Radish ndi wamba masamba ndi wathanzi ndi yowutsa mudyo mizu masamba. Choncho, pansi pake nthawi zambiri amapatsa malo m'minda. Pali mitundu isanu ndi itatu ya mitundu iyi ya mtundu wa radish (Raphanus sativus L.) wa banja la Cruciferous. Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo mbewu zapachaka ndi zabwino.
Fomu zakutchire zimakula ku Ulaya, Western Asia ndi North Africa. Mitundu ya Radishi imagawidwa ku Ulaya ndi Asia (Kum'mawa). Pa matebulo athu ndi minda, anthu a ku Ulaya amapezeka nthawi zambiri, pamene kum'maŵa, kuphatikizapo mitundu iwiri - Japan (daikon) ndi Chinese (lobo), ndi ochepa. Koma pachabe. Iwo ali bwino mu kulawa, amakhala ndi mizu yayikulu popanda kuwawa, ndipo safunanso chisamaliro chapadera. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za momwe tingakhalire lobo radish.
Mukudziwa? Poyamba, radish ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kwa mankhwala: idagwiritsidwa ntchito pokakokera ndi kusokonezeka kwa kapangidwe kakang'ono ka m'mimba, kutayika tsitsi. Kuyambira zaka za m'ma IV ku Igupto wakale, idayamba kudyedwa ngati masamba.
Kufotokozera radish lobo
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone izi: Lobo radish - ndi chiyani ndi zomwe amadyidwamo. Zomera za mtundu wa China ndi zazikulu, zozungulira kapena zochepa. Amatha kufika pamtunda wa magalamu 500 ndi pamwamba (zolembera zolemera makilogalamu angapo). Mu mtundu, iwo ndi osiyana: kuwala ndi mdima wofiira, pinki, wofiira, wofiirira, kumtunda - nthawi zonse wobiriwira. 
Lobo muzu wa zamasamba amawonetsa zokoma, zosakhwima, zofooka, zopanda ululu, zomwe zimapezeka ku Ulaya mitundu yomwe ili ndi mafuta ambiri a mpiru. Kudya kumafanana ndi kukoma kwa radish.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo ya ku Asia imatha kudyedwa mwatsopano, yophika, yophika, yamchere, yophikidwa ndi youma.Lobo ali ndi mwayi winanso poyerekezera ndi mitundu ya ku Ulaya - imakula kale: mu masiku 60-90. Koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri komanso osati motalika kwambiri.
Ponena za kukonza chakudya, mitundu yonse ya radishes imathandizanso. Amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kuyeretsa impso ndi chiwindi, kuchotsa cholesterol ndi madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi, kuti azidyetsedwa ndi vitamini C. Mizu ya Radish imatha kuyimitsa chimbudzi ndipo imayambitsa matenda.
Mbeu za Lobo zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo pansi pa mayina angapo: "Margilan radish", "Chinese radish", "Lobo radish". Pofuna kukula m'mlengalenga, mitundu yabwino kwambiri Troyandova ndi Lebidka.
Zosiyanasiyana Lebidka. Yakhala ndi mizu yoyera, yomwe imakhala yolemera pafupifupi 520-580 g, ndi mchere wambiri wambiri. Zokonda pa mchere zimatchulidwa ndi mfundo zisanu. Nyengo yokula ndi masiku 86-91. Kukonzekera - 70-80 kg / 10 sq. m. radish iyi ikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. 
Zosiyanasiyana za Troyandova. Lili ndi mizu yozungulira ya pinki, yomwe imakhala yolemera kwambiri ya 670-700 g, ndi yovuta kwambiri. Kulawa ndi kosangalatsa, kumatchulidwa pazitu 4.9. Nthawi ya zomera ndi masiku 80-82. Kupanga - 64-67 kg / 10 sq. M. Kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. 
Ngati Lobo radish ndi ndondomeko yake ikukukhudzani inu, ndiye tikupempha kuti tiphunzire za kulima ndi kusamalira. Nthawi yomweyo, timadziwa kuti chomeracho ndi chodzichepetsa komanso chimakwera mpaka kumunda wamaluwa.
Kodi amakonda radish lobo
Kawirikawiri, lobo si chikhalidwe chovuta. Sili ndi makonda apadera omwe amapanga nthaka, kuwala, kutentha. Chinthu chokha chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi chinyezi chabwino cha nthaka ndi mpweya.
Chinese lobo radish ndi zomera zopanda kuzizira. Mbeu zake zimayamba kumera pa kutentha kwa ... +3 ° C. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa maonekedwe akuphulika ndi 20-25 ° C. Komabe, ngakhale mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kutulutsa chisanu ku -3 ° -4 ° C. Radish wolimba amafika pa -5 ° -6 ° C, koma osati kwa nthawi yayitali. Mizu yazomera nthawi zambiri imakhala pa 5+ +25 ° С. Komabe, amakula bwino pa 18 ... +20 ° С.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kutentha kwapamwamba kumaonekera kwa nthawi yaitali, nyengo imakhala youma, mizu ikhoza kukula, youma ndi yowawa kulawa.
Yabwino otsogolera radish lobo
Popeza lodish radish imakhala ndi matenda ofanana ndipo imakhala ndi tizilombo tofanana ndi mbeu zina za banja lake lopanda mimba, siliyenera kubzala pambuyo pa kabichi, radishes, komanso kaloti, beets, horseradish. Otsogolera abwino adzakhala adyo, anyezi, nkhaka, nyemba, katsabola, mbatata. Ikhoza kufesedwa mwamsanga mutatha kukolola mbewu zoyambirira kapena kubzala mzere pakati pa mbatata, anyezi, nkhaka, ndi zina zotero.
Kumalo amodzi kumene Lobo radish kapena mitengo ina yamtengo wapatali imakula, imatha kubzalidwa patatha zaka zitatu kapena zinai.
Kaya radish ndi yopsereza
Radishi imakula kukula bwino, ndi chomera cha maola ambiri a masana. Komabe, izi sizomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukula kwake kukule bwino komanso kukhale ndi fruiting yabwino.
Nthaka kwa kukula radish lobo
Mitundu ya Chitchaina imatha kumera pa nthaka iliyonse, koma imakhala yabwino pa mchere wa mchenga wolemera kapena umakhala ndi asidi osalowerera. 
Mukudziwa? Lobo radish ndi yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha zakudya zamtenda (mavitamini, mchere wamchere, michere, zakudya zamtengo wapatali, mafuta ofunikira), machiritso, mphamvu yosunga kukoma kwake kwa nthawi yaitali ndikusawonongeka.
Kubzala Lobo radish
Malo oti kulima radish Lobo ayenera kutsukidwa mosamala namsongole ndi manyowa. Kuvala pamwamba pa nthaka, humus (4-5 makilogalamu / 1 sq. M.), Ammonium nitrate ndi superphosphate (15-20 g / 1 sq. M.), potaziyamu kloride (5-10 g / 1 sq. M.) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo pa umuna, nthaka iyenera bwino kukumba ndi madzi.
Popeza lobo ndi mochedwa mosiyanasiyana, ndi bwino kulima muwiri: mu zaka khumi zoyambirira za Meyi, m'zaka khumi zoyambirira kapena ziwiri za July.
Ndikofunikira! Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kufesa, pamene masiku akadali ochepa, pali chiopsezo kuti chomeracho chidzapita ku tsinde ndipo chidzadutsa gawo la kupanga mbewu.
Choyamba, pangani tizilombo tating'ono tomwe timapuma bwino. Mtunda pakati pa mizere iyenera kukhala masentimita 45. Kufesa kumapangidwa malinga ndi 45 x 10 cm. Mbewu imamera m'nthaka ndi 1.5-2.5 masentimita, ndipo amazaza ndi nthaka ndi kukwapulidwa ndi kanjedza. Zofesedwa pa mlingo wa 3-5 g wa mbewu pa 1 lalikulu. M) Kuwunikira kuyambanso kumera kwa mbeu kungakhale ndi filimu.Muzikhalidwe zabwino, mphukira zoyamba zimaonekera masiku asanu, otsiriza - mu sabata. M'tsogolo, mbande zidzafuna kupatulira. Nthawi yoyamba ndondomekoyi ikuchitika mu gawo la masamba awiri kapena atatu enieni, m'chiwiri - mwezi. Kuti zitheke bwino, zomera ziyenera kukhala patalika masentimita 20 kuchokera pamzake.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi achinyamata samatetezedwe ku chiwopsezo cha tizirombo monga cruciferous utitiri, ndizofunikira kuwachitira ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena kuwaza nkhuni phulusa (kapena phulusa losakaniza ndi fodya, phulusa ndi laimu mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1). Kutentha ndi phulusa kungayambe mwamsanga pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuwonekera. Izo zidzawatengera iwo kangapo. Ngati mukufuna mankhwala, mungagwiritse ntchito Ridomil (10 g / 10 l madzi), Decis (5 g / 10 l madzi), Bi-58 (5 g / 10 l madzi), ndi zina zotero. Kugwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza ntchito: 3 l / 100 sq. m
Kodi kusamalira radish lobo
Lobo mutabzala kudzafuna chidwi chenicheni, ndipo chisamalirocho chidzakhala ku ulimi wothirira, feteleza, kumasula ndi kuthirira nthaka, komanso chitetezo ku tizirombo. 
Kodi kuthirira radish
Radishi imagwirizana ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi, choncho iyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuthirira koyenera kumakhala nthawi yowuma ndi yotentha.
Tulutsani nthaka makamaka kamodzi pa sabata ku kuya kwa masentimita 8-10. Musanyalanyaze kupalira mmera ndi udzu kuchotsa.
Mbali za fetereza ya Chinese radish
Pansi pa kubzala radish lobo fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo pa nyengo - makamaka katatu kapena kanayi pakapita masiku 10-15. Ikani nayitrogeni okhala ndi zokutira. Mlingo wawo woyamba (m'nthawi ya masamba atatu kapena anayi) ndi 15-20 g / 10 l madzi.
Mukamayendetsa kachiwiri ndi kachitatu, muyenera kuwonjezera feteleza ndi potaziyamu. Mukhozanso kupanga superphosphate (10 g). 
Ndikofunikira! Kuvala pamwamba kumaphatikizapo kuthirira.
Tizilombo towononga radish lobo
Radish Lobo ndi bwino kuphunzitsidwa ulimi kulima ndi njira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa makamaka matenda ndi tizirombo. Komabe, izi zimachitika. Ali ndi mavuto ofanana ndi onse opondereza. Choncho, amatha kudwala matenda monga kila, fusarium, bacteriosis.
Kuchokera ku majeremusi kukamenyana ndi chikondi chake khungu la chipatso cha cruciferous, rapseed kachilomboka kachilomboka, kabichi ndi mphukira ntchentche, kabichi ndi chigwiriro cha kugwiriridwa, ndi zina zotero.
Cruciferous utitiri - imodzi mwa tizilombo toopsa kwambiri, chifukwa ingathe kuwononga mbewu zazing'ono masiku angapo. Hibernate pansi pa zowonongeka za zomera ndi m'nthaka. Tulukani kuti mupulumuke mu April. Idyani masamba, ndikuwongolera pamabowo.
Tinalemba kale za kukonzeratu kwa mbande. Komanso pofuna kupewa, ndikofunika nthawi ndi nthawi kumasula nthaka ndi kumenyana ndi namsongole. Ngati nthitiyi ikumenyana ndi radish, mumatha kuopseza, ndikuwaza mobwerezabwereza zomera zomwe zimayambitsa zowawa zamtengo wapatali, fodya, ndi fumbi ndi phulusa. Njira zoterozo zimatenga osachepera katatu, ndi masiku osachepera 4-5. 
Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu popanda tizilombo tololedwa sitingathe kuchita. Komabe, mankhwala ochizira mankhwala ayenera kuimitsidwa osachepera mwezi umodzi musanakolole.
Njira zofananazi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuukira tizirombo tina. Pa nthawi yomweyo yesetsani kuyambitsa ndi njira zabwino: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kupopera mbewu za tizilombo, kupukuta ndi phulusa, fumbi, fodya, ndi zina.
Radish Lobo: Kukolola
Mizu ya radish Lobo iyenera kuchotsedwa isanafike chisanu - zokolola zimachitika m'zaka khumi kapena zitatu za mwezi wa October. Ngati chisanu chikupeza Lobo m'nthaka, chikhoza kuwononga chipatso. Mizu ya Radishi imachotsedwa pansi pa nsonga za maluwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafosholo. Masamba a radish okololedwa ndi oyenera kudyetsa ziweto. Mu radish, yomwe ikukonzekera kusungirako nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuti musayese nsongazo, koma kupotoza. Pa nthawi yomweyo, tsinde la masentimita 2 liyenera kukhala.
Kuti Lobo asunge kukoma kwake ndi maonekedwe ake ataliatali, ayenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa kutentha kwa + 2 +3 ° С ndi chinyezi cha 80-90%. Pansi pa mabokosi ogwiritsira ntchito yosungirako, mchenga, kapena kuwatsanulira. Ndikofunika kupewa kuzizira masamba. Ndi yosungirako bwino, radish lobo akhoza kukhala mpaka masika.
