Dziko silinakumanepo ndi matenda ena opanda chifundo kusiyana ndi chimfine cha mbalame.
Kufotokozera bwino za kuphulika kwa matendawa kumachokera kumadera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi nthawi zosiyanasiyana, zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira, pamene zamoyo zilizonse zimasokonekera ku matenda owopsa.
Aliyense amaopa mbalame ya chimfine, kuchokera ku mbalame yofooka kupita kwa munthu wamphamvu, chifukwa chakuti kusintha kotereku kumakhala kosavuta kumenyana ndi iwo ndi ena.
Mankhwala ndi mankhwala a vet amasiyana kwambiri ndi malingaliro, ndi mtundu wanji wa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda owopsa kwambiri: gulu A kapena H5N1?
Komabe, monga tafotokozera kale, kachilomboka kamasintha (ndikovuta kusintha msanga), kotero onse awiriwa ali ndi ufulu wokhalapo.
Vuto silili chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, koma momwe angapewere, komanso ngati ali ndi nthenda ya matenda, momwe angachotsedwe kuti pasakhale mliri padziko lapansi.
Kodi chimfine cha mbalame n'chiyani?
Nkhuku (nkhuku) chimfine sichimakula ngati momwe mumaganizira kale.
Matendawa anapezeka koyamba m'chaka cha 1878 ndi wodwala wamantha wa ku Italy Perronchitto.
Anawona zizindikiro zachilendo kwa nkhuku nkhuku ndikuzizira ngati nkhuku.
Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, dzinalo linasinthidwa kuti likhale chimfine, chifukwa chakuti causative wothandizira matendawa ndi matenda a chiwindi, chomwecho chofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira.
Koma m'masiku amenewo anthu sankadziwa kuti nkhuku ya nkhuku inali yowopsa bwanji.
Zotsatirazi, posachedwapa, kukumbukira masiku a chimfine cha nkhuku kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20, ndizo: 1997, pamene Hong Kong inakumana ndi ngozi ya matendawa. Mbalame zonse zaulimi ndi anthu anali ndi kachirombo ka HIV.
Nkhuku zowonongeka zinali zofooka kwambiri pokhapokha kuopsezedwa ndi chimfine cha mbalame, iwo sakanatha kulimbana ndi matendawa ndipo anafa maola angapo pambuyo poyamba zizindikiro za matenda.
Mu 2006, matendawa adalowa mu Russia, ndipo popeza, izi zisanachitike, zinali zachilendo ku mayiko a Asia, ndiye Siberia ndiye woyamba kugwidwa ndi chimfine cha mbalame m'malo athu osatseguka.
Chiwerengero cha nkhuku zowonongeka m'dera la Novosibirsk chinapita kumakumi zikwi, kunali koyenera kutsegula minda 6 yayikulu ya nkhuku, ndikusintha zina zonse kuti zisungidwe. Pafupifupi 80% ya ziweto ankayenera kuwonongedwa.
Causative agent
Choncho, gulu lachilombo lodziwika kwambiri la HIV ndilo ... kapena H5N1... kotero kuti sizingakhale zovuta kuti zikhale zosavuta - choncho amatha kusintha chilengedwe.
Kuyambira m'chaka cha 2006, asayansi padziko lonse lapansi agwirizana pofunafuna katemera wothandiza, koma sichipezekapo.
Ndipo chimfine ndi. Otsatira kwambiri a kachilomboka anali zilombo zakutchire ndi zakumwa zam'madzi, zomwe zimadziwika bwino, sizikumveka komanso sizimadziwika bwino, koma zimatha kufalitsa matenda ambiri pamadera ena, kuika nkhuku zowonongeka, kenako eni ake.
Pakati pa mbalame pali gulu lina la omanyamula nkhuku ya nkhuku - mbalame zodabwitsa.
Ndicho chifukwa chake tsopano anthu ambiri sakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wowala wa phiri latchire: Ndani amadziwa zomwe zimakhala pansi pa nthenga ...
Ngakhale kuti mapuloteni samasungidwa ndi nkhuku, mwiniwake (ngati ali ndi masewera komanso nkhuku ndi mapuloti) akhoza "kukonza" matendawa mu nkhuku, kumusunthira kuchoka ku khola ndi nkhuku zomwe amakonda - ayenera kusamalira ndi ena.
Kuwonjezera pa nthenga zapadera, magwero a matendawa angakhale ngati mazira a nkhuku kapena abakha, komanso nyama ya mbalame yodwalayo.
Zizindikiro
Mwachizoloŵezi, matenda a nkhuku amatenga tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, ndiye mutha kuzindikira kale kusintha kwa khalidwe ndi maonekedwe a munthu wodwalayo.
Nkhuku imakhala yoletsedwa ndipo, ngati, osati yokha, imamwa mochuluka, imathamanga kwambiri, nthenga zake zimayamba kumangirira, maso a mbalame amawoneka ofiira, ndipo madzi amamasulidwa kuchokera pamlomo wake.
Ndipo ngati nkhukuyi ili ndi chiphuphu cha buluu ndi ndolo - ichi ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika kuti msungwana wosauka amakhala ndi maola angapo kuti akhalemo.
Zizindikiro izi ndi zizindikiro za chimfine cha mbalame mu nkhuku, ndi mbalame zonse, zikhoza kulumikizidwa malo osakhazikika.
Pamalo a nkhuku omwe amafa ndi chimfine, kutaya magazi m'magazi opuma, chiwindi, impso ndi zakudya zamagazi zimatha kuzindikira.
Zosokoneza
Mwamwayi, nkhuku yamkuku ndi matenda othamanga kwambiri kuti matendawa sagwirizana ndi kukula kwake.
Matendawa angapangidwe mwadzidzidzi, pofufuza momwe zimachitira nkhuku, kapena pozindikira kupepuka pang'ono kuchokera ku chizoloŵezi cha khalidwe kapena chikhalidwe cha mbalameyi.
Kawirikawiri, mtundu wa nsomba za Zagorsky umakulira m'minda yaing'ono, popeza Mbalamezi sizifuna chisamaliro chapadera.Kodi nkhuku zanu zili ndi nthomba? Pezani mofulumira nkhaniyi pa webusaiti yathu: //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-ptitsa/virusnye/ospa.html.
Koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa nkhuku ya nkhuku m'masiku oyamba pambuyo pozilandira imayikidwa bwino mthupi ndipo sichisonyeza zizindikiro zake zokha. Zizindikiro za nkhuku nkhuku nkhuku zimayamba kuwoneka ngakhale pamene mankhwala akusowa ntchito.
Chithandizo
Akatswiri ochokera ku vetmeditsiny, monga chokhumudwitsa, amanena kuti n'zosatheka kuchitira zinyama.
Chifukwa cha chilengedwe (kuthekera kufalitsa mofulumira) kwa matendawa, komanso maluso ake, sitingathe kupanga chithandizo chodalirika kwa zaka zingapo tsopano.
Nkhuku ya nkhuku ndi yosakanikirana kwambiri moti imasintha ndi mawonetseredwe ake onse.Choncho, katemerayu, omwe dzulo ankawoneka ngati othandiza kwambiri, akhoza kukhala opanda ntchito mawa kudzamenyana ndi matendawa.
Komabe, sikuti zonse zilibe chiyembekezo.
Choyamba, asayansi samasiya ndi kuyesetsa kuti apeze mankhwala odalirika.
Chachiwiri, mankhwalawa a mbadwo watsopanowu omwe alipo kale ndipo ali pamasamu a vetaptek angathe kufooketsa kwambiri zotsatira za kachilombo pa thupi la nkhuku.
Pa vuto lililonse, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukaonana ndi veterinarian wanu wa komweko, makamaka pofanana ndi kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane wa nkhuku yodwala.
Njira zothandizira
Zomwe mungachite ngati kachilomboka ndi kachenjera, kosaoneka ndipo nthawi iliyonse ikhoza kuyandikana kwambiri ndi ziweto zanu zomwe zimayambitsa kuwopsa kwa matendawa?
Choyamba, musachite mantha. Zowopsya ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodwala, yatsimikiziridwa kale ndi zovuta za ambiri. Nyekha kapena nkhuku zanu simukuyenera kubwereza zomwezo.
Mukufunikira china - kuteteza matendawa.
Kuti muchite izi, pakuyamba chiwindi kapena ngakhale pang'ono kukayikira zomwe zimachitika, chitetezani nkhuku zanu kuti zisagwirizane ndi mbalame zakutchire, musalole kuti apite kumalo kumene mbalame zakutchire zikhoza kukhala posachedwapa (masiku angapo, milungu, miyezi).
Musadyetse nyama zinyama ndi nkhuku zomwe simukuzidziwa (kugula pamsika), pangani nkhuku ndi mavitamini, yesetsani kumamwa kwa masiku angapo ndi mankhwala omwe mumawachitira nkhuku za sinusitis.
Ndiyani winanso amene angadwale?
N'zosatheka kubisala kuti nkhuku ya nkhuku imakhudza nkhuku zokha. Amakhala ndi matendawa. nkhumba zapakhomo ndi munthu.
Mulimonsemo palibe nkhumba yodwala yomwe ingagulitsidwe, monga alimi ena ochita bwino - kachilombo ka HIV kamasungidwa bwino mu nyama yatsopano, yotentha komanso yozizira.
Kutentha kokha kungawononge izo. Kotero, musanayambe kukonzanso kuwonongeka, muyenera kuganiza mobwerezabwereza, ndipo simungayambitsenso?
Munthu akayamba kudwala matendawa ayenera kutemera katemera wa chimfine ndi kusamala kuti asadye m'manja mwa mbalame, kuti asadye mazira ndi magazi omwe amalowa, kuphika mazira kwa mphindi khumi, ndi nkhuku kwa ola limodzi.
