Cleoma: kufotokozera, kuyika, kusamalira

Cleoma ndi wa banja la Cleom order Kabichi. Anthu adamucha iye kangaude chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a masamba. Chimakhala m'malo omwe kumatentha komanso kotentha padziko lonse lapansi. Mitundu ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 200. Komabe, popanga mawonekedwe amitundu, ena a iwo ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Cleoma

Ichi ndi chitsamba chamtchire kapena chosatha kapena chitsamba chotalika mpaka 1.5 m. Rhizomes ndi zimayambira zamphamvu. Mphukira zamphukira, zokutidwa ndiifupi pang'onopang'ono.

Masamba a malachite opepuka amakhala okonzedwa mosiyanasiyana pa tsinde. Zosavuta kapena zovuta, chidutswa chimodzi, chachitali, mzere. Pa mphukira imodzi imamera kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 7 zidutswa. Zonenepa zomwe zili pamwamba ndizokwanira komanso zazing'ono. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi mitsempha kumunsi kwa masamba.

Maluwa a mawonekedwe olondola, ophatikizidwa mu cystiform inflorescence pamutu pamatunda apamwamba. Ali ndi ma stamens apamwamba ofanana ndi kangaude. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana: yoyera-yofiirira, yofiirira, yamtambo kapena ya lilac. Maluwa amatha kuchitika nthawi yonse ya chilimwe.

Masamba amatulutsa fungo labwino. Sizowoneka ngati duwa ndipo anthu samazikonda. Komabe, panja pamakhala povuta. Koma fungo loipali limasokoneza tizirombo, koma limakopa ma pollinator achilengedwe - mileme yakochepa. Pambuyo maluwa, mapangidwe a polysperm yokhala ndi chisa chimodzi, mpaka 3 mm kutalika.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya Cleoma

Pangani mitundu iwiri: Hassler ndi Prickly. M'malo achilengedwe, iwo amakula madera otentha Akumwera. Amereka. Kutengera pa iwo, ma hybrids ambiri okhala ndi zokongola komanso zamtambo zazitali adadulidwa. Amasiyana m'mitundu yamitundu. Mitundu yokongola kwambiri:

Kukula Cleoma

Zimadulidwa kokha kwa mbewu. Zitha kufesedwa nthawi yomweyo pamunda wabwino kapena mbande zomwe sizinakhalepo kale. Njira yachiwiri ndiyabwino, chifukwa maluwa akhoza kuonedwa kale.

Kubzala Cleome

Ntchito yofesa mbande imachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja:

• Kukulani nyemba mu nsalu yonyowa ndi malo okuthamangitsira kwa theka la tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, ku Epin kapena Heteroauxin (300 ml ya madzi, madontho angapo a mankhwalawo).
• Dzazani mitsuko ndi humus, dothi lamunda ndi mchenga (2: 2: 1). Zotengera za Peat zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
• Finyani nyemba mu dothi.
• Fizirani pamwamba ndi nthaka yotsala (1.5 cm).
• Phimbani ndi galasi kapena polyethylene kuti mupange malo obiriwira.
• Tsiku ndi tsiku chotsani pogona kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino komanso kunyowetsa nthaka kuchokera mfuti yolusa.
• Mphukira zimamera pakatha masiku 14-20.

Kusamalira Mbewu

Mukakulitsa mbande, pogona pake pazichotsedwamo ndipo chidebecho chimasunthidwa kumalo opepuka kwambiri mchipindacho. Pambuyo pa kulowa kwa dzuwa, muyenera kupanga zowonjezera zowunikira ndi phytolamp. Kuthirira si nthawi zambiri, koma ochulukitsa. Onetsetsani kuti kumtunda sikuuma.

Tchire zikakulirakulira, onjezerani njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate m'nthaka. Onjezerani kuchuluka kwa madzi othirira, chotsani magetsi ena.

Pambuyo pakupanga masamba awiri enieni a masamba, ndikulowetsani makapu ang'onoang'ono a peat, ndikukumba osakaniza ndi dothi mpaka masamba oyamba atatuluka. Pambuyo pa masiku 10 mpaka 14 dive, yambitsani feteleza wovuta wa mchere. Itha kugulidwa m'malo ogulitsa maluwa onse. Gwiritsani ntchito ½ ya mlingo womwe ukuwonetsedwa pa phukusi. Nthawi ndi nthawi mumazungulira mphikawo kuti ukhale ndi dzuwa kuti cheza chimgwera pambewu zonse ndipo zimakula chimodzimodzi.

Kubzala Cleoma poyera

Musanagwedezeke pamalo okhazikika, mphukira ziyenera kukhazikika: sabata isanakwere, yambani kutulutsa mphindi 30-60 mumsewu, ndikuwonjezera nthawi. Chifukwa cha izi, tchire likhala chitetezo chokwanira, sizikhala zowawa.

Nthawi yayitali

Tikukula poyera malo akuchitika mutatenthetsa nthaka, pomwe usiku chisanu sutha. Pakatikati pa dziko lathu, izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.

Tekinolo yakunyumba

Malowa ayenera kusankhidwa ndi dzuwa, lotsekedwa ndi mphepo yozizira. Tchire limakula bwino pam michere, nthaka yothira ndi pH yapakati. Mukamayikapo gawo lapansi pamalo opanda chonde muyenera kukumba ndi manyowa (1 ndowa pa mita imodzi) ndikuthira feteleza wamaluwa wamaluwa m'miyala (2 zikuluzikulu zazikulu pa mita imodzi).

Tikufika mbali imodzi ndi imodzi:

• Spray mbande ndi Epin-Extra ndi Cytovit molingana ndi malangizo.
• Ikani mphukira mu maenje obzala limodzi ndi miphika ya peat.
• Siyani mtunda wa pakati pa 0.5-0.7 m pakati pa tchire. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zisapangike nkhokwe zambiri, sizikhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, maluwa anali okongola.
• Thirani humate pansi pazoyambira.

Cleome Care

Kubzala ndi kusamalira maluwa ndikosavuta, muyenera kungotsatira malamulo ndi malangizo a kukula:

Cleoma atatha maluwa

Chifukwa kubereka kumachitika pokhapokha ngati njere, mutafota inflorescence ndikofunikira kutola mbewu kuti ibzalire masika. Muyenera kuchita izi mu kugwa, akadzakula.

Kudziwa kukonzekera mbewu ndikosavuta. Amatembenuka chikasu kapena zofiirira, kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa, kufika 15 mm.

Pambuyo pakucha, nyemba zosankhwima zimaphulika ndipo zomwe zili mkati zimatha. Pofuna kuti musaphonye mfundo yofunika iyi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kumangiriza polysyedia ndi gauze. Kenako mbewuzo sizikhala pamtunda, koma mthumba, sizifunikira kusungidwa.

Kufesa zinthu zitha kuyikidwa mu December mu dothi losakanizika ndi 15 mm ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce mpaka masika. Chifukwa cha izi, njere zimayenda modzidzimutsa ndi kuzizira. Mtsogolomo, tchire lidzakhala chitetezo chokwanira.

M'dziko lathu, guluu limakonda kulima ngati pachaka. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yamasamba ikatha, chitsamba chimatayidwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Chifukwa cha kununkhira kwake kwapadera, duwa silikuwombedwa ndi tizilombo toopsa. Cleoma ndi osowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zolakwa posamalira: kuyandikira kwa matupi amadzi, chinyezi chambiri, chithandizo ndi zida zosalimba, etc. Ngati chilichonse chichitidwa molondola ndikumera, chitsamba sichingakhudzidwe ndi zotupa zosiyanasiyana.

Osowa kwambiri, pamtchire, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kukhala ndi moyo. Ndiosavuta kuzizindikira ndi izi:

• wobiriwira kapena madontho osunthira amdima;
• punctation pa masamba;
• zokutira
• kupotoza, kutalika kwa masamba;
• kusowa kwa maluwa kapena kufuna koyambira masamba.

Polimbana ndi tizirombo tothandizirana:

• Chochapa sopo wothira: perekani kapu ya 150-300 g ndikutsanulira 10 l a madzi otentha. Chotsetsani chilichonse bwino ndikuonetsetsa kuti mulibe tinthu tambiri tambiri m'madzimo, titha kupangitsa kuti ma greens ayake.
• Garlic tincture: mince mmera. Sakanizani ndi madzi ofanana. Ikani malo otentha kwa milungu ingapo. Kuchepetsa ndi madzi (10 ml pa 50 ml) ndikuthandizira gawo la mlengalenga.
• Adani achilengedwe: mphutsi zawo zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera (mwachitsanzo, ladybugs, lacewings, mitundu ina ya mavu).
• Mankhwala oopsa: Entobacterin, Fitoverm, Biotlin ndi ena.

Ndi chinyezi chambiri, chitsamba chimatha kuthana ndi zowola. Ndi matendawa, nthangala ndi zodulira zimayamba kuda, ndipo patapita kanthawi zimavunda. Amadziwika ndi izi:

• malo ogona;
• kuyanika kwa msipu, mawonekedwe a zopinga;
• masamba ofota, mawonekedwe amtundu wa bulauni pa iwo, pamapeto pake amakhala akuda komanso olimba;
• kutsika.

Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, chitsamba sichitha kupulumuka, chikuyenera kuwonongeka kuti tipewe matenda ena. Ngati matendawa angoyamba kumene chitukuko, ndiye kuti madera omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kudulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Pambuyo pake, chitani chitsamba ndi Trichovitis, Fundazole, Topaz kapena othandizira ena.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudzi kwawo amadziwitsa: cleoma m'malo owonekera

Duwa limawoneka labwino kwambiri pakubzala palokha komanso maluwa osiyanasiyana. Cleoma ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi:

• fungo lonunkhira;
• Lavater;
• maluwa;
• marigolds ndi zina zapadera.

Tchire tambiri timagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira hedge kapena kupanga maziko a dimba la maluwa. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, choyera chidzakongoletsa mundawo ndi maluwa ake kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembala.