Kutentha-wachikondi chitumbuwa ndi loyera - Podbelskaya kalasi

Kukolola yamatcheri m'dziko lathu kumakhala kotchuka kwambiri. Pakati pa mitundu yomwe ilipo, mitundu yonse ya zinthu monga chitumbuwa Podbelskaya.

Ndikofunika kuti pakhale chisamaliro, zokolola zabwino, komanso kukoma kwake.

Tsatanetsatane wa za Podbelskaya cherry zosiyanasiyana, mbiri yakale ya kusankha, zithunzi ndi zina zambiri mu nkhaniyi.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana inapezeka m'zaka za m'ma 1900 ku Germany mwa kudutsa zosiyanasiyana Zolemba Zambiri Ndiponso Zachigoba. Wolemba Podbelskoy ndi Katswiri wazitsamba wa ku Germany ndi wofalitsa Karl Kohh.

Mitundu yatsopanoyi inapambana bwinobwino mayesero, idapangidwa mu 1947, inalembedwa mu zolembera za Dera la North Caucasus. M'mabuku muli maina ena Podbelskoy: Mtumiki Podbelsky, Kohova.

Kulima kumadera amenewa kuli koyenera komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Black Large, Minx ndi Toy.

Kuwonekera kwa chitumbuwa Podbelskaya

Cherry Podbelskaya ali ndi makhalidwe ake ndi makhalidwe omwe adzasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina.

Mtengo

Podbelskaya amaimira mtengo waukulu wa bushy, kufika mamita asanu mu msinkhu. Mtengo wawung'ono uli ndi korona wozungulira, wandiweyani, wambiri. Patapita nthaŵi, mawonekedwewo amakhala osasangalatsa.
Makungwawo ali ofewa bwino, ndi mapulumulo autali, ofiira ndi mawu ofanana.
Nthambizi ndi zigoba, zazikulu, zofiirira, kuchoka kutali ndi thunthu pambali ya 65-70 °. Mphukira imatsogoleredwa pamwamba, ndipo pakuwonekera kwa zipatso pa iwo akugwa.
Masamba ndi aakulu ndi osakaniza mu kukula (mpaka 12 cm m'litali ndi masentimita 6 m'lifupi), ovalika, ophwanyika m'mphepete mwake, osasunthika, obiriwira, shaggy ndi kuwala pamwambapa. Kapepala kakang'ono.

Zipatso

The Cherry zosiyanasiyana Podbelskaya amasiyana zambiri, zonunkhira akuphulika. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, 3-4 pa inflorescence iliyonse. Nkhuta zimakhala zozungulira.

Zipatso ndi zazikulu, mpaka 6 magalamu aliyense, mawonekedwe ophwanyika. Mtundu wa burgundy, pafupifupi wakuda.

Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, fibrous, yofiira yakuda. Madzi ndi mdima wofiira. Kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zimapanga zokometsera zokometsera zabwino (timadziti, compotes).

Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti zokhudzana ndi ascorbic acid zimasiyana malinga ndi dera lokula. M'minda Mtsinje wa Lower Volga ascorbic acid uli ndi 7-18 mg pa 100 magalamundipo mugawo la Krasnodar ziwerengerozo ndizochepa ndipo zimapanga 9-10 mg.
Mwalawo ndi wawung'ono, wozungulira, wofiirira, wosiyana bwino ndi zamkati.

Chithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Taganizirani zikuluzikulu za Podbelskoy.

Podbelskaya amatanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yambiri ya maluwa ndi oyambirira pa zipatso za kucha. M'madera a seva a ku Caucasus yokolola Zotsatira za June 16-18ndi m'minda ya Lower Volga mkati kumayambiriro kwa July. Kusakaniza kwa mbeu kumasiyana pang'ono malingana ndi malo olima.
Zinyama ndizosabala, zimasowa mungu.

Zhukovskaya, Malinovka ndi Turgenevka ali ndi mitundu yosabala.

Mitundu yamtengo wapatali yamakono a povinela kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Podbelskaya ndi iyi: Zambiri, May Duke, Griot Ostheim, English Poyambirira, Anadolskaya.

Mtengo uli wovuta kwambiri ku chisanu, osagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.

Mphukira zobala zipatso nthawi zambiri zimatha kuzizira nthawi yachisanu, chisanu chozizira. Maluwa ndi masamba amatha kuzizira panthawi ya chisanu cha usiku.
Zitsamba zotsamidwa bwererani ku zipatso zokha zaka 5 mutabzala.

Zizindikiro za zokolola zoyamba ndizochepa. Ali ndi zaka, amakula ndipo ali ndi zaka 12-15 mtengo umabala zipatso zambiri. Pafupifupi, mtengo wa zaka 12-14 ukhoza kusonkhanitsidwa 30-40 makilogalamu a zipatso. Zokolola zabwino kwambiri zinalembedwa ku Crimea: mpaka makilogalamu 70-76 kuchokera ku chitsamba.

Mitundu yotere monga Memory of Enikeeva, Rovesnitsa, Zhivitsa ndi Kharitonovskaya imaonetsa zokolola zambiri.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Sikovuta kusamalira yamatcheri, koma kukula kumafuna njira yoyenera, kusamalidwa nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungabzalitsire chitumbuwa.
Pakatikati, pakati pamtunda, ndi bwino kudzala mitengo yamtengo wa chitumbuwa masika. Mu msewu wathu, nyengo yoyamba yozizira imabwera molawirira, kotero mu kugwa, sapling sangakhale nayo nthawi yozika mizu ndi kusintha.

Ngati mbande idakololedwa kugwa, amafunikira prikopat mpaka masika.
Ngati mutabzala mitengo yambiri ya zipatso, mtunda wa pakati pa mbande suyenera kukhala osachepera mamita awiri pamzere mzere, ndi pakati pa mizera yosachepera 2.5 mamita.
Samalirani kumtunda kwa madzi. Ngati ndiposa 1.5-2 mamita, muyenera kupanga zina zam'madzi mulu. Musabzale yamatcheri m'chigwa kuti muteteze madzi mumnthaka ndi kuzizira masamba.
Phokoso lakuya likufukula kubzala (pafupifupi 50 ndi 50 cm). Dziko lofukizidwa limasakanizidwa ndi humus, kuwonjezera 30 magalamu a superphosphate, magalamu 20 a potaziyamu kloride ndi 1 makilogalamu a phulusa. Samalani ndi zochokera m'nthaka. Ngati ndi lolemera komanso losavuta, yikani ndowa ya mchenga.

Mbewu imayikidwa mu dzenje, yokutidwa ndi nthaka yokonzedwa ndi kutsanulira pa ndowa ziwiri za madzi. Tsitsi lazu pambuyo pofika liyenera kukhala pamtunda.

Musanadzalemo, onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana mizu ya mmera. Zowonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala. Mutabzala, zimalimbikitsa kupanga mulching kuzungulira mmera. Yokwanira ngati mulch: kompositi, utuchi, humus.
Kusamalira bwino yamatcheri.

Mtengo wa madzi pa mtengo umodzi uli pafupifupi 3 malita. Mukhoza kuwonjezera kuthirira nthawi ya maluwa, ovary, mutatha masamba.

Chomera feteleza choyamba chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo mutabzala. Pambuyo pake, zaka 2.3 sizikuyenera kudyetsa.

Pakati pa fruiting, mtengowu umamvetsera kwambiri potash, phosphorous ndi nitrogen zowonjezera. Feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa nyengo: mwamsanga mutatha maluwa masabata awiri oyambirira ndi pambuyo pachiwiri.

Ndikofunika kusamalira nthaka yozungulira mtengo, makamaka m'zaka zoyamba za moyo. Nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kumasula nthaka, kuchotsa namsongole, kusonkhanitsa masamba ogwa. Mu autumn, nthaka kuzungulira chitsamba kukumba. Kutentha kumangopita kumalo osokoneza.

Cherry Podbelskaya amafunika kudulira pachaka. M'chaka chiri kofunika kudula nthambi zouma zowonongeka, zowonongeka. Ndiyeneranso kuchotsa makungwa akale ouma. Achinyamata a chitsamba amafunika kuumba kudulira, kuti korona pang'onopang'ono ikhale yoyenera, mawonekedwe okongola. Kudula mitengo kumayambira pa msinkhu wa zaka chimodzi.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Podbelskaya ankadziwika mopepuka kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda a fungal (kuphatikizapo coccomycosis), bwino kutetezedwa ku chlorosis. Wofesa munda ayenera kutenga njira zingapo zothandizira kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kupewa bwino matenda a fungalesi kumasonyeza Morozovka, Dessert Morozova ndi Zhukovskaya.

Chithandizo chamagetsi chimaperekedwa m'chaka. Mtengo pa nthawiyi umakhala wovuta kwambiri ku matenda, kotero muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala ndi kusamalira.

Pofuna kupewa matenda, muyenera kugwira mankhwala mankhwala a Bordeaux osakaniza ndi azophos.

M'chaka timalimbikitsidwa kuti tiyeretseni thunthu la mtengo ndikupangira chilonda. Mabala amachiritsidwa yankho la mkuwa sulphate, ndi kupenta pamwamba.Izi zidzakhala chitetezo chabwino kwa tizirombo.

Musaiwale kumasula nthaka bwinobwino m'chaka, koma m'malo mwake muziukumba. Ndibwino kupewa kupewa tizirombo.

Zosiyanasiyana Podbelskaya yaitali anagwa ndi chikondi ndi ambiri wamaluwa. Amakonda kukula chifukwa cha chisamaliro chovuta, kukoma kwa zipatso, kusinthasintha.

Zipatso zikhoza kudyedwa mwatsopano, zogulitsidwa, komanso kukonzekera zokoma zokometsera zokometsera zokometsera (timadziti, zipatso zowonjezera, zosungira, zamchere). Wofesa munda ayenera kumvetsera kuti asawonongeke chisanu, asamalidwe ndi tizirombo ndi matenda.