Izi zimatchedwa "udzu". Tchalitchichi chimaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira ku Mediterranean, koma anthu a ku Ulaya sanayamikire poyamba, koma izi zinayamba kutchuka ku Middle East ndi India.
M'zaka za m'ma 1800 ku France, adayamikiridwa ndipo anayamba kutumikira mbale zokhala ndi basil.
M'nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za mitundu yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira yobiriwira ndi chithunzi, momwe mungamerekere kunyumba ndi kumunda. Komanso tidzanena za zothandiza ndi mankhwala katundu wa chomera.
Kodi chomera ichi n'chiyani?
Basil ndi wobiriwira komanso wofiirira. Mitundu ya mitundu yobiriwira imapezeka kwambiri m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. Ku Russia, Caucasus, Asia, nsalu zofiirira zili ponseponse, zomwe, poyerekeza ndi zobiriwira, zimakhala ndi mphamvu yowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziziyamikiridwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale zambiri zakummawa.
Fungo lapamwamba la zonunkhira zobiriwira, komanso zofiira, kutuluka kunja kwa maluwa. Njira yakukula ndi kusamalira zomera zonsezo ndizofanana.
Zithunzi za mitundu ndi mitundu
Kenaka mukhoza kuona zithunzi za mitundu yabwino yobiriwira.
Chovala
Wam'mwambamwamba pakati pa mitundu yonse, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu saladi ndi mbale za nyama.
Basilisk
Kodi zonunkhira zowonjezera za tsabola ndi cloves, zimaphatikizidwa ku masupu ndi marinades.
Chigiriki
Mtsogoleri pakati pa mitundu yobiriwira, monga momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito kophika kokha, komanso monga chokongoletsera cha munda, ali ndi zonunkhira pang'ono zokometsetsa.
Mnyamata wosadzikonda
Bzalani ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono yoyenera kukula miphika ya maluwa.
Lemon
Mafuta obiriwira ndi masamba obiriwira a zonunkhira, oyenera kupanga zokometsera ndi zakumwa.
Gourmet
Amaphatikizidwa ku saladi, marinades, sauces, zabwino zowuma ndi kuzizira.
Palinso mitundu ya caramel, tonus, dziko la Thai, lopatulika.
Zothandiza ndi kuchiritsa katundu
Kotero, kodi mtundu uwu wa zomera uli wothandiza bwanji? Green basil amapeza fungo lake ndi opindulitsa katundu zofunika mafuta, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri mu mbewu. Masamba okhudzana ndi mafuta ofunikira ndi 1.5%. Chifukwa cha ichi, basil ili ndi fungo losangalatsa komanso losangalatsa. Mafutawo ali ndi camphor, lanalol, eugenol, otsimen ndi methyvicvicol.
Masamba ndi zimayambira za zomera zimakhala ndi tanins ndi minerals, glycosides, phytoncides, mavitamini C, PP, B2, komanso rutin ndi carotene, polyunsaturated mafuta acid, phytosterols, mapuloteni ndi mapulosi. Malembo olemera kwambiri amapangitsa chomera kukhala chothandiza kwambiri.
Kuvulaza ndi kutsutsana
Mitundu ya mbewu yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ikuphatikizapo osati phindu lokha, komanso kuvulaza. Basil ali ndi tonic, kotero iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu komanso la mtima, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa komanso omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima.
Basil imatsutsana ndi matenda awa:
- thrombosis m'mphepete;
- thrombophlebitis;
- chithandizo;
- matenda a shuga.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito molakwa zokolola za amayi apakati, koma ndizotheka amayi okalamba ngati mwanayo alibe zotsatira zoipa. Komabe, anthu wathanzi sayenera kudya kwambiri.
Ntchito zotheka
Kodi ndizakudya zotani zomwe ndingapange mwatsopano?
Pafupifupi mbali zonse za basil zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. Mafuta ndi abwino kwambiri kuwonjezera pa nkhuku nyama, ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa, komanso saladi zamasamba.
Green basil amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalima masamba, kukonzekera marinades. Zidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa kukoma kwa zamasamba zofiira ku Bulgaria, tsabola, nkhaka, sikwashi, bowa, ndi sauerkraut.
Masamba, mapesi, mbewu za basil zimawonjezeredwa pokonzekera zakumwa zakumwa. Ndipo tiyi amakhala onunkhira kwambiri ngati, pakamwa, kuwonjezera zitsamba zonunkhira kwa teapot.
Chizindikiro! Monga zonunkhira, basil amavomerezedwa kukhala atsopano komanso masamba okha kumtunda kwa mbeu - ali ndi fungo lapamwamba komanso labwino kwambiri.
Kodi yophika, youma kapena yozizira?
Monga zokometsera, nsomba zobiriwira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, zouma ndi mazira.
Zipangizo zouma zoyenera kuphika nyama ndi masamba, zakumwa. Basil wosungunuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso wouma - kuwonjezera pa saladi, nyama, zakumwa, zosavuta kupanga zojambula zokongoletsa.
Basil, wodzazidwa ndi madzi otentha, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zakumwa za tonic ndi m'nyumba cosmetology. Wiritsani phulusa sikoyenera, chifukwa kuphika kumataya katundu wake wonse.
Azerbaijan amagwiritsa ntchito mbewu za basil, kuwonjezera pa saladi, zakumwa, soups, pates. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera pa mbale pa nthawi yotsiriza - basi njirayi idzapereka kukoma kwake kwapamwamba.
Akatswiri odziwa ntchito akulangiza kuti atenge udzu wonunkhira manja, osati kudula ndi mpeni.
Ntchito mu cosmetology
Kuchokera muzitsamba zazomera zimapanga camphor, eugenol ndi mafuta ofunikira. Mu zonunkhira, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ovumbulutsidwa.
Kodi mungapange bwanji zonunkhira kumunda ndi kunyumba?
Kukula kobiriwira kumakhala kosavuta. Amakula bwino kwambiri m'munda ndi m'maluwa omwe ali pabwalo kapena m'nyumba.
Mbewu
Basil akhoza kufesedwa pang'onopang'ono pansi, koma asanakhalepo kale kuposa June, atatha kubzala mbeuyo mu njira yowonjezera. Mphukira yoyamba imawoneka mu sabata. Ndibwino kuti, chomera chikukula msanga, mu masiku 30-40 zatha kale kuti mutenge zokolola zoyamba.
Mbande
Koma ndi bwino kukula mbande zobiriwira, zomwe zimakonzedweratu pasanafike, kufesa mbewu mu mabokosi okonzeka a nthaka. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mu mwezi wa April kuti abzalitse mbewu pamunda ndi kuyamba kutentha. Pambuyo masiku 7-14, mbande ziwonekere, ndipo pamene masamba 4-6 amakula pamsana, amafesedwa pansi. Mbewu yoyamba ikhoza kukololedwa patatha mwezi ndi hafu, itachotsedwa masamba awiri kuchokera pamwamba pa chomera.
Mwachidule ponena za kuchoka
Kusamalira basil kumaphatikizapo kutsirira kwa nthawi yake, feteleza ndi kumasula nthaka. Sizingatheke kuti kuyanika kwa nthaka komanso kudula kwake kuwonjezeke. Kuti chomerachi chiphuphuke kwambiri, nkofunika kuchotsa mapesi onse a maluwa - izi zidzalola kuti mukolole kangapo nthawi imodzi.
Matenda otheka
Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mafuta ofunikira, basil sagwirizana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, koma nthawi zina zingakhudze:
- "mwendo wakuda";
- Fusarium;
- imvi zowola
Mwa tizirombo koopsa kwa basil ndi aphid, kachirombo ka munda ndi nkhono.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji?
Chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yophika ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Pofuna kusungirako ndikugwiritsa ntchito pophika kuphika kumtunda kwa mbeu, yomwe imayikidwa pamthunzi. Kusungirako nyengo yosungidwa kumasungidwa mu galasi kapena zotengera za ceramic.
Ngati nsalu yatsopanoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ikhoza kusungidwa m'firiji, kuika mu mtsuko wa madzi. Kapena kudula masamba, yatsukeni, kuika mu thumba la pulasitiki, pafupi ndi mtolo ndi kusunga firiji. Basil yoteroyo ikhoza kusungidwa kwa masiku atatu.
Pakuti nyengo yozizira ikhoza kukhala yozizira. Kuti muchite izi, yambani masamba, awume, onetsetsani pamapepala, ndipo akamawombera, awungeni mu thumba losungunuka bwino ndi kuwasunga mufiriji.
Basil ndi yodalirika ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi zitsamba zina, zomwe zimapatsa mbale zowonjezera. Zikhoza kuphatikiza ndi rosemary, parsley, thyme, marjoram, coriander, timint ndi tarragon.
