"Tunbergiya" - chomera chosatha chosatha.
Pamene kukukula kumafuna zothandizira kwambiri.
Zimayankha bwino kumwamba, kuvala kawirikawiri ndi kuyatsa bwino.
Amakonda minda yokhala ndi mpanda wolimba.
Mbiri ya
Tunbergia adatchulidwa dzina lake polemekeza wofufuza zachilengedwe wa ku Sweden wa zaka za XVIII-XIX. Karl Peter Thunberg, wotchedwa "bambo wa zakudya zaku South Africa". Anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18. Pambuyo pake, mitundu imeneyi idatchulidwa kangapo ndi zomera, koma masiku ano adadziwika kwambiri ndi dzina loyamba, limene wasayansi wina, Carl Linley, anapereka ku chomerachi pofuna kulemekeza Thunberg.
Kulongosola kwakukulu kwa zomera
"Tunbergiya" - chomera chokongola chomera. Dziko lakwawo ndi South Africa. Zosatha zingapezeke pachilumba cha Madagascar, Korea, Japan, Australia.
Pali subspecies zoposa 200. Dzina lachilatini: Thunbergia. Icho chiri cha banja la Acanthaceae. Maluwa otchulidwa kuti amalemekeza zachilengedwe komanso wofufuza Carl Peter Thunberg. Komanso chifukwa cha lilac pakatikati pa duwa, chomerachi chimatchedwa "maso a Black Black".
Sizomveka kudzala chomera pamtunda.ngati nyengo yozizira imadula mizu. Choncho, duwa "Tunbergiya" limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati letitia. Yemwe akuyimira zomerazi amatha kulima m'minda, malo odyera, ovala loggias, mabala komanso zipinda zamkati.
Pankhaniyi, mbewuyo idzakhala yosatha. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azilima mozungulira. Chomera chikusowa chithandizo chokwanira. Kutalika "Tunbergiya" kumafikira mamita oposa 2.5 mamita.
Chomeracho chikhoza kukhala ngati chitsamba kapena mpesa wambiri. Masamba otchinga ndi ovunda kapena mawonekedwe a mitima. Kutalika kufika pamasentimita 3-11, malingana ndi subspecies.
Pamphepete mwa timapepala timagwedezeka. Maluwa mwa mawonekedwe a funnels. 3-5 masentimita awiri. Maluwa ali pamphepete mwa mapesi.
Angakhale osakwatira kapena osonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences wandiweyani. Mitundu ya maluwa ndi yosiyana: yoyera, lilac, yaikazi, amber, bulauni, wofiirira, maroon.
Mitundu ina ya subspecies imapatsidwa mphamvu yowonjezera. Maluwa amapezeka kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi
Grandiflora
Buluu (zambiri-flowered) imatuluka kuchokera kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India. Chilengedwechi chikupezeka ku China, Nepal, Bhutan. Ichi ndi chomera chobiriwira chomwe chili ndizitali, kukwera mphukira. Masamba a mitundu iyi amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe ukhoza kukhala wosalala kapena wosindikiza, m'mphepete mwawo umagwedezeka. Maluwa a chomerachi ndi aakulu (mpaka 10 masentimita), kawirikawiri amakula mu maburashi wandiweyani, koma amakhalanso okhaokha. Mitundu yonse imakhala yayikulu kwambiri, kuyambira yoyera ndi ya buluu kupita ku buluu, yofiirira ndi yofiira.
Ambiri-otsika tunbergia amakula ngati chomera chokongola m'madzi ofunda ndi chinyezi. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti maluwawo akuzizira, m'nyengo yozizira ndi kofunika kuyang'anira kutentha - sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 12 ° C, ndipo mu chilimwe muyenera kupewa kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Mapulasitiki
Kokometsera - chomera chowoneka ngati mtengo wa mpesa wokhala ndi kutalika kwa mamita 6. Masamba a katatu omwe ali pamwamba amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndi wotsika pansi, wokhala pakati. Maluwawo ndi osakwatiwa, oyera, mpaka masentimita asanu m'litali. Amakonda kutseka usiku ndipo amamasula kachiwiri dzuwa likadzuka. Mbali yaikulu ya mtundu uwu ndi fungo labwino, lokoma la maluwa.
Mysorensis
Mizorenskaya (Mysore) nayenso akuchokera ku India ndipo mwina ndi membala wodabwitsa kwambiri m'banja. M'chilengedwe chake chachilengedwe, phesi-liana ya Mysore tunbergia ikhoza kufika mamita khumi. Masamba - ambiri, yaitali, wobiriwira.
Mbali yaikulu ya mitundu iyi ndi maluwa osadziwika. Popachika mababu mpaka mamita awiri m'litali, mithunzi yofiira ndi yalanje imakula maluwa, mawonekedwe ake omwe amafanana ndi pakamwa pa njoka. Kufanana kumakhala kochuluka kwambiri chifukwa chotsatira kutsanzira mano a nsagwada.
Alata
Winged amatchedwanso: "Susan wakuda-maso." Analandira dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a maluwa. Mbalame yoyera, yachikasu ndi ya lalanje, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mapiko a gulugufe, ndipo pakatikati pamakhala palizing'ono zakuda zomwe zimawoneka ngati diso.
Mu chilengedwe, mpesa wa zomera izi ukhoza kukula kufika mamita 6. Mu nyengo yathu, mapiko a tunbergia amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amatha kufika mamita 2.5. Kawirikawiri amakula kuchokera ku mbewu, monga chaka chomera.
Erecta yowongoka
Kumadzulo kwa Africa amaonedwa kuti ndiwo malo obadwira mmunda uwu komanso ku Ulaya nyengo iyi imapezeka kawirikawiri. Ndi shrub yowonjezera yomwe mphukira yake imatha kutalika kwa mamita limodzi ndi hafu. Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha msewu uwu ndi chakuti nthawi yomwe zimayambira zimatha, choncho, akakula, ayenera kumangiriridwa ku zikhomo.
Mafuta - serrated, mtundu wa lanceolate. Maluwawo ndi osakwatira ndipo ali ndi mtundu wofiirira ndi malo ochepa achikasu m'munsi.
Kusamalira kwanu
Zotsatira zogula
Musagule chomera m'nyengo yozizira.
Popeza panthawiyi chomera chimabwera nthawi yopumula, ndipo chimatha kutulutsa masamba.
M'nyengo yozizira, duwa imafuna kutentha kwakukulu ndi kusamala.
Ambiri ogula, akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri, aponyeni chomera mumsewu.
Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula osatha m'nyengo ya masika kapena chilimwe.
Kudulira
Pamene mukupanga ndikofunikira kuchotsa ofooka zimayambira ndi maluwa ouma. Panthawi ya kukula kwa zomera zotsalirazi ziyenera kutumizidwa m'njira yoyenera. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito chithandizo ndi waya. Musagwiritse ntchito zipangizo zakutchire. Kuchotsa mchere kungathe kuwononga thanzi la zomera.
Kuthirira
Chomera chimakonda kusamalitsa madzi okwanira. Koma kuyambira pachiyambi cha maluwa pakatikati pa mwezi wa Julai, izi zinakula kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, duwa imafuna chinyezi china.
Apo ayi, nthumwi iyi ya zomera idzayamba kupukuta masamba ndi masamba osatsegulidwa. Maluwa akhoza kuyamba kutha. Kutentha, chiweto chimakonda kupopera mankhwala kuchokera ku sprayer. Njirayi imapangidwa bwino madzulo.
Kuwaza
Kuwongolera kumachitika pokhapokha ngati mukukula pakhomo.
Ndikofunika kusankha zida zomwe zili zazikulu.
Nthaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kugula nyumba zamaluwa kapena kukongoletsa cacti.
Nkofunika kuti dziko lapansi laphonya mpweya ndi madzi. Kusambira kuchokera ku miyala yachilengedwe kapena dongo lokwanira kumatsanulira pansi. Thirani nthaka yakuda ndikuyika chomeracho. Madzi ambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Mukhoza kudyetsa feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni. Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito: 1 nthawi mu masiku 14.
Koma nthawi yamaluwa imaletsedwa kudyetsa chomera. Izi zidzasokoneza kukula kwachangu ndi maluwa ambiri.
Kutentha
Chomeracho ndi thermophilic. Zimakula bwino kutentha kwa 23 ° C.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 15 ° C. Maluwa amakonda mpweya wonyezimira. Kutentha, pambali pake, mukhoza kuika chidebe ndi madzi kapena osungunula moss. Chomeracho chimakonda zipinda zabwino zedi.
Kuunikira
Chomera chimakhala chowala chowala. Sungakhoze kukhala motalika dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, amasankha zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Tikufika
Kulima pamalo otseguka kapena m'malo obiriwira kumakhala kumapeto kwa nyengo. Ndikofunika kuyembekezera kuundana. Apo ayi, mbewuyo idzaundana.
Kwa woyimirira wa firime, nkofunika kupeza malo otetezedwa ku zojambula ndi kuwatsogolera dzuwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu kumbali ya kumpoto, popeza "Tunbergia" sichimakonda mthunzi nthawi zonse. Amakula mwakuya mu nthaka. Amakonda nthaka yolimbitsa thanzi.
Dziko lapansi lopaka chimbudzi ndi lofulidwa limafufuzidwa pasadakhale pamalo osankhidwa okwera. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa woimira firimu pamtunda wa 35-40 masentimita.
Musanayambe kuyika kofunika kukhazikitsa chithandizo cholimba. Mungagwiritse ntchito magalasi kapena waya wokhotakhota. Ndi iwo, mphesa zokwawa zidzakula kapena kumbali. Pambuyo pokhala malowa mumakhala madzi ambiri. Maluwa amapezeka masiku 30-100 mutabzala.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kumayamba kubala kumapeto kwa February - oyambirira March. Mbewu yolima imayenera kuchitidwa ndi "fumar" kapena "epin." Amafesedwa miphika ndi nthaka yonyowa. Chomerachi chiyenera kukhala ndi nthaka, peat ndi mchenga wabwino kwambiri.
Mphepete mwa maluwa a Leaflands, humus ndi coarse mtsinje angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mbewu imabzalidwa pakati pa thanki. Amamwetsedwa ndi nthaka yakuda ndi yothira utsi. Pangani mini-wowonjezera kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha kwenikweni.
Chomera chimaphimbidwa ndi zitini, matumba apulasitiki kapena mabotolo apulasitiki. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kulola tangilolololo kuti lilowe mu dzuwa. Mphamvu imayikidwa pawindo.
Ndikofunika kuti malowa aziwoneka bwino, otentha, opanda ma drafts.
Nthaka mu thanki nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala mumtunda wambiri.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kukula ndi 21-23 ° C.
Muli bwino, mphukira yoyamba iyenera kuonekera pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Pambuyo maonekedwe a masamba a mini-wowonjezera kutentha oyera. Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono chizoloŵezi cha kutentha.
Tizilombo
Zitha kukhudzidwa ndi nthata za akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, whiteflies ndi ziphuphu. Tizilombo tonse tawonongeka ndi mankhwala kupopera mbewu mankhwala. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa "actellic" ndi "fitoverm". Pakati pa kupopera mbewu mankhwala: masiku 7-14. Chiwerengero cha magawo opangira: 1-4. Kawiri kawiri zomera sizingathe kutsukidwa. Mankhwala angasokoneze thanzi la zomera ndi anthu angapo omwe amakhala.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo kupopera maluwa ayenera kusungidwa kutali ndi ana ndi ziweto. Ngati Tunbergia ikulowa m'thupi, nkofunika kuti mwamsanga mufunse dokotala.
Matenda
Nthawi zina zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal.
Matendawa amachiritsidwa ndi fungicides.
Malo okhudzidwa ndi timapepala ndi maluwa ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ndiponso amene akuyimira zomera akhoza kudwala chifukwa cha chisamaliro cholakwika.
Pamene nkhungu zobiriwira zimawonekera pa nthambi, maluwa kapena masamba, m'pofunika kusiya kupopera mbewu mankhwala ndi kuthirira. Chomeracho chimaikidwa m'mitsuko yatsopano ndikusandutsa nthaka.
Pamene akuwonekera akuwombera ndi masamba osabala bwino, maluwawo amawongedwanso kapena amaikidwa m'malo owala kwambiri. Kukula kochepa kwa masamba kumasonyeza kukula kwakukulu.
Kodi ndi motani momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito
Chifukwa cha kuyambira kwa zimayambira, chomerachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wamaluwa. Tunbergia imakula bwino ndipo mwamsanga imapeza mtundu wobiriwira, kukulunga kuzungulira mipanda kapena trellis ikuwombera mtundu wodzaza. "Chochititsa chidwi" cha mzindawo ndi maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowala, yosiyana ndi wina ndi mzake ndi kupereka zochitika za ungwiro.
Kuphatikiza pa zokongoletsera za kukongola kwa malo, izi Chomerachi chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa mankhwala achikhalidwe, komanso cosmetology:
- monga antipyretic ndi chilonda machiritso,
- kuti normalize madzi-lipid mlingo,
- kuchotsa poizoni m'thupi,
- monga zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera,
- kuchepetsa ukalamba, kutsitsa makwinya, ndi zina zotero.
"Tunbergiya" - liana yobiriwira maluwa. Chomera chimakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, kuwonjezera feteleza, kawirikawiri kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Amatha kukula m'nyumba, greenhouses ndi zomera zamaluwa. Mukamabzala pamalo omasuka ndi pachaka.
