Rosa Elf (Elfe) - mafotokozedwe a mitundu ndi mawonekedwe ake

Kukwera kwa rose Elf ndi chomera chachikulu chowoneka bwino chomwe chimatha kupatsa mundawo mawonekedwe achikondi. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imaphukira kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mokwanira, kudzikopa chidwi chokha. Kuphatikizika kwa "elf" kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito pagulu limodzi komanso malo amodzi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu

Diso lokwera la Elf linapangidwa ndi kampani yaku Germany ya Rosen Tantau mchaka cha 2000. Ma Elves ali mu mndandanda wa Nostalgische Rosen ("maluwa a Nostalgic") ndipo, monga tafotokozera, ndizomera zam'munda zamakono.

Rose elf

Kufotokozera kwapfupi

Mphukira za Elf kukwera kudakwera mpaka 2.5 - 3 m kutalika ndi 1.5 m mulifupi. Zimayambira ndi zowongoka, koma ngati zitsitsidwa pamathandizo, zimapanga masewera olakwika. Mphukira ndi onunkhira, wakuda, wamkulu - pafupifupi 12 cm. Ma Corollas amapaka utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino, pafupi ndi pakati pali matani a mandimu okhala ndi mafuta. Mu maluwa amodzi pamakhala ma petals 57.

Kufotokozera kwamayendedwe akukwera maluwa a Elf - masamba obzala okwanira 6 zidutswa. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, obiriwira, athanzi.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Zina mwa zabwino zamtunduwu ndizofunikira kudziwa:

• maluwa ambiri;
• maluwa akutalika kwambiri - pafupifupi nthawi yonse yachilimwe (pakati pa Julayi pang'ono pang'ono kuposa nthawi yonse);
• fungo labwino la zipatso;
• kukana powdery mildew ndi wakuda banga.

Zoyipa zake ndi monga:

• kukana chisanu - mpaka -29 ° С (m'malo 4-5 kumafunikira kutentha, popeza kumatha kuzizira);
• kukana kochepa kwa mvula yamphamvu - ndikofunikira kubzala m'gawo pafupi ndi khoma kapena mpanda kumbali ya leeward.

Mwambiri, olima dimba ambiri amawona zolakwika izi ngati mawonekedwe aukadaulo waulimi, osati zowopsa.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Maluwa akukwera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira ndi malo owonekera. Amakongoletsa zipilala, zikwangwani, mipanda yolowa. Rose Elfe ndiwokongola kwambiri ngati nthomba. Ngati musamalira bwino duwa, ndiye kuti limakula kukhala lamphamvu, lalikulu, lokhala ndi inflorescence yayikulu. Makhalidwe awa a chitsamba akutsimikiza kukopa diso.

Maluwa owala bwino ndi masamba owondera akathandizira kusintha ngodya yamdima m'mundamu. Maluwa awa amapereka mawonekedwe achikondi m'munda.

Kukwera maluwa pamiyala

Momwe mungabzale poyera

Ngati wokonza dimba atayala kudzala duwa pamalowo, njira yosavuta kwambiri yothandiza ndiyo kugula mmera m malo ogulitsira kapena ku nazale. Chomera chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe onse osiyanasiyana.

Maluwa okwereranso amathanso kudula zipatso. Pobzala zakuthupi, zitsamba zazing'ono zam'mimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito maluwa ake woyamba

Kusankha kwatsamba

Kukula kwa mtengowo kumatengera kusankha malo. Kuti duwa lipangidwe, ndikofunikira kusankha malo otseguka komanso owala bwino, koma popanda dzuwa mwachindunji nthawi ya nkhomaliro, otetezedwa ku mphepo komanso zolemba. Ndikofunika kuti muziyika maluwa okwera kumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo. Pakhoma kapena mpanda kuti mabowo azitha kupindika.

Kodi ikubwera nthawi yanji?

M'madera akumwera, maluwa okwera Elf amatha kubzala mu yophukira ndi masika. Chomera chimakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ndi mizu. M'nthawi yotentha komanso nyengo ya nyengo yozizira, kubzala kumachitika mchaka, nthaka ikamawunda ndipo madontho onse akudutsa.

Momwe angakonzekerere nthaka ndi duwa podzala

Dothi la duwa liyenera kukhala lachonde komanso lopepuka. Dothi losanjikira ndilofunika osati pamtunda wokha, komanso kutalika konse kwa mizu. Ngati dziko lapansi ndi lolemera, komanso dothi wambiri, ndiye kuti amalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera kompositi, peat, mchenga woonda, humus kwa iwo.

Ndi dothi lamchenga, chinyezi sichitha ndipo dziko lapansi limatentha kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mutha kuwonjezera peat, dothi la turf ndi manyowa pang'ono kapena humus.

Maluwa amakula panthaka zapo acidic. Chifukwa chake, peat imawonjezeredwa kumayiko osaloledwa kapena zamchere. Ndi acidity yowonjezera, mandimu kapena phulusa limagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kubzala mmera

Asanabzale, mmera umanyowa m'madzi kwa tsiku limodzi. Panthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imadzaza ndi chinyezi. Kuthengo, mizu ndi mphukira zimadulidwa, kusiya mbali zolimba ndi zaumoyo. Nthawi yomweyo musanabzike, duwa limatha kuchitidwa panjira yofooka ya potaziyamu pafupifupi theka la ola.

Njira zokulitsira

Tchire lomwe limakwera Elf ndilokulirapo, motero, pakati pamakope liyenera kukhala osachepera 0,5 m.

Kubweretsa mitengo kumachitika motsatizana:

1. Ngati mmera, ikani dzenje lakuya kupitirira 0,5 m. Ngati madzi apansi ali pafupi ndi dziko lapansi, ndiye kuti masentimita 10 amwala kapena miyala yoponderetsedwa imathiridwa pansi pa dzenjelo. Kenako manyowa kapena manyowa a chaka chathachi amayikidwanso. Feteleza anaika 10 cm.
2. Mmera umakhazikika mugobowo kuti mizu yayikulu idawongoledwa.
3. Kugwira chomera mosamala, dzenjelo lidakutidwa ndi nthaka. Dothi lozungulira chitsamba limapangidwa.
4. Mutabzala, nthaka yozungulira mmera imakheredwa mosamala. Zothandizira kupanga mapangidwe muzu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito - mwachitsanzo, Heteroauxin, Kornevin. Ngati dothi latha, ndiye kuti limakonkhedwa.

Kusamalira mbewu

Mukasunga duwa lokwera, osati kubzala kokha ndikofunikira, komanso kusamalira: kuthilira, kusunga chinyezi, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira ndikudulira.

Kutsirira malamulo ndi chinyezi

Maluwa amatha kupulumuka chilala kwakanthawi, koma nthawi zambiri izi zimakhudza mawonekedwe awo ndi maluwa. Mu nyengo youma, ndikokwanira kuthirira kawiri pa sabata ndi madzi ofunda. Ndi kuyamba kwa masiku ozizira, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumachepetsedwa. Pakuyamba kwanthawi yophukira, izi sizifunikanso kuthirira.

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, maluwa amatha kupopera mankhwalawa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda ndikuchita njirayi m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Chapakatikati, chomera chikayamba kukula, chimafuna feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pa maluwa, amadyetsa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Ntchito feteleza

Kuyambira chiyambi cha kukula mpaka theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, feteleza amapaka kawiri pamwezi. Pali zakudya zapadera zovuta, zomwe zimaphatikizapo organic ndi mchere zinthu.

Maluwa amayankha bwino humus. Mulching ndiwothandiza kwa iwo. Imangodyetsa mbewu, komanso imakhalanso ndi chinyezi nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, kutumphuka kolimba sikupezeka panthaka.

Kudulira

Pali malamulo ena:

• Chapakatikati, amadula mabowo omwe adawonongeka ndi chisanu, komanso nsonga za mphukira.
• Kudulira chilimwe kumafunika kuti maluwa azilimbitsa ndikupatsa chitsamba momwe chikufunira.
• M'dzinja, zitsamba zowonongeka kapena zazitali kwambiri zimachotsedwa. Kapangidwe kameneka amatchedwa kuti ukhondo.

Thirani

Ngati mukufuna kufalitsa tchire kumalo atsopano, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muchite izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe (pambuyo pa mazira onse) kapena koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira (kuti mbewu ikhale ndi nthawi kuti mizu isanayambike kuzizira).

Asanaikidwe, ndikofunikira kuti ndizidula mphukira. Ngati ili ndi tchire laling'ono, ndiye kuti mphukira zazing'ono zimafupikitsidwa. Mu nkhokwe yokwera wamkulu, zimayambira zimadulidwa pafupifupi 0,5 m, ndipo mphukira zachikulire zimachotsedwa kwathunthu.

• Choyamba konzekerani bowo ndi nthaka. Phata la dzenjelo liyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa chisoti chachifumu chomwe chiikidwa.
• Tchire limakumbidwa mosamala ndi dothi lapansi. Mizu yotalikirapo. Ngati dothi silikola, ndiye kuti chokocho chitha kulungidwa ndi nsalu.
• Mtengowo ukasamutsidwira kumalo atsopano, dothi lozungulira chitsamba limakumba ndipo limakhetsa mosamala.

Kukonzekera maluwa okwera yozizira

M'malo otentha, tchire limakhala pylon. Gwiritsani ntchito nthambi za spruce, zomwe zimakutidwa ndi filimu pamwamba. Ngati ndi kotheka, ikani maluwa angapo. Kenako ndibwino kuti pakhale kutentha.

M'madera ozizira, zotupa zimachotsedwa pamathandizo pasadakhale, mwina zimatha kuthyoka nthawi yachisanu. Ndondomeko ikuchitika m'masiku angapo, kupatsa maluwa mwayi wopindika. Ming'alu ikatha kuyikidwa pansi, imakhazikika. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapasa. Danga kapena thonje limayikidwa pakati pa mphukira ndi nthaka.

Nyengo ikakhala yotentha nthawi zonse, mbewuzo zimakutidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kenako ndi zofunda. Twine amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza tchire.

Thaw ikachitika, pogona imakwezedwa kotero kuti kufalikira kochepa kwa mpweya kudutsemo. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo ikakwatirana.

Maluwa maluwa

Nthawi ya chomera ndi nthawi ya maluwa, maluwa ndi zipatso. Kutengera nyengo, kumayambira kuyambira kumayambiriro kapena kumapeto kwa kasupe ndikupitilira mpaka nthawi yoyambira kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yotsalira yapachaka ndi nthawi yopuma. Zimafunika kuti chomera chikhale ndi nyengo yatsopano. Kutentha ndi chizindikiro chodzutsa duwa.

Maluwa achichepere, zaka zoyambirira za 1-2, sikuli koyenera kuphuka. Izi zimatenga mphamvu zawo, ndipo mbewu zimafunika kumera zobiriwira, zimakhala zamphamvu komanso nthawi yozizira. Kenako chaka chamawa adzaphuka kwambiri.

Paukalamba kwambiri, maluwa okwera amafunikanso kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba komanso kudulira. Akamakula, adzafunika thandizo lomwe lingateteze ku mphepo zamphamvu.

Ngati duwa silikutulutsa, ndiye kuti zifukwa zake zimakhala zopanda pake:

• Kupanga feteleza wambiri wa nayitrogeni nthawi ya maluwa. Mavalidwe apamwamba a phosphorous ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kudulira kolakwika kwa mphukira. Chotsani mphukira zofowoka ndi zina zomwe sizikukula. Kusweka masamba kuyeneranso kutayidwa. Amadulidwa 0,5 mpaka 0,8 mm pamwamba pa impso, zomwe ziyenera kuwongoleredwa mkati mwa chitsamba.
• Malowo amatuluka amakhudzidwa ndi malo a chitsamba. Ngati malowo ndi amdima, onyowa kapena owuma kwambiri, okhala ndi zokongoletsa, ndiye kuti maluwa ambiri sangathe kuyembekezeredwa.
• Cholinga choperewera kwa maluwa kumatha kukhala matenda komanso tizirombo. Mtengowo uyenera kuwunikidwa nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwawo komanso kupewa mankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena fungicides.

Kufalitsa maluwa

Kukwera kwamtunda kumafalitsidwa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imabereka kudzera mu vaccinations, magawo ndi kudula.

Kudula kwa maluwa

Kuyika

Nthawi yakuswana ndi masika. Kuti izi zitheke, zimayambira kutalika kwa 100-150 masentimita. Mphukira izi zimadulidwa pamwamba pa masamba ndikuyikidwa m'nkhokwe zazitali m'nthaka (10 cm). Poyambira ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ndikumawaza ndi humus. Nthambi imakhazikika mosatekeseka. Pamwamba pa dothi, ndiye korona yekha wa mphukira amene atsalira.

Chaka chotsatira, zodulidwa ndi muzu zimadulidwa kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi ndikukula ngati mmera wokhazikika.

Kudula

Pali ambiri a iwo omwe akukwera maluwa kuposa kuyala. Nthawi yoswana ndi pakati pa Juni, pomwe zimayambira zimasinthasintha.

Choyamba, konzekerani chisakanizo cha dothi lachonde ndi mchenga wowuma. Zomwe zili ndi makapu apulasitiki kapena zina zing'onozing'ono.

Tsamba lililonse liyenera kuthawa ndi awiri oyenda. Masamba amachotsedwa, zidutswa zingapo zimasiyidwa pamwamba, koma zimachepetsedwa. Pakuyamba kwa yophukira, mizu imamera pamadutsidwe. Zomera zatsopano zitha kusinthidwa ku malo okhazikika.

Katemera

Chezani kumapeto kwa masika - theka loyamba la chilimwe. Pali nthawi zambiri za njira yobala iyi. Komabe, mchitidwe wokha umafuna kulimbikira ndi ntchito yambiri. Impso imadulidwa ku chomera cholilidwa ndikumanikizidwa kumtengowo. Katemerayu ayenera kukhala mainchesi 5-6 pamwamba pa nthaka.

Pa dogrose pangani mawonekedwe owoneka ngati T ndikuyika duwa louma pamenepo. Kenako konzani malowa ndi kanema wotsekera. Amagulitsidwa m'masitolo am'munda. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, filimuyo imakhala yofooka kotero kuti impso zimakula. Chotsatira cham'mawa, impso zimachotsedwa. Pakatha sabata, mphukira ya rosehip imachotsedwa.

Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zokuthana nazo

Elfyi imagwirizana ndi powdery hlobo ndi wakuda banga. Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi kachilombo, ndiye kuti iyenera kuthandizidwa ndimadzi a Bordeaux. Ichi ndi chida champhamvu polimbana ndi matenda a bacteria ndi fungal.

Spider mite pa maluwa

Maluwa atha kugwidwa ndi nthanu za akangaude, maulalo, tizilombo tambiri komanso tinsomba. Ngati mbewuzo zili ndi kachilombo kale, ndiye kuti m'masitolo ogulitsira mungagule tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Njira zotsatirazi zoteteza kupewa kufalitsa tizilombo:

• Kuwaza. Tizilombo timalekerera chinyezi chachikulu.
• Kuyendera mphukira kwa tizilombo komanso kuwonongeka kwa iwo.
• Chithandizo cha sopo wobiriwira kawiri pamwezi.

Pofotokozera zonse pamwambapa, titha kunena kuti kukwera Elf ndi chomera cholimba. Kutengera malamulo oyisamalira, chitsamba chimatha kumera ndikukula. Zomwe azithokoza ndi maluwa ataliatali, ochulukirapo komanso okongola.