akhoza kukhala m'minda, minda ndi minda.

Pakati pa kusefukira kwa madzi, amasunthira ku malo ouma komanso abwino kwambiri kuti akhalemo.

Kumadera akummwera, pansi pamtendere, dziko lapansi limatha kubzala chaka chonse. M'madera ena, ndondomekoyi imachitika kuyambira kasupe mpaka autumn, kawiri kapena katatu.

Chiwerengero cha anthu mu mbeu chimadalira nthawi ya moyo wa chinyama - wamkulu wamkazi, ana ambiri angabweretse. Mbewu imasonyezedwa pansi, pansi pa malo okonzeka.

Akafika msinkhu wa mwezi umodzi, achinyamata amayamba kukhala okhaokha.

Muzikhalidwe zabwino, chiwerengero cha makoswe odyera amakula kangapo, ndipo chiwerengero chawo chikhoza kufika Nyama 400 pa hekitala minda.

Njira ya moyo

Ndodo yosonyeza chaka chonse ntchitoM'nyengo yozizira, pafupifupi nthawi zonse ili pansi. Panthawi yamasiku ambiri ntchito imagwira madzulo ndi usiku.

Amatuluka mu dzenje kwa kanthaŵi kochepa chabe, kuchoka pa mtunda wochepa - monga lamulo, pamene akudya zomera pansi.

M'chaka m'nyengo yotentha kwambiri komanso m'nyengo yozizira mawotchi amatuluka kuchokera mkati. Dziko lapansi limene limayamba pamene kukumba mavesi akuponyedwa pamwamba, kumanga milu yaing'ono yamtundu wosiyana siyana ndi kutalika kwake kuchokera kumalo otuluka.

Mitsempha ya pansi pano ili ndi masentimita 10-15 kuchokera pansi. Chisa nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi makina ambiri a labyrinths, chipinda chodyera ndi zidutswa zingapo.

Kusiyanasiyana kwa makoswe ena

Kuchokera ku dothi lakuda ladothi ubweya wofewa wosiyana ndi mchira wawufupi popanda masikelo a annular.

Zimasiyana ndi timadontho ta timadontho ta timadontho ta timadontho ta timadontho ta timadontho ta timadontho ta timadontho tating'ono timene timakhala ndi tizitsulo tating'ono, zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osayenera Ndiponso, makoswe m'nyengo yozizira samapanga hibernate.

Njirazi zimakhala zofanana ndi zojambula za imvi, koma amakhala ndi kutalika kwake - 6-8 masentimita.

Kuvulaza mlimi ndi njira zolimbana

Kuswa kupyola mitsempha, nthawi yomweyo amadya zakudya zonse zomwe zimakumana nazo. Nkhumba ya padziko lapansi imapangitsa kuti nyemba ziwonongeke kwambiri, komanso zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa mpunga panthawi yokolola, thonje, tirigu, balere, mavwende ndi mavwende, kuphatikizapo mavwende ndi mavwende.

Ndiponso kuvulaza mitengo yaying'ono, kugwidwa pansi pazu muzu kolala kapena nibbling makungwa - makamaka nthawi "amapeza" mbalame chitumbuwa, apulo mitengo, msondodzi.

Idya nyama zazing'ono - mbewa za m'munda, nsomba zakhwangwa, mollusks, tizilombo ndi ena. Amasambira mwachidwi ndi kukwera mitengomwa kuwononga zisa za mbalame.

Zingakhazikitsidwe m'nyumba za anthu, kumene zimadya chakudya ndi kudyetsa. Amatha kudumpha m'makoma a matope ndikuyenda pansi.

Adani a chilengedwe cha ntchentche zapadziko lapansi ndi agalu, amphaka, mimbulu, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama zowonongeka, komanso mbalame - zikopa, mphungu, mwezi wamphongo.

• Zida zamakina - izi zikuphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya misampha, misampha, mantha;
• Nyama - Amphaka angapo m'madera omwe makoswe amakhala ndi nthaka sangathe kuwononga anthu onse, koma amatha kuwopsyeza makoswe ndikuwakakamiza kuti achoke kwawo;
• Mankhwala - kupopera mbewu za mpweya woopsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: carbon monoxide, chlorini, kapena zinthu zimaperedwa pa nthaka, ponyenga kuti khola idzafa.

Njira zazikulu - Misampha ndi poizoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati palibe nthawi yochuluka yoopsya. Komabe, ziyenera kunyalidwa mu malingaliro kuti makoswe ndi nyama zanzeru, ndipo sizingagwirizane ndi mawonekedwe ngati iwo awona kuti winawake wamwalira mmenemo.

Komanso, njira zowonongeka zingasokonezenso nyama ndi zomera zina kumadera.

Njira zaumunthu zimaphatikizirapo kupweteka kwa ndodo:

• Akupanga Repeller - kukhazikitsa zipangizo zopangira ultrasound pa webusaitiyi. Izi zimachitika kuti makoswe ena samachita nawo, ndipo amakhalanso osasinthasintha;
• Kusuta - zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa fungo loipa losasangalatsa zimayikidwa mumabowo. Zingakhale zopsereza ubweya, mitolo ya chitsamba chowawa kapena timbewu. Imodzi mwa maulendo okondweretsa ndiyo kuyambira pa gawo la blackberry wakuda, mizu yomwe imatulutsa cyanide m'nthaka, yomwe ili ndi poizoni ndi makoswe;
• Kudzaza mabowo ndi madzi - makoswe am'madzi amasambira bwino, komabe, ayenera kuchoka.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Palibe chifukwa chokayikira pamene mutapeza phokoso ladothi pa malo, momwe mungachotsedwe kuti muzisankha nokha, koma musalole kuti zinthu zitheke - nthawi yochulukirapo, chiwerengero cha anthu chikukhala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zidzakhala zovuta kuchotsa makoswe kwathunthu.

Kutsiliza

Ng'ombe ya padziko lapansi ndi phokoso loopsya lomwe limakhala pamphepete mwa mitsinje, mitsinje, komanso minda ya masamba ndi minda. Amakhala mobisa, kumene amadzimba labyrinths.

Kuwononga kukwera mpunga, balere, tirigu, thonje, mitengo yaing'ono. Njira zogwirira ntchito ndi rodent ndizosiyana, ndipo zimagawanika kukhala zowonongeka (misampha, mpweya wakupha ndi nyambo) ndi anthu (obwezera, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha).